Adsorption of Anionic Dyes Using Turkish Coffee Waste: Efficiency and Mechanism

Abstract

Turkish coffee waste (TCW), an organic by-product, was employed for the adsorption-based removal of Reactive Red 195 (RR195) dye from aqueous solutions. The study explored various parameters including pH (ranging from 3 to 9), initial RR195 concentration (5-500 mg/L), contact time (1-360 minutes), and adsorbent dosage (0.5-20 g/L). In a batch system, these experiments achieved a significant removal efficiency of 89% under optimal conditions. The pseudo-second-order (PSO) kinetic model provided the most accurate representation of the kinetics of RR195 removal by TCW. Additionally, the adsorption equilibrium data aligned well with the Freundlich isotherm model. The maximum adsorption capacity of TCW for RR195 was found to be 63.5 mg/g. These findings confirm that TCW can effectively remove RR195 through adsorption without requiring any pre-treatment.

Keywords

• Adsorption
• Low-Cost adsorbent
• Reactive red 195
• Turkish coffee waste

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