Evaluation of pediatric patients presenting with vertigo

Yıl 2021, , 247 - 251, 21.05.2021

Serkan Kırık , Bilge Özgör , Mehmet Yaşar Özkars

https://doi.org/10.32322/jhsm.858316

Cited By: 1

Öz

Objective: Vertigo in children is a less studied subject than that in the adulthood. The aim of the present study was to determine the clinical characteristics of children presenting to the pediatric neurology clinic with vertigo. Methods: Fourty children were enrolled. The patients digital medical datas analyzed retrospectively. The study included all patients younger than 18 years of age who presented to Kahramanmaras Sutcu Imam University Hospital and Aydın Maternity and Children’s Hospital, Pediatric Neurology Outpatient Clinic between July 2017 and July 2020. Results: In our study, 40 patients with a mean age of vertigo onset between 2 years and 17 years were evaluated. The most common complaints accompanying vertigo were headache (57.5%) and nausea (35%). The most commonly detected clinical cause of vertigo was migraine associated vertigo (MAV) (n=18); twelve patients had psychogenic vertigo, 3 patients had orthostatic hypotension (OH), and 7 patients had BCPV. While the most common cause of vertigo among children under the age of 6 was BCPV, MAV was the most common etiology among children above the age of 6. It was observed that headache more commonly accompanied vertigo in patients with MAV (p<0.001). Vertigo episodes longer than five minutes were less common in patients with BCPV and OH. Symptomatic worsening occurred in children diagnosed with BCPV and MAV. Conlusion: In the majority of pediatric patients with vertigo, a detailed examination including a detailed history and neurological and audiological evaluations is sufficient for diagnosis. Considering the anxiety of families in this patient group, especially in the pre-school age group, appropriate approach, as well as prevent unnecessary tests.

Anahtar Kelimeler

child, migraine, vertigo, benign paroxysmal vertigo

Kaynakça

• Jahn K, Langhagen T, Schroeder AS, Heinen F. Vertigo and dizziness in childhood Update on diagnosis and treatment. Neuropediatrics 2011; 42: 129-4.
• Davitt M, Delvecchio MT, Aronoff SC. The differential diagnosis of vertigo in children: a systematic review of 2726 cases. Pediatr Emerg Care 2020; 36: 368-71.
• Batu ED, Anlar B, Topçu M, Turanlı G, Aysun S. Vertigo in childhood: a retrospective series of 100 children. Eur J Paediatr Neurol. 2015; 19: 226-32.
• Raucci U, Vanacore N, Paolino MC, et al. Vertigo/dizziness in pediatric emergency department: Five years' experience. Cephalalgia. 2016; 36: 593-8.
• Gümüşçü F, Benli ED, Demirtaş S, Karahan O. A case with late clinical presentation of Takayasu’s arteritis. Dicle Tıp Dergisi. 2014; 41: 421-4.
• Headache Classification Committee of the International Headache Society (IHS). The international classification of Headache disorders, 3rd edition (beta version). Cephalalgia 2013; 33: 629-808.
• Stahl JS, Daroff RB. Time for more attention to migrainous vertigo? Neurology 2001; 56: 428-9.
• Akdak G. Benign Paroxysmal Vertigo of Childhood. In: Headache in Children and Adolescents. 1st ed. Abu-Arefeh A, Özge A eds. Springer (Switzerland). 2016; pp: 129-34.
• Furman JM, Marcus DA, Balaban CD. Migrainous vertigo: development of a pathogenetic model and structured diagnostic interview. Current Opinion in Neurology, 2003; 16: 5-13.
• Lempert T, Neuhauser H, Daroff RB. Vertigo as a symptom of migraine. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2009; 1164: 242-51.
• Casani AP, Dallan I, Navari E, Sellari Franceschini S, Cerchiai N. Vertigo in childhood: proposal for a diagnostic algorithm based upon clinical experience. Acta Otorhinolaryngol Ital 2015; 35: 180-5.
• Langhagen T, Schroeder AS, Rettinger N, Borggraefe I, Jahn K. Migraine-related vertigo and somatoform vertigo frequently ocur in children and are often associated. Neuropediatrics 2013; 44: 55-8.
• Erbek SH, Erbek SS, Yilmaz I, et al. Vertigo in Childhood: a clinical experience. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol 2006; 70: 1547–54.
• Balatsouras DG, Kaberos A, Assimakopoulos D, Katotomichelakis M, Economou NC, Korres SG. Etiology of vertigo in children. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol 2007; 71: 487-94.
• Humphriss RL, Hall AJ. Dizziness in 10-year-old children: an epidemiological study. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol 2011; 75: 395-400.
• Zhang D, Fan Z, Han Y, et al. Benign paroxysmal vertigo of childhood: Diagnostic value of vestibular test and high stimulus rate auditory brainstem response test. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol 2012; 76: 107-10.
• Marcelli V, Piazza F, Pisani F, Marciano E. Neuro-otological features of benign paroxysmal vertigo and benign paroxysmal positioning vertigo in children: A follow-up study. Brain Dev 2006; 28: 80-4.
• Stewart MJ. Autonomic nervous system dysfunction in adolescents with postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome and chronic fatigue syndrome is characterized by attenuated vagal baroreflex and potentiated sympathetic vasomotion. Pediatr Res 2000; 48: 218-26.
• The Consensus Committee of the American Autonomic Society and the American Academy of Neurology. Consensus statement on the definition of orthostatic hypotension, pure autonomic failure, and multiple system atrophy. Neurology 1996; 46: 1470.
• Riina N, Ilmari P, Kentala E. Vertigo and Imbalance in Children: A Retrospective Study in a Helsinki University Otorhinolaryngology Clinic. Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2005; 131: 996–1000.
• Gruber M, Cohen-Kerem R, Kaminer M, Shupak A. Vertigo in children and adolescents: characteristics and outcome. ScientificWorldJournal. 2012; 2012: 109624.
• Jahn K, Langhagen T, Heinen F. Vertigo and dizziness in children. Curr Opin Neurol. 2015; 28: 78-82.