Investigation Ion Balance, Enrichment and Neutralization Factors in Iskenderun Gulf's Precipitation

Sermin Örnektekin; Sinem Çolak

Investigation Ion Balance, Enrichment and Neutralization Factors in Iskenderun Gulf's Precipitation

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to investigate the ion balance, enrichment (EFc) and neutralisation (NF) factors of precipitation in the Gulf of Iskenderun. There are several different industries in the Gulf region. pH, conductivity, anion, cation and trace element analyses were performed in precipitation samples (n=153) from five different locations. Ion chromatography (IC) was used for quantitative analysis of anions (sulphate, nitrate, chloride) in rainwater samples. Inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-AES) was used for cation and trace element (Ca, Ba, Mg, K, Ca, Li, Fe, Mn, Na, Cr, Ni, Cu, Al, Pb) analysis. Among the anthropogenic elements, the highest concentrations were found for Mn, Pb, and Fe. The ratio of cations to anions was found to be 1.0. The enrichment and neutralization factors of elemental concentrations also revealed the change in 10 years. In all locations, EFc values decreased within 10 years, indicating a decrease in pollutant concentrations. However, ion and element values are still high in precipitation in the region. To prepare a clean air plan in the region, it is suggested that the number of sampling sites where rainwater is taken should be increased, continuous measurements should be made with automatic devices and regular reports should be obtained on a yearly basis. On 6 February 2023, two earthquakes with magnitudes of 7.8 and 7.5 occurred in Türkiye and caused major damage in Iskenderun Gulf. This study provides valuable information on the use of post-earthquake rainwater analyses in Iskenderun Gulf.

Keywords

Supporting Institution

Mustafa Kemal University (BAP-01Y0102)

Project Number

BAP-01Y0102

Ethical Statement

This study does not require ethics committee permission or any special permission.

Thanks

This study is based on master thesis and I would also like to thank my advisor Prof. Dr. Sermin ÖRNEKTEKİN.

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Details

Primary Language

English

Subjects

Environmental Assessment and Monitoring

Journal Section

Research Article

Authors

Sermin Örnektekin
0000-0003-2102-5832
Türkiye

Sinem Çolak ^*
0000-0001-6731-327X
Türkiye

Publication Date

June 30, 2025

Submission Date

June 16, 2025

Acceptance Date

June 24, 2025

Published in Issue

Year 2025 Volume: 20 Number: 2

IZ

https://izlik.org/JA67YG63SW

Cite

RIS / Bibtex

APA

Örnektekin, S., & Çolak, S. (2025). Investigation Ion Balance, Enrichment and Neutralization Factors in Iskenderun Gulf’s Precipitation. Journal of International Environmental Application and Science, 20(2), 149-157. https://izlik.org/JA67YG63SW

AMA

1.Örnektekin S, Çolak S. Investigation Ion Balance, Enrichment and Neutralization Factors in Iskenderun Gulf’s Precipitation. J. Int. Environmental Application & Science. 2025;20(2):149-157. https://izlik.org/JA67YG63SW

Chicago

Örnektekin, Sermin, and Sinem Çolak. 2025. “Investigation Ion Balance, Enrichment and Neutralization Factors in Iskenderun Gulf’s Precipitation”. Journal of International Environmental Application and Science 20 (2): 149-57. https://izlik.org/JA67YG63SW.

EndNote

Örnektekin S, Çolak S (June 1, 2025) Investigation Ion Balance, Enrichment and Neutralization Factors in Iskenderun Gulf’s Precipitation. Journal of International Environmental Application and Science 20 2 149–157.

IEEE

[1]S. Örnektekin and S. Çolak, “Investigation Ion Balance, Enrichment and Neutralization Factors in Iskenderun Gulf’s Precipitation”, J. Int. Environmental Application & Science, vol. 20, no. 2, pp. 149–157, June 2025, [Online]. Available: https://izlik.org/JA67YG63SW

ISNAD

Örnektekin, Sermin - Çolak, Sinem. “Investigation Ion Balance, Enrichment and Neutralization Factors in Iskenderun Gulf’s Precipitation”. Journal of International Environmental Application and Science 20/2 (June 1, 2025): 149-157. https://izlik.org/JA67YG63SW.

JAMA

1.Örnektekin S, Çolak S. Investigation Ion Balance, Enrichment and Neutralization Factors in Iskenderun Gulf’s Precipitation. J. Int. Environmental Application & Science. 2025;20:149–157.

MLA

Örnektekin, Sermin, and Sinem Çolak. “Investigation Ion Balance, Enrichment and Neutralization Factors in Iskenderun Gulf’s Precipitation”. Journal of International Environmental Application and Science, vol. 20, no. 2, June 2025, pp. 149-57, https://izlik.org/JA67YG63SW.

Vancouver

1.Sermin Örnektekin, Sinem Çolak. Investigation Ion Balance, Enrichment and Neutralization Factors in Iskenderun Gulf’s Precipitation. J. Int. Environmental Application & Science [Internet]. 2025 Jun. 1;20(2):149-57. Available from: https://izlik.org/JA67YG63SW