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Yıl 2023, Cilt: 18 Sayı: 1, 33 - 39, 30.03.2023

Öz

Kaynakça

  • Aciego Pietri JC, Brookes PC, (2008) Relationships between soil pH and microbial properties in a UK arable soil. Soil Biol Biochem 40: 1856–1861. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soilbio.2008.03.020
  • Agegnehu G, Bird MI, Nelson PN, Bass AM (2015) The ameliorating effects of biochar and compost on soil quality and plant growth on a Ferralsol. Soil. Res., 53: 1–12. https://doi.org/10.1071/SR14118
  • Amézketa E, (1999) Soil aggregate stability: A review. J. Sustain. Agric., 14: 83–151. https://doi.org/10.1300/J064v14n02_08
  • Bernal MP, Alburquerque JA, Moral R (2009) Composting of animal manures and chemical criteria for compost maturity assessment. A review. Bioresour. Technol., 100: 5444–5453. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2008.11.027
  • Biederman LA, Stanley Harpole W, (2013) Biochar and its effects on plant productivity and nutrient cycling: A meta-analysis. GCB Bioenergy 5: 202–214. https://doi.org/10.1111/gcbb.12037
  • Carvalho IT, Santos L, (2016) Antibiotics in the aquatic environments: A review of the European scenario. Environ Int., 94: 736–757. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envint.2016.06.025
  • Chan KY, Xu Z, (2009) Biochar: Nutrient Properties and Their Enhancement. In: Lehmann, J. and Joseph, S., Eds., Biochar for Environmental Management: Science and Technology, Earthscan, London, UK, (5 ed., pp. 67-84). Earthscan
  • Crombie K, Mašek O, Cross A, Sohi S, (2015) Biochar - synergies and trade-offs between soil enhancing properties and C sequestration potential. GCB Bioenergy 7: 1161–1175. https://doi.org/10.1111/gcbb.12213
  • Dai Y, Zhang N, Xing C, Cui Q, Sun Q, (2019) The adsorption, regeneration and engineering applications of biochar for removal organic pollutants: A review. Chemosphere 223: 12–27. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.01.161
  • Domene X, Hanley K, Enders A, Lehmann J (2015) Short-term mesofauna responses to soil additions of corn stover biochar and the role of microbial biomass. Appl Soil Ecol., 89: 10–17. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsoil.2014.12.005
  • Domene X, Mattana S, Hanley K, et al (2014) Medium-term effects of corn biochar addition on soil biota activities and functions in a temperate soil cropped to corn. Soil Biol Biochem., 72: 152–162. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soilbio.2014.01.035
  • Ennis CJ, Evans AG, Islam M, et al (2012) Biochar: Carbon sequestration, land remediation, and impacts on soil microbiology. Crit Rev Environ Sci Technol., 42: 2311–2364. https://doi.org/10.1080/10643389.2011.574115
  • Gell K, van Groenigen JW, Cayuela ML (2011) Residues of bioenergy production chains as soil amendments: Immediate and temporal phytotoxicity. J Hazard Mater., 186: 2017–2025. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2010.12.105
  • Jaafar NM, Clode PL, Abbott LK (2014) Microscopy observations of habitable space in biochar for colonization by fungal hyphae from soil. J Integr Agric., 13: 483–490. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2095-3119(13)60703-0
  • Jeffery S, Verheijen FGA, van der Velde M, Bastos AC (2011) A quantitative review of the effects of biochar application to soils on crop productivity using meta-analysis. Agric Ecosyst Environ., 144: 175–187. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agee.2011.08.015
  • Klasson KT, Ledbetter CA, Uchimiya M, Lima IM (2013) Activated biochar removes 100 % dibromochloropropane from field well water. Environ Chem Lett., 11: 271–275. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10311-012-0398-7
  • Kookana RS, Sarmah AK, Van Zwieten L, et al (2011) Biochar application to soil. agronomic and environmental benefits and unintended consequences. Adv Agron., 112: 103–143. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-385538-1.00003-2
  • Laird D, Fleming P, Wang B, et al (2010) Biochar impact on nutrient leaching from a Midwestern agricultural soil. Geoderma 158:436–442. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoderma.2010.05.012
