Araştırma Makalesi
BibTex RIS Kaynak Göster
Yıl 2017, Cilt: 12 Sayı: 2, 147 - 153, 30.06.2017

Öz

Kaynakça

  • Aksoy B, (1997) Variations and Trends in Global Solar Radiation for Turkey. Theor. Appl. Climatol., 58, 71-78.
  • Aksoy B, 1999. Analysis of Changes in Sunshine Duration Data for Ankara, Turkey. Theor. Appl. Climatol., 64, 229-237.
  • Boucher, O., G. Myhre and A. Myhre, 2004. Direct Human Influence of Irrigation on Atmospheric Water Vapour & Climate. Climate Dynamics, 22, 597–603.
  • Chen R, Kang E, Ji X, Yang J, Zhang Z, (2006) Trends of the Global Radiation and Sunshine Hours in 1961–1998 and Their Relationships in China. Energy Conversion & Management, 47, 2859-2866.
  • Chung U, ChoiJ, Yun JI, 2004. Urbanization Effect the Observed Change in Mean Monthly Temperatures Between 1951–1980 and 1971–2000 in Korea. Climatic Change, 66, 127–136.
  • Draper NR, Smith H, (1981) Applied Regression Analysis, John Wiley & Sons Inc., New York, 708pp.
  • GAP, (2007) http//www.gap.gov.tr.
  • Kahya E, Kalaycı S, 2004. Trend Analysis of Streamflow in Turkey. J. Hydrology, 289, 128-144.
  • Kalnay E, Cai M, (2003) Impact of Urbanization and Land-Use Change on Climate. Nature, 423, 528-531.
  • Karaca M, Tayanç M, Toros H, (1995) Effects of Urbanization on Climate of Istanbul and Ankara. Atmos. Environ., 29, 3411–3421.
  • Karl TR, Diaz HF, Kukla G, 1998. Urbanization: Its Detection and Effects in the United States Climate Record. Journal of Climate, 1, 1099-1123.
  • Power, H.C., 2003. Trends in Solar Radiation over Germany and Assessment of Aerosols and Sunshine Duration. Theor. Appl. Climatol., 76, 47-63.
  • Proedrou M., Theoharatos G, Cartalis, (1977) Variations and Trends in Annual and Seasonal Air Temperature in Greece Determined from Ground and Satellite Measurements, Theor. Appl. Climatol., 57, 65–78.
  • Serrano A, Mateos VL, García JA, 1999. Trend Analysis of Monthly Precipitation over the Iberian Peninsula for the Period 1921–1995. Phys. Chem. Earth (B), 20, 85–90.
  • Siegel S, Jr NJ. Castellan, 1988. Nonparametric statistics for the Behavioral Sciences, McGraw-Hill, Inc. New York, 399pp. Sneyers R, (1990) On the Statistical Analysis of Series of Observations. WMO Technical Note 43, World Meteorological Organization, Geneva.
  • Stanhill G, Cohen S, (2001) Global Dimming: A Review of the Evidence for a Widespread and Significant Reduction in Global Radiation with Discussion of its Probable Causes and Possible Agricultural Consequences. Agric. For. Meteorol., 107, 255-278. TUIK, (2007) http://www.tuik.gov.tr.
  • Türkeş M, Sümer UM, Demir I, (2002) Re-evaluation of trends and changes in mean, maximum and minimum temperatures of Turkey for the period 1929–1999. Int J. Climatol., 22, 947–977.
  • Tonkaz T, Çetin M, Şimşek M, (2003) Observed Changes of Some Climatic Parameters of Şanliurfa Province (in Turkish with English abstract). J. Agric. Fac. CÜ, 18, 29–38.
  • Yu Y, Zou S, Whittemore D, (1993) Non-parametric Trend Analysis of Water Quality Data of Rivers in Kansas. J. Hydrology, 150, 61-80. Yue S, Hashino M, (2003) Temperature Trends in Japan: 1900–1996. Theor Appl Climat., 75, 15-27.

