Investigation of the anti-cancer effect of Rheum Ribes L.'s ethanol extracts on malign melanoma cells

Abstract

Objective: Işkın (Rheum ribes L.), China, India, Iran and Turkey are grow in the wild and are used for many medical purposes. The aim of this study is to investigate the anti-cancer effectiveness of ethanol extracts of the roots, stems and bark of the Rheum ribes L against malignant melanoma cells. Material and Method: Root, stem and bark parts of the plant dried at room temperature were powdered with a mixer and incubated with 50% ethanol for 24 hours. In the extracts obtained after the organic phase is evaporated in a rotary evaporator and the water phase is separated in the lyophilizer; firstly, total phenol and total flavanoid content level and total antioxidant capacity were measured by photometric methods. Cultured malignant melanoma cells (B16F10) were incubated at different concentrations of these extracts for 24 hours. After incubation; cytotoxicity levels was determined with the colorometric MTT method [3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide], and the apoptosis level by Acridine Orange-Ethidium Bromide (AO-EB) double staining method. Results: When examining the results of both cytotoxicity and apoptosis, it was observed that the highest cytotoxic (87.57 ± 4.3%) and apoptotic (59.76 ± 3.57) effects were achieved with root extracts at the same concentrations (p <0.001). According to MTT results, IC50 value of root extracts was determined to be 61 µg/mL and cell death at 500 µg/mL as 91.92 ± 3.9. Conclusion: It has been concluded that Rheum ribes L. plant has anticancer activity on malignant melanoma cells and the root extract has a higher anti-cancer drug potential compared to the stem and barks of the plant.

Keywords

• Rheum Ribes L.,Anti-Cancer,Malign Melanoma

Rheum Ribes L.'nin etanol ekstrelerinin malign melanoma hücreleri üzerine anti-kanser etkinliğinin araştırılması

Abstract

Amaç: Işkın bitkisi (Rheum ribes L.) Çin, Hindistan, İran ve Türkiye’de yabani olarak yetişmekte olup birçok tıbbi amaç için kullanılmaktadır. Bu çalışmanın amacı ışkın bitkisinin kök, gövde ve kabuklarının etanol ekstraktlarının malign melanoma hücrelerine karşı anti-kanser etkinliğini araştırmaktır. Gereç ve Yöntem: Bitkinin oda sıcaklığında kurutulan kök, gövde ve kabuk kısımları mikser ile toz haline getirilip %50 etanol ile 24 saat inkübe edildi. Organik faz rotary evaporatörde uçurulup, su fazı liyofilizatörde ayrıldıktan sonra elde edilen ekstraktlarda; öncelikle total fenol ve total flavanoid içerik düzeyi ile total antioksidan kapasite fotometrik yöntemlerle ölçüldü. Daha sonra kültürize edilen malign melanoma hücreleri (B16F10) bu ekstrelerin farklı konsantrasyonlarında 24 saat inkübe edildi. İnkübasyondan sonra sitotoksisite düzeyi; kolorometrik MTT [3-(4,5-diMetilTiyazol-2-il)-2,5-difenil Tetrazolyum bromür] metodu ile, apoptoz düzeyi ise; Akridin Oranj-Etidyum Bromit (AO-EB) ikili boyama yöntemi ile tespit edildi. Bulgular: Hem sitotoksisite hemde apoptoz sonuçları incelediğinde aynı konsantrasyonlarda en yüksek sitotoksik (%87,57±4,3) ve apoptotik (59,76±3,57) etkinin kök ekstreleri ile sağlandığı görüldü (p<0,001). MTT sonuçlarına göre kök ekstrelerinin IC50 değerinin 61 µg/mL ve 500 µg/mL’de hücre ölümünün %91,92±3,9 olduğu tespit edildi. Sonuç: Rheum ribes L. bitkisinin malign melanoma hücreleri üzerine antikanser etkinliğinin var olduğu ve bitkinin gövde ve kabuklarına kıyasla kök ekstraktının anti-kanser ilaç olma potansiyelinin daha yüksek olduğu kanaatine varılmıştır.

Keywords

• Işkın,Rheum ribes L,anti-kanser,malign melanoma

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