Research Article

Artificial Intelligence integration in pediatric practice: pediatricians’ data-sharing boundaries, diagnosis-related use, ethical concerns, diagnostic procedures, and willingness to use secure institutional systems

Volume: 9 Number: 6 October 25, 2026
Journal of Health Sciences and Medicine Cover
Journal of Health Sciences and Medicine
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Artificial Intelligence integration in pediatric practice: pediatricians’ data-sharing boundaries, diagnosis-related use, ethical concerns, diagnostic procedures, and willingness to use secure institutional systems

Abstract

Aims: Artificial Intelligence (AI) is increasingly used in healthcare, but its routine use by pediatricians remains unclear. This study examined the clinical and academic tasks for which pediatricians use AI, their willingness to use secure institutional systems, and the patient information they would enter. These dimensions were examined together to distinguish general acceptance of AI from task-specific use and willingness to share different types of patient information. Methods: This cross-sectional web-based survey included 302 pediatricians in Turkiye in June-July 2026. A 25-item questionnaire assessed task-specific AI use, ethical and professional concerns, institutional preparedness, willingness to use secure systems, and patient data-sharing preferences. Content validity was evaluated by 10 experts using a modified Lawshe approach. Data were summarized descriptively; Kruskal-Wallis, Mann-Whitney U, and Spearman correlation analyses were performed. Demographic and professional analyses were exploratory. Results: Overall, 90.1% were willing to use a secure institutional AI system compliant with national data protection requirements, whereas fewer than 15% would enter directly identifying information such as patient names or file numbers. Clinical use was most common for medical information seeking (61.3%) and least common for preparing patient or family education materials (22.8%); 12.6% reported no clinical use. In academic work, literature searching and summarization was most frequent (68.9%), while project or grant applications were least frequent (7.6%); 11.6% reported no academic use. Older age was weakly associated with lower regular AI use (ρ=-0.192, p<0.001). Conclusion: Pediatricians use AI-supported language models across clinical and academic tasks and are receptive to secure institutional systems. However, willingness to share directly identifying patient data remains limited. Implementation should prioritize data protection, clinician oversight, and practical training.

Keywords

Supporting Institution

Not Applicable

Ethical Statement

This study was approved by the Ankara Etlik City Hospital Ethics Committee (approval no. AEŞH-BADEKİ-1026-530; approval date: 17 June 2026).

Thanks

Not Applicable

References

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Details

Primary Language

English

Subjects

Clinical Sciences (Other)

Journal Section

Research Article

Authors

Publication Date

October 25, 2026

Submission Date

August 3, 2026

Acceptance Date

September 20, 2026

Published in Issue

Year 2026 Volume: 9 Number: 6

DOI

https://doi.org/10.32322/jhsm.2010095

IZ

https://izlik.org/JA69FD88AE

Cite

RIS / Bibtex
APA
Bal, H. I., Dilli, D., Köle, M. T., & Avcı, Y. E. (2026). Artificial Intelligence integration in pediatric practice: pediatricians’ data-sharing boundaries, diagnosis-related use, ethical concerns, diagnostic procedures, and willingness to use secure institutional systems. Journal of Health Sciences and Medicine, 9(6), 1689-1697. https://doi.org/10.32322/jhsm.2010095
AMA
1.Bal HI, Dilli D, Köle MT, Avcı YE. Artificial Intelligence integration in pediatric practice: pediatricians’ data-sharing boundaries, diagnosis-related use, ethical concerns, diagnostic procedures, and willingness to use secure institutional systems. J Health Sci Med / JHSM. 2026;9(6):1689-1697. doi:10.32322/jhsm.2010095
Chicago
Bal, Hüseyin Ilgın, Dilek Dilli, Mehmet Tolga Köle, and Yunus Emre Avcı. 2026. “Artificial Intelligence Integration in Pediatric Practice: Pediatricians’ Data-Sharing Boundaries, Diagnosis-Related Use, Ethical Concerns, Diagnostic Procedures, and Willingness to Use Secure Institutional Systems”. Journal of Health Sciences and Medicine 9 (6): 1689-97. https://doi.org/10.32322/jhsm.2010095.
EndNote
Bal HI, Dilli D, Köle MT, Avcı YE (October 1, 2026) Artificial Intelligence integration in pediatric practice: pediatricians’ data-sharing boundaries, diagnosis-related use, ethical concerns, diagnostic procedures, and willingness to use secure institutional systems. Journal of Health Sciences and Medicine 9 6 1689–1697.
IEEE
[1]H. I. Bal, D. Dilli, M. T. Köle, and Y. E. Avcı, “Artificial Intelligence integration in pediatric practice: pediatricians’ data-sharing boundaries, diagnosis-related use, ethical concerns, diagnostic procedures, and willingness to use secure institutional systems”, J Health Sci Med / JHSM, vol. 9, no. 6, pp. 1689–1697, Oct. 2026, doi: 10.32322/jhsm.2010095.
ISNAD
Bal, Hüseyin Ilgın - Dilli, Dilek - Köle, Mehmet Tolga - Avcı, Yunus Emre. “Artificial Intelligence Integration in Pediatric Practice: Pediatricians’ Data-Sharing Boundaries, Diagnosis-Related Use, Ethical Concerns, Diagnostic Procedures, and Willingness to Use Secure Institutional Systems”. Journal of Health Sciences and Medicine 9/6 (October 1, 2026): 1689-1697. https://doi.org/10.32322/jhsm.2010095.
JAMA
1.Bal HI, Dilli D, Köle MT, Avcı YE. Artificial Intelligence integration in pediatric practice: pediatricians’ data-sharing boundaries, diagnosis-related use, ethical concerns, diagnostic procedures, and willingness to use secure institutional systems. J Health Sci Med / JHSM. 2026;9:1689–1697.
MLA
Bal, Hüseyin Ilgın, et al. “Artificial Intelligence Integration in Pediatric Practice: Pediatricians’ Data-Sharing Boundaries, Diagnosis-Related Use, Ethical Concerns, Diagnostic Procedures, and Willingness to Use Secure Institutional Systems”. Journal of Health Sciences and Medicine, vol. 9, no. 6, Oct. 2026, pp. 1689-97, doi:10.32322/jhsm.2010095.
Vancouver
1.Hüseyin Ilgın Bal, Dilek Dilli, Mehmet Tolga Köle, Yunus Emre Avcı. Artificial Intelligence integration in pediatric practice: pediatricians’ data-sharing boundaries, diagnosis-related use, ethical concerns, diagnostic procedures, and willingness to use secure institutional systems. J Health Sci Med / JHSM. 2026 Oct. 1;9(6):1689-97. doi:10.32322/jhsm.2010095

 

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