Factors associated with of occupational disease recognition and reporting among medical residents: the role of self-efficacy and training

Melih Gaffar Gözükara; Servet Birgin İritaş; Mustafa Necmi İlhan

Factors associated with of occupational disease recognition and reporting among medical residents: the role of self-efficacy and training

Abstract

Aims: This study aimed to assess medical residents’ knowledge, occupational history-taking behaviors, and self-assessed competence related to occupational diseases (ODs), and to identify the factors influencing OD recognition and official reporting. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 367 residents from 24 clinical specialties using a researcher-developed questionnaire that assessed sociodemographic characteristics, OD education, attitudes, occupational history-taking behaviors, and self-assessed competence. Perceived competence in diagnostic, treatment-related, and legal domains, as well as prior OD diagnosis and reporting experiences, were evaluated. Associations between these variables and OD-related outcomes were analyzed using the Pearson Chi-square and Fisher’s exact tests. Results: More than half of the residents (54.0%) reported prior OD education, yet only 15.8% felt competent in diagnosis, 13.6% in treatment, and 10.0% in legal procedures. Occupational history-taking behaviors were limited, and only 28.6% indicated that their clinic’s patient forms included a dedicated occupational-history section. During clinical practice, 23.7% had encountered or diagnosed at least one OD, and among them, 47.1% submitted an official notification. Residents who perceived themselves as competent were more likely to diagnose and report ODs. In addition, the timing of education was associated with competence levels, with in-service training showing a stronger relationship with diagnostic competence compared with undergraduate training. Conclusion: Medical residents demonstrate low self-assessed competence and limited engagement in OD recognition and reporting. The findings suggest that not only the presence but also the timing and context of training are important, with clinically oriented training appearing more closely associated with improved competence. Strengthening postgraduate and in-service education, along with structural support mechanisms, may improve OD recognition and reporting.

Keywords

Supporting Institution

No support was given

Project Number

Gazi University Ethics Subcommittee for Measurement and Evaluation (Decision No: E-62021, Date: 15 June 2020)

Ethical Statement

All procedures performed in studies involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and/or national research committee and with the 1964 Helsinki Declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards.

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Details

Primary Language

English

Subjects

Work and Occupational Diseases , Occupational Epidemiology

Journal Section

Research Article

Authors

Melih Gaffar Gözükara ^*
0000-0002-6147-4053
Türkiye

Servet Birgin İritaş
0000-0001-5283-9973
Türkiye

Mustafa Necmi İlhan
0000-0003-1367-6328
Türkiye

Publication Date

May 19, 2026

Submission Date

January 26, 2026

Acceptance Date

April 17, 2026

Published in Issue

Year 2026 Volume: 9 Number: 3

IZ

https://izlik.org/JA88HC95TH

Cite

RIS / Bibtex

APA

Gözükara, M. G., İritaş, S. B., & İlhan, M. N. (2026). Factors associated with of occupational disease recognition and reporting among medical residents: the role of self-efficacy and training. Journal of Health Sciences and Medicine, 9(3), 638-644. https://izlik.org/JA88HC95TH

AMA

1.Gözükara MG, İritaş SB, İlhan MN. Factors associated with of occupational disease recognition and reporting among medical residents: the role of self-efficacy and training. J Health Sci Med / JHSM. 2026;9(3):638-644. https://izlik.org/JA88HC95TH

Chicago

Gözükara, Melih Gaffar, Servet Birgin İritaş, and Mustafa Necmi İlhan. 2026. “Factors Associated With of Occupational Disease Recognition and Reporting Among Medical Residents: The Role of Self-Efficacy and Training”. Journal of Health Sciences and Medicine 9 (3): 638-44. https://izlik.org/JA88HC95TH.

EndNote

Gözükara MG, İritaş SB, İlhan MN (May 1, 2026) Factors associated with of occupational disease recognition and reporting among medical residents: the role of self-efficacy and training. Journal of Health Sciences and Medicine 9 3 638–644.

IEEE

[1]M. G. Gözükara, S. B. İritaş, and M. N. İlhan, “Factors associated with of occupational disease recognition and reporting among medical residents: the role of self-efficacy and training”, J Health Sci Med / JHSM, vol. 9, no. 3, pp. 638–644, May 2026, [Online]. Available: https://izlik.org/JA88HC95TH

ISNAD

Gözükara, Melih Gaffar - İritaş, Servet Birgin - İlhan, Mustafa Necmi. “Factors Associated With of Occupational Disease Recognition and Reporting Among Medical Residents: The Role of Self-Efficacy and Training”. Journal of Health Sciences and Medicine 9/3 (May 1, 2026): 638-644. https://izlik.org/JA88HC95TH.

JAMA

1.Gözükara MG, İritaş SB, İlhan MN. Factors associated with of occupational disease recognition and reporting among medical residents: the role of self-efficacy and training. J Health Sci Med / JHSM. 2026;9:638–644.

MLA

Gözükara, Melih Gaffar, et al. “Factors Associated With of Occupational Disease Recognition and Reporting Among Medical Residents: The Role of Self-Efficacy and Training”. Journal of Health Sciences and Medicine, vol. 9, no. 3, May 2026, pp. 638-44, https://izlik.org/JA88HC95TH.

Vancouver

1.Melih Gaffar Gözükara, Servet Birgin İritaş, Mustafa Necmi İlhan. Factors associated with of occupational disease recognition and reporting among medical residents: the role of self-efficacy and training. J Health Sci Med / JHSM [Internet]. 2026 May 1;9(3):638-44. Available from: https://izlik.org/JA88HC95TH