Research Article

Possible effects of 3200 MHz radio-frequency field on cardiac blood parameters in rats

Volume: 9 Number: 3 May 19, 2026
Journal of Health Sciences and Medicine Cover
Journal of Health Sciences and Medicine
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Possible effects of 3200 MHz radio-frequency field on cardiac blood parameters in rats

Abstract

Aims: Radiofrequency (RF) technologies are widely used in modern communication systems, particularly with the introduction of fifth-generation (5G) networks. Despite increasing exposure to RF fields, their potential biological effects remain controversial. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of repeated exposure to a 3200 MHz RF field on cardiac injury biomarkers in a rat model. We hypothesized that repeated RF exposure would induce measurable alterations in cardiac biomarkers. Methods: Thirty-four male Wistar albino rats (220-280 g) were randomly assigned to five groups: control, sham-15 min, sham-1 h, RF exposure-15 min, and RF exposure-1 h. Animals in exposure groups were subjected to a 3200 MHz RF field for 15 minutes or 1 hour daily for 15 consecutive days. Serum troponin I, creatine kinase (CK), and plasma brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) levels were measured using the Abbott Alinity I immunoassay autoanalyzer (Abbott Laboratories, Abbott Park, IL, USA). Statistical analyses were performed using GraphPad software. Results: No statistically significant differences were observed in troponin I or BNP levels among the groups (p<0.05). A statistically significant increase in CK levels was detected only between the sham-15 min and RF exposure-15 min groups (p<0.05), as well as between the control and sham-15 min groups. No consistent biomarker elevation associated with RF exposure duration was identified. Conclusion: Exposure to a 3200 MHz RF field at SAR levels of 0.3-0.36 W/kg did not significantly alter cardiac biomarkers, including troponin I and BNP, under the experimental conditions of this study.

Keywords

References

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Details

Primary Language

English

Subjects

Cardiology, Medical and Biological Physics (Other)

Journal Section

Research Article

Authors

Publication Date

May 19, 2026

Submission Date

January 27, 2026

Acceptance Date

March 13, 2026

Published in Issue

Year 2026 Volume: 9 Number: 3

IZ

https://izlik.org/JA25AG77TP

Cite

RIS / Bibtex
APA
Özdemir, N., Özkan, E. T., Kayabaşı, B., Günay, S., Özmen, G. B., Oruç Eraslan, S., Ateş, K., Sirav, B., & Dinçer, S. (2026). Possible effects of 3200 MHz radio-frequency field on cardiac blood parameters in rats. Journal of Health Sciences and Medicine, 9(3), 645-651. https://izlik.org/JA25AG77TP
AMA
1.Özdemir N, Özkan ET, Kayabaşı B, et al. Possible effects of 3200 MHz radio-frequency field on cardiac blood parameters in rats. J Health Sci Med / JHSM. 2026;9(3):645-651. https://izlik.org/JA25AG77TP
Chicago
Özdemir, Nurhan, Enis Taha Özkan, Burak Kayabaşı, et al. 2026. “Possible Effects of 3200 MHz Radio-Frequency Field on Cardiac Blood Parameters in Rats”. Journal of Health Sciences and Medicine 9 (3): 645-51. https://izlik.org/JA25AG77TP.
EndNote
Özdemir N, Özkan ET, Kayabaşı B, Günay S, Özmen GB, Oruç Eraslan S, Ateş K, Sirav B, Dinçer S (May 1, 2026) Possible effects of 3200 MHz radio-frequency field on cardiac blood parameters in rats. Journal of Health Sciences and Medicine 9 3 645–651.
IEEE
[1]N. Özdemir et al., “Possible effects of 3200 MHz radio-frequency field on cardiac blood parameters in rats”, J Health Sci Med / JHSM, vol. 9, no. 3, pp. 645–651, May 2026, [Online]. Available: https://izlik.org/JA25AG77TP
ISNAD
Özdemir, Nurhan - Özkan, Enis Taha - Kayabaşı, Burak - Günay, Sevilay - Özmen, Gül Bayramiye - Oruç Eraslan, Sinem - Ateş, Kayhan - Sirav, Bahriye - Dinçer, Sibel. “Possible Effects of 3200 MHz Radio-Frequency Field on Cardiac Blood Parameters in Rats”. Journal of Health Sciences and Medicine 9/3 (May 1, 2026): 645-651. https://izlik.org/JA25AG77TP.
JAMA
1.Özdemir N, Özkan ET, Kayabaşı B, Günay S, Özmen GB, Oruç Eraslan S, Ateş K, Sirav B, Dinçer S. Possible effects of 3200 MHz radio-frequency field on cardiac blood parameters in rats. J Health Sci Med / JHSM. 2026;9:645–651.
MLA
Özdemir, Nurhan, et al. “Possible Effects of 3200 MHz Radio-Frequency Field on Cardiac Blood Parameters in Rats”. Journal of Health Sciences and Medicine, vol. 9, no. 3, May 2026, pp. 645-51, https://izlik.org/JA25AG77TP.
Vancouver
1.Nurhan Özdemir, Enis Taha Özkan, Burak Kayabaşı, Sevilay Günay, Gül Bayramiye Özmen, Sinem Oruç Eraslan, Kayhan Ateş, Bahriye Sirav, Sibel Dinçer. Possible effects of 3200 MHz radio-frequency field on cardiac blood parameters in rats. J Health Sci Med / JHSM [Internet]. 2026 May 1;9(3):645-51. Available from: https://izlik.org/JA25AG77TP

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