Long-Term Trends of Sunshine Durations in Relation with Cloudiness and Relative Humidity in GAP Area, Turkey

Yıl 2017, Cilt: 12 Sayı: 2, 147 - 153, 30.06.2017

Öz

Long-term trends of
monthly mean sunshine durations were analyzed utilizing non parametric tests
for Southeastern Anatolian Project (GAP) region. Correlation coefficients
between sunshine durations and relative humidity and cloudiness variable were
determined over the years. Climatic data between 1970 and 2005 from nine
meteorological stations scattered in the region were collected and used. The
non-parametric test results revealed that an upward trend was dominant
especially in the summer and early autumn months. Mann-Kendall test indicated
that the strongest trend was in August at Gaziantep station with Z value of
-6.63. Therefore, declining significant trends never observed in the months of
January, February, March, November, and December. Although, the highest upward
trend was observed in April at Mardin station, there was no significant rising
trend in the whole region for the same month. Cloudiness and relative humidity
data was satisfactorily explained the variation in sunshine durations. A common
significant negative correlation was found using non parametric test between
sunshine duration and relative humidity and cloudiness series. There were also
a few positive correlations, but none of them was significant. Additionally,
basic linear regression equation was employed in order to determine changes in
sunshine duration that Gaziantep station showed the highest decrease in July
with a value of 0.13 hours per year. Downward trends of sunshine duration could
be attributed to air quality changes which could affect adversely the
hydrological cycle and agricultural production. The overall findings support the
view that there is a climate change regionally or globally.

Kaynakça

  • Aksoy B, (1997) Variations and Trends in Global Solar Radiation for Turkey. Theor. Appl. Climatol., 58, 71-78.
  • Aksoy B, 1999. Analysis of Changes in Sunshine Duration Data for Ankara, Turkey. Theor. Appl. Climatol., 64, 229-237.
  • Boucher, O., G. Myhre and A. Myhre, 2004. Direct Human Influence of Irrigation on Atmospheric Water Vapour & Climate. Climate Dynamics, 22, 597–603.
  • Chen R, Kang E, Ji X, Yang J, Zhang Z, (2006) Trends of the Global Radiation and Sunshine Hours in 1961–1998 and Their Relationships in China. Energy Conversion & Management, 47, 2859-2866.
  • Chung U, ChoiJ, Yun JI, 2004. Urbanization Effect the Observed Change in Mean Monthly Temperatures Between 1951–1980 and 1971–2000 in Korea. Climatic Change, 66, 127–136.
  • Draper NR, Smith H, (1981) Applied Regression Analysis, John Wiley & Sons Inc., New York, 708pp.
  • GAP, (2007) http//www.gap.gov.tr.
  • Kahya E, Kalaycı S, 2004. Trend Analysis of Streamflow in Turkey. J. Hydrology, 289, 128-144.
  • Kalnay E, Cai M, (2003) Impact of Urbanization and Land-Use Change on Climate. Nature, 423, 528-531.
  • Karaca M, Tayanç M, Toros H, (1995) Effects of Urbanization on Climate of Istanbul and Ankara. Atmos. Environ., 29, 3411–3421.
  • Karl TR, Diaz HF, Kukla G, 1998. Urbanization: Its Detection and Effects in the United States Climate Record. Journal of Climate, 1, 1099-1123.
  • Power, H.C., 2003. Trends in Solar Radiation over Germany and Assessment of Aerosols and Sunshine Duration. Theor. Appl. Climatol., 76, 47-63.
  • Proedrou M., Theoharatos G, Cartalis, (1977) Variations and Trends in Annual and Seasonal Air Temperature in Greece Determined from Ground and Satellite Measurements, Theor. Appl. Climatol., 57, 65–78.
  • Serrano A, Mateos VL, García JA, 1999. Trend Analysis of Monthly Precipitation over the Iberian Peninsula for the Period 1921–1995. Phys. Chem. Earth (B), 20, 85–90.
  • Siegel S, Jr NJ. Castellan, 1988. Nonparametric statistics for the Behavioral Sciences, McGraw-Hill, Inc. New York, 399pp. Sneyers R, (1990) On the Statistical Analysis of Series of Observations. WMO Technical Note 43, World Meteorological Organization, Geneva.
  • Stanhill G, Cohen S, (2001) Global Dimming: A Review of the Evidence for a Widespread and Significant Reduction in Global Radiation with Discussion of its Probable Causes and Possible Agricultural Consequences. Agric. For. Meteorol., 107, 255-278. TUIK, (2007) http://www.tuik.gov.tr.
  • Türkeş M, Sümer UM, Demir I, (2002) Re-evaluation of trends and changes in mean, maximum and minimum temperatures of Turkey for the period 1929–1999. Int J. Climatol., 22, 947–977.
  • Tonkaz T, Çetin M, Şimşek M, (2003) Observed Changes of Some Climatic Parameters of Şanliurfa Province (in Turkish with English abstract). J. Agric. Fac. CÜ, 18, 29–38.
  • Yu Y, Zou S, Whittemore D, (1993) Non-parametric Trend Analysis of Water Quality Data of Rivers in Kansas. J. Hydrology, 150, 61-80. Yue S, Hashino M, (2003) Temperature Trends in Japan: 1900–1996. Theor Appl Climat., 75, 15-27.
Toplam 19 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Bölüm Makaleler
Yazarlar

