Çevresel Etkilerin Azaltılması için Bina Düşey Kabuğundaki Malzemelerin Seçim Ölçütlerine Genel Bir Bakış ve Malzeme Seçim Ölçütlerinin Türkiye’de Uygulanabilirliğinin Tartışılması

Öz

Kaynakların verimsiz kullanılması, fosil yakıt tüketimindeki artış, kentleşme ve buna bağlı gerçekleşen bina üretimi binalardan kaynaklı çevresel etkilerin son yıllarda hızla artmasına neden olmuştur. Malzeme seçimi ve malzemelerin yaşam dönemi performansının dikkate alınması sürdürülebilirliği sağlamanın temel unsurlarından biridir. Binaların çevre üzerindeki büyük miktardaki etkisi, binada kullanılan yapı malzemelerine dayanmaktadır. Birçok çalışma malzeme seçiminin enerji tüketimi ve çevresel etkiler üzerinde büyük etkisi olduğunu göstermektedir. Farklı malzeme seçim yöntemleri ve modelleri bulunmaktadır. Bu çalışmada, farklı çalışmalardan sistematik bir yaklaşımla materyal seçim yaklaşımları özetlenmiş ve yaklaşımların Türkiye'de uygunlabilirliği ele alınmıştır. Çalışma, malzeme seçiminin karmaşık bir problem olduğunu ve malzeme seçiminin yaşam döngüsü perspektifinden ele alınması gerektiğini ortaya koymaktadır. Malzeme seçim yönteminin geliştirilmesi karmaşık bir sorun olmasıyla birlikte, uygulanması da bazı kısıtlardan dolayı sınırlı olarak gerçekleşebilmektedir. Malzeme seçim ölçütlerinin dikkate alınarak uygulanması Türkiye açısından veri veya standart eksikliği gibi nedenlerden dolayı henüz uygulanabilir değildir. Ancak bu alandaki çalışmaların devam ettiği bilinmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Yapı Malzemesi Seçimi
• Yaşam Döngüsü Değerlendirmesi
• Çevresel Etki

An Overview to Reducing Environmental Impacts with Material Selection in Building Vertical Envelope and Discussion Material Selection Guidelines for Turkey

Abstract

The inefficient use of resources, increased consumption of fossil fuels, urbanization, and the resultant rise in building production have significantly escalated the environmental impacts of buildings in recent years. Material selection and the consideration of the life-cycle performance of materials are fundamental to ensuring sustainability. A substantial portion of a building's environmental impact is attributed to the materials utilized in its construction. Numerous studies indicate that material selection profoundly affects energy consumption and environmental impacts. Various methods and models exist for material selection. This study systematically summarizes material selection approaches from different research studies and discusses their applicability in Turkey. The findings reveal that material selection is a complex issue that should be considered from a life-cycle perspective. Although developing a comprehensive material selection method is challenging, its implementation is constrained by factors such as lack of data and standards. Consequently, considering material selection criteria is not yet feasible for Turkey. Nonetheless, research in this field is ongoing.

Keywords

• Building Material Selection
• Life Cycle Assesment
• Environmental Impact

Kaynakça

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