  • Lehmann J, Rillig MC, Thies J, et al (2011) Biochar effects on soil biota - A review. Soil Biol Biochem., 43: 1812–1836. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soilbio.2011.04.022
  • Li H, Dong X, da Silva EB, de Oliveira LM, Chen Y, Ma LQ, (2017) Mechanisms of metal sorption by biochars: Biochar characteristics and modifications. Chemosphere 178: 466–478. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2017.03.072
  • Lian F, Xing B, (2017) Black Carbon (Biochar) in Water/Soil Environments: Molecular Structure, Sorption, Stability, and Potential Risk. Environ Sci Technol., 51: 13517–13532. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.7b02528
  • Liang B, Lehmann J, Sohi SP,. Thies JE,’Neill BO, Trujillo L, ohn Gaunt J, Solomon D, Grossman J, Neves EG, Luizão FJ, (2010) Black carbon affects the cycling of non-black carbon in soil. Org Geochem., 41: 206–213. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.orggeochem.2009.09.007
  • Liesch AM, Weyers SL, Gaskin JW, Das KC, (2010) Impact of two different biochars on Earthworm growth and survival. Ann Environ Sci., 4: 1–9
  • Lin Y, Munroe P, Joseph S, et al (2012) Water extractable organic carbon in untreated and chemical treated biochars. Chemosphere 87: 151–157. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2011.12.007
  • Liu E, Yan C, Mei X, et al (2010) Long-term effect of chemical fertilizer, straw, and manure on soil chemical and biological properties in northwest China. Geoderma, 158: 173–180. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoderma.2010.04.029
  • Liu J, Schulz H, Brandl S, et al (2012) Short-term effect of biochar and compost on soil fertility and water status of a Dystric Cambisol in NE Germany under field conditions. J Plant Nutr Soil Sci., 175: 698–707. https://doi.org/10.1002/jpln.201100172
  • Lu SG, Sun FF, Zong YT (2014) Effect of rice husk biochar and coal fly ash on some physical properties of expansive clayey soil (Vertisol). Catena 114: 37–44. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.catena.2013.10.014
  • Masto RE, Ansari MA, George J, et al (2013) Co-application of biochar and lignite fly ash on soil nutrients and biological parameters at different crop growth stages of Zea mays. Ecol Eng., 58: 314–322. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoleng.2013.07.011
  • Mohanty SK, Cantrell KB, Nelson KL, Boehm AB (2014) Efficacy of biochar to remove Escherichia coli from stormwater under steady and intermittent flow. Water Res., 61: 288–296. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2014.05.026
  • Mukherjee A, Lal R (2014) The biochar dilemma. Soil Res 52:217–230. https://doi.org/10.1071/SR13359
  • Mukherjee A, Lal R (2013) Biochar Impacts on Soil Physical Properties and Greenhouse Gas Emissions. Agronomy, 3: 313–339. https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy3020313
  • Mukherjee A, Zimmerman AR (2013) Organic carbon and nutrient release from a range of laboratory-produced biochars and biochar-soil mixtures. Geoderma 193–194: 122–130. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoderma.2012.10.002
  • Nelissen V, Ruysschaert G, Manka’Abusi D, et al (2015) Impact of a woody biochar on properties of a sandy loam soil and spring barley during a two-year field experiment. Eur J Agron 62:65–78. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eja.2014.09.006
  • Palansooriya KN, Ok YS, Awad YM, et al (2019) Impacts of biochar application on upland agriculture: A review. J Environ Manage., 234: 52–64. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2018.12.085
  • Pradhananga R, Adhikari L, Shrestha R, et al (2017) Wool Carpet Dye Adsorption on Nanoporous Carbon Materials Derived from Agro-Product. C 3:12. https://doi.org/10.3390/c3020012
  • Purakayastha TJ, Bera T, Bhaduri D, et al. (2019) A review on biochar modulated soil condition improvements and nutrient dynamics concerning crop yields: Pathways to climate change mitigation and global food security. Chemosphere 227: 345–365. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.03.170
