Preoperative HbA1c and vitamin D levels in endometrial carcinoma: correlation with grade and lymphovascular space invasion
Abstract
Aims: This study aimed to evaluate preoperative HbA1c and serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels in patients with endometrial carcinoma and to investigate their associations with tumor grade and lymphovascular space invasion (LVSI).
Methods: This retrospective study included 81 patients with histologically confirmed endometrial carcinoma and 30 control patients diagnosed with endometrial hyperplasia who underwent hysterectomy. Patients were categorized into four groups: grade 1-2 LVSI-negative, grade 1-2 LVSI-positive, grade 3 tumors, and controls. Preoperative glucose, HbA1c, and vitamin D levels were retrieved from medical records. Group comparisons were performed using Welch’s ANOVA with Games-Howell post hoc testing. Multivariate analysis of covariance (MANCOVA) was conducted adjusting for age and body-mass index.
Results: Patients with endometrial carcinoma were significantly older and had higher BMI, glucose, and HbA1c levels, along with lower vitamin D concentrations compared with controls (all p<0.05). Post hoc analyses demonstrated higher glucose and HbA1c levels in the grade 1-2 LVSI-negative group, while both the grade 1-2 LVSI-positive and grade 3 groups had significantly lower vitamin D levels compared with controls. After adjustment for age and BMI, only vitamin D levels remained independently associated with disease group (p=0.006).
Conclusion: Preoperative metabolic dysregulation and vitamin D deficiency were observed in patients with endometrial carcinoma. While glycemic alterations appeared partly mediated by age and adiposity, reduced vitamin D levels remained independently associated with tumor characteristics, suggesting a potential role in disease biology.
Keywords
Supporting Institution
no funding
Ethical Statement
This study was conducted in accordance with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki. Ethical approval was obtained from the Ethics Committee of Balıkesir University Faculty of Health Sciences (Date: 14/10/2025, Decision No: 2025/332).
Due to the retrospective design of the study, the requirement for written informed consent was waived. Patient confidentiality was strictly maintained, and all data were anonymized prior to ana
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Details
Primary Language
English
Subjects
Gynecologic Oncology Surgery, Clinical Oncology, Obstetrics and Gynaecology
Journal Section
Research Article
Publication Date
May 19, 2026
Submission Date
March 27, 2026
Acceptance Date
April 24, 2026
Published in Issue
Year 2026 Volume: 9 Number: 3
APA
Efe Çamili, F., Nurdoğan, F., Şimşekoğlu Polat, E., Afşar, S., Güney, G., & İslimye Taşkın, M. (2026). Preoperative HbA1c and vitamin D levels in endometrial carcinoma: correlation with grade and lymphovascular space invasion. Journal of Health Sciences and Medicine, 9(3), 806-811. https://izlik.org/JA52FM86CF
AMA
1.Efe Çamili F, Nurdoğan F, Şimşekoğlu Polat E, Afşar S, Güney G, İslimye Taşkın M. Preoperative HbA1c and vitamin D levels in endometrial carcinoma: correlation with grade and lymphovascular space invasion. J Health Sci Med / JHSM. 2026;9(3):806-811. https://izlik.org/JA52FM86CF
Chicago
Efe Çamili, Figen, Fahrettin Nurdoğan, Esra Şimşekoğlu Polat, Selim Afşar, Gürhan Güney, and Mine İslimye Taşkın. 2026. “Preoperative HbA1c and Vitamin D Levels in Endometrial Carcinoma: Correlation With Grade and Lymphovascular Space Invasion”. Journal of Health Sciences and Medicine 9 (3): 806-11. https://izlik.org/JA52FM86CF.
EndNote
Efe Çamili F, Nurdoğan F, Şimşekoğlu Polat E, Afşar S, Güney G, İslimye Taşkın M (May 1, 2026) Preoperative HbA1c and vitamin D levels in endometrial carcinoma: correlation with grade and lymphovascular space invasion. Journal of Health Sciences and Medicine 9 3 806–811.
IEEE
[1]F. Efe Çamili, F. Nurdoğan, E. Şimşekoğlu Polat, S. Afşar, G. Güney, and M. İslimye Taşkın, “Preoperative HbA1c and vitamin D levels in endometrial carcinoma: correlation with grade and lymphovascular space invasion”, J Health Sci Med / JHSM, vol. 9, no. 3, pp. 806–811, May 2026, [Online]. Available: https://izlik.org/JA52FM86CF
ISNAD
Efe Çamili, Figen - Nurdoğan, Fahrettin - Şimşekoğlu Polat, Esra - Afşar, Selim - Güney, Gürhan - İslimye Taşkın, Mine. “Preoperative HbA1c and Vitamin D Levels in Endometrial Carcinoma: Correlation With Grade and Lymphovascular Space Invasion”. Journal of Health Sciences and Medicine 9/3 (May 1, 2026): 806-811. https://izlik.org/JA52FM86CF.
JAMA
1.Efe Çamili F, Nurdoğan F, Şimşekoğlu Polat E, Afşar S, Güney G, İslimye Taşkın M. Preoperative HbA1c and vitamin D levels in endometrial carcinoma: correlation with grade and lymphovascular space invasion. J Health Sci Med / JHSM. 2026;9:806–811.
MLA
Efe Çamili, Figen, et al. “Preoperative HbA1c and Vitamin D Levels in Endometrial Carcinoma: Correlation With Grade and Lymphovascular Space Invasion”. Journal of Health Sciences and Medicine, vol. 9, no. 3, May 2026, pp. 806-11, https://izlik.org/JA52FM86CF.
Vancouver
1.Figen Efe Çamili, Fahrettin Nurdoğan, Esra Şimşekoğlu Polat, Selim Afşar, Gürhan Güney, Mine İslimye Taşkın. Preoperative HbA1c and vitamin D levels in endometrial carcinoma: correlation with grade and lymphovascular space invasion. J Health Sci Med / JHSM [Internet]. 2026 May 1;9(3):806-11. Available from: https://izlik.org/JA52FM86CF