Tahsin Tonkaz Bu kişi benim

Sevda Ocak

Yayımlanma Tarihi 30 Haziran 2017
Kabul Tarihi 16 Haziran 2017
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2017 Cilt: 12 Sayı: 2

Kaynak Göster

APA Tonkaz, T., & Ocak, S. (2017). Long-Term Trends of Sunshine Durations in Relation with Cloudiness and Relative Humidity in GAP Area, Turkey. Journal of International Environmental Application and Science, 12(2), 147-153.
AMA Tonkaz T, Ocak S. Long-Term Trends of Sunshine Durations in Relation with Cloudiness and Relative Humidity in GAP Area, Turkey. J. Int. Environmental Application & Science. Haziran 2017;12(2):147-153.
Chicago Tonkaz, Tahsin, ve Sevda Ocak. “Long-Term Trends of Sunshine Durations in Relation With Cloudiness and Relative Humidity in GAP Area, Turkey”. Journal of International Environmental Application and Science 12, sy. 2 (Haziran 2017): 147-53.
EndNote Tonkaz T, Ocak S (01 Haziran 2017) Long-Term Trends of Sunshine Durations in Relation with Cloudiness and Relative Humidity in GAP Area, Turkey. Journal of International Environmental Application and Science 12 2 147–153.
IEEE T. Tonkaz ve S. Ocak, “Long-Term Trends of Sunshine Durations in Relation with Cloudiness and Relative Humidity in GAP Area, Turkey”, J. Int. Environmental Application & Science, c. 12, sy. 2, ss. 147–153, 2017.
ISNAD Tonkaz, Tahsin - Ocak, Sevda. “Long-Term Trends of Sunshine Durations in Relation With Cloudiness and Relative Humidity in GAP Area, Turkey”. Journal of International Environmental Application and Science 12/2 (Haziran 2017), 147-153.
JAMA Tonkaz T, Ocak S. Long-Term Trends of Sunshine Durations in Relation with Cloudiness and Relative Humidity in GAP Area, Turkey. J. Int. Environmental Application & Science. 2017;12:147–153.
MLA Tonkaz, Tahsin ve Sevda Ocak. “Long-Term Trends of Sunshine Durations in Relation With Cloudiness and Relative Humidity in GAP Area, Turkey”. Journal of International Environmental Application and Science, c. 12, sy. 2, 2017, ss. 147-53.
Vancouver Tonkaz T, Ocak S. Long-Term Trends of Sunshine Durations in Relation with Cloudiness and Relative Humidity in GAP Area, Turkey. J. Int. Environmental Application & Science. 2017;12(2):147-53.

“Journal of International Environmental Application and Science”