  • Qambrani NA, Rahman MM, Won S, et al. (2017) Biochar properties and eco-friendly applications for climate change mitigation, waste management, and wastewater treatment: A review. Renew Sustain Energy Rev., 79: 255–273. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2017.05.057
  • Schmidt HP, Kammann C, Niggli C, et al. (2014) Biochar and biochar-compost as soil amendments to a vineyard soil: Influences on plant growth, nutrient uptake, plant health and grape quality. Agric Ecosyst Environ., 191: 117–123. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agee.2014.04.001
  • Schulz H, Glaser B (2012) Effects of biochar compared to organic and inorganic fertilizers on soil quality and plant growth in a greenhouse experiment. J Plant Nutr Soil Sci., 175: 410–422. https://doi.org/10.1002/jpln.201100143
  • Sohi S, Lopez-Capel E, Krull E, Bol R (2009) Biochar, climate change and soil: A review to guide future research CSIRO Land and Water Science Report 05/09, 64.
  • Sohi SP, Krull E, Lopez-Capel E, Bol R, (2010) A review of biochar and its use and function in soil. In: Advances in Agronomy. Academic Press Inc., pp 47–82
  • Stewart CE, Zheng J, Botte J, Cotrufo MF, (2013) Co-generated fast pyrolysis biochar mitigates green-house gas emissions and increases carbon sequestration in temperate soils. GCB Bioenergy 5: 153–164. https://doi.org/10.1111/gcbb.12001
  • Turner ER (1955) The effect of certain adsorbents on the nodulation of clover plants. Ann Bot 19:149–160. https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.aob.a083415
  • Vanlauwe B, Bationo A, Chianu J, et al (2010) Integrated soil fertility management: Operational definition and consequences for implementation and dissemination. Outlook Agric 39:17–24. https://doi.org/10.5367/000000010791169998
  • Wang M, Zhu Y, Cheng L, et al. (2018) Review on utilization of biochar for metal-contaminated soil and sediment remediation. J Environ Sci (China) 63: 156–173. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jes.2017.08.004
  • Warnock DD, Lehmann J, Kuyper TW, Rillig MC, (2007) Mycorrhizal responses to biochar in soil - Concepts and mechanisms. Plant Soil 300:9–20. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-007-9391-5
  • Xu X, Cao X, Zhao L, et al. (2013) Removal of Cu, Zn, and Cd from aqueous solutions by the dairy manure-derived biochar. Environ Sci Pollut. Res., 20: 358–368. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-012-0873-5
  • Younis U, Malik SA, Rizwan M, et al (2016) Biochar enhances the cadmium tolerance in spinach (Spinacia oleracea) through modification of Cd uptake and physiological and biochemical attributes. Environ Sci Pollut Res 23:21385–21394. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-016-7344-3
  • Zhang F, Wang X, Yin D, et al (2015) Efficiency and mechanisms of Cd removal from aqueous solution by biochar derived from water hyacinth (Eichornia crassipes). J Environ Manage., 153: 68–73. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2015.01.043
  • Zhang P, Sun H, Min L, Ren C, (2018) Biochars change the sorption and degradation of thiacloprid in soil: Insights into chemical and biological mechanisms. Environ Pollut, 236: 158–167. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2018.01.030
  • Zhao J, Liang G, Zhang X, et al. (2019) Coating magnetic biochar with humic acid for high efficient removal of fluoroquinolone antibiotics in water. Sci Total Environ., 688: 1205–1215. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.06.287
  • Zhou Y, Gao B, Zimmerman AR, et al (2013) Sorption of heavy metals on chitosan-modified biochars and its biological effects. Chem Eng J., 231: 512–518. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2013.07.036
  • Zhou Y, Liu X, Xiang Y, et al. (2017) Modification of biochar derived from sawdust and its application in removal of tetracycline and copper from aqueous solution: Adsorption mechanism and modelling. Bioresour Technol., 245: 266–273. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2017.08.178

Biochar – An essential component for soil enhancement, plant development and environmental cleanup

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 18 Sayı: 1, 33 - 39, 30.03.2023

Öz

Biochar is a valuable product that can be produced in combination with bio-energy in a cascading approach to make the best use of available resources. It is persistent and beneficial to the soil. This review systematically analyzed and summarize the beneficial aspects of biochar for soil quality improvement, plant growth and environmental remediation. Also, this review provides an overview of the research conducted on biochar till data in Nepal. Study reported the effects of biochar depend on the quality of materials and the type of soil where it is going to be utilized. If site-specific soil limits and nutrient/water limitations are reduced by proper biochar formulations, crop yields significantly rise. The application of biochar in carbon sequestration should be further investigated at similar experimental conditions to obtain consistent results. A study suggested that the effect of biochar on soil microbes should be further investigated to elucidate the dominant reason for the improvement of soil fertility based on different soil and feedstock. In summary, biochar has a wide application prospect in environmental remediation and should be further investigated.

Kaynakça

  • Aciego Pietri JC, Brookes PC, (2008) Relationships between soil pH and microbial properties in a UK arable soil. Soil Biol Biochem 40: 1856–1861. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soilbio.2008.03.020
  • Agegnehu G, Bird MI, Nelson PN, Bass AM (2015) The ameliorating effects of biochar and compost on soil quality and plant growth on a Ferralsol. Soil. Res., 53: 1–12. https://doi.org/10.1071/SR14118
  • Amézketa E, (1999) Soil aggregate stability: A review. J. Sustain. Agric., 14: 83–151. https://doi.org/10.1300/J064v14n02_08
  • Bernal MP, Alburquerque JA, Moral R (2009) Composting of animal manures and chemical criteria for compost maturity assessment. A review. Bioresour. Technol., 100: 5444–5453. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2008.11.027
  • Biederman LA, Stanley Harpole W, (2013) Biochar and its effects on plant productivity and nutrient cycling: A meta-analysis. GCB Bioenergy 5: 202–214. https://doi.org/10.1111/gcbb.12037
  • Carvalho IT, Santos L, (2016) Antibiotics in the aquatic environments: A review of the European scenario. Environ Int., 94: 736–757. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envint.2016.06.025
  • Chan KY, Xu Z, (2009) Biochar: Nutrient Properties and Their Enhancement. In: Lehmann, J. and Joseph, S., Eds., Biochar for Environmental Management: Science and Technology, Earthscan, London, UK, (5 ed., pp. 67-84). Earthscan
  • Crombie K, Mašek O, Cross A, Sohi S, (2015) Biochar - synergies and trade-offs between soil enhancing properties and C sequestration potential. GCB Bioenergy 7: 1161–1175. https://doi.org/10.1111/gcbb.12213
  • Dai Y, Zhang N, Xing C, Cui Q, Sun Q, (2019) The adsorption, regeneration and engineering applications of biochar for removal organic pollutants: A review. Chemosphere 223: 12–27. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.01.161
  • Domene X, Hanley K, Enders A, Lehmann J (2015) Short-term mesofauna responses to soil additions of corn stover biochar and the role of microbial biomass. Appl Soil Ecol., 89: 10–17. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsoil.2014.12.005
  • Domene X, Mattana S, Hanley K, et al (2014) Medium-term effects of corn biochar addition on soil biota activities and functions in a temperate soil cropped to corn. Soil Biol Biochem., 72: 152–162. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soilbio.2014.01.035
  • Ennis CJ, Evans AG, Islam M, et al (2012) Biochar: Carbon sequestration, land remediation, and impacts on soil microbiology. Crit Rev Environ Sci Technol., 42: 2311–2364. https://doi.org/10.1080/10643389.2011.574115
  • Gell K, van Groenigen JW, Cayuela ML (2011) Residues of bioenergy production chains as soil amendments: Immediate and temporal phytotoxicity. J Hazard Mater., 186: 2017–2025. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2010.12.105
  • Jaafar NM, Clode PL, Abbott LK (2014) Microscopy observations of habitable space in biochar for colonization by fungal hyphae from soil. J Integr Agric., 13: 483–490. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2095-3119(13)60703-0
  • Jeffery S, Verheijen FGA, van der Velde M, Bastos AC (2011) A quantitative review of the effects of biochar application to soils on crop productivity using meta-analysis. Agric Ecosyst Environ., 144: 175–187. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agee.2011.08.015
  • Klasson KT, Ledbetter CA, Uchimiya M, Lima IM (2013) Activated biochar removes 100 % dibromochloropropane from field well water. Environ Chem Lett., 11: 271–275. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10311-012-0398-7
  • Kookana RS, Sarmah AK, Van Zwieten L, et al (2011) Biochar application to soil. agronomic and environmental benefits and unintended consequences. Adv Agron., 112: 103–143. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-385538-1.00003-2
  • Laird D, Fleming P, Wang B, et al (2010) Biochar impact on nutrient leaching from a Midwestern agricultural soil. Geoderma 158:436–442. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoderma.2010.05.012
  • Lehmann J, Rillig MC, Thies J, et al (2011) Biochar effects on soil biota - A review. Soil Biol Biochem., 43: 1812–1836. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soilbio.2011.04.022
  • Li H, Dong X, da Silva EB, de Oliveira LM, Chen Y, Ma LQ, (2017) Mechanisms of metal sorption by biochars: Biochar characteristics and modifications. Chemosphere 178: 466–478. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2017.03.072
  • Lian F, Xing B, (2017) Black Carbon (Biochar) in Water/Soil Environments: Molecular Structure, Sorption, Stability, and Potential Risk. Environ Sci Technol., 51: 13517–13532. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.7b02528
  • Liang B, Lehmann J, Sohi SP,. Thies JE,’Neill BO, Trujillo L, ohn Gaunt J, Solomon D, Grossman J, Neves EG, Luizão FJ, (2010) Black carbon affects the cycling of non-black carbon in soil. Org Geochem., 41: 206–213. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.orggeochem.2009.09.007
  • Liesch AM, Weyers SL, Gaskin JW, Das KC, (2010) Impact of two different biochars on Earthworm growth and survival. Ann Environ Sci., 4: 1–9
  • Lin Y, Munroe P, Joseph S, et al (2012) Water extractable organic carbon in untreated and chemical treated biochars. Chemosphere 87: 151–157. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2011.12.007
  • Liu E, Yan C, Mei X, et al (2010) Long-term effect of chemical fertilizer, straw, and manure on soil chemical and biological properties in northwest China. Geoderma, 158: 173–180. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoderma.2010.04.029
  • Liu J, Schulz H, Brandl S, et al (2012) Short-term effect of biochar and compost on soil fertility and water status of a Dystric Cambisol in NE Germany under field conditions. J Plant Nutr Soil Sci., 175: 698–707. https://doi.org/10.1002/jpln.201100172
  • Lu SG, Sun FF, Zong YT (2014) Effect of rice husk biochar and coal fly ash on some physical properties of expansive clayey soil (Vertisol). Catena 114: 37–44. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.catena.2013.10.014
  • Masto RE, Ansari MA, George J, et al (2013) Co-application of biochar and lignite fly ash on soil nutrients and biological parameters at different crop growth stages of Zea mays. Ecol Eng., 58: 314–322. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoleng.2013.07.011
  • Mohanty SK, Cantrell KB, Nelson KL, Boehm AB (2014) Efficacy of biochar to remove Escherichia coli from stormwater under steady and intermittent flow. Water Res., 61: 288–296. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2014.05.026
  • Mukherjee A, Lal R (2014) The biochar dilemma. Soil Res 52:217–230. https://doi.org/10.1071/SR13359
  • Mukherjee A, Lal R (2013) Biochar Impacts on Soil Physical Properties and Greenhouse Gas Emissions. Agronomy, 3: 313–339. https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy3020313
  • Mukherjee A, Zimmerman AR (2013) Organic carbon and nutrient release from a range of laboratory-produced biochars and biochar-soil mixtures. Geoderma 193–194: 122–130. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoderma.2012.10.002
  • Nelissen V, Ruysschaert G, Manka’Abusi D, et al (2015) Impact of a woody biochar on properties of a sandy loam soil and spring barley during a two-year field experiment. Eur J Agron 62:65–78. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eja.2014.09.006
  • Palansooriya KN, Ok YS, Awad YM, et al (2019) Impacts of biochar application on upland agriculture: A review. J Environ Manage., 234: 52–64. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2018.12.085
  • Pradhananga R, Adhikari L, Shrestha R, et al (2017) Wool Carpet Dye Adsorption on Nanoporous Carbon Materials Derived from Agro-Product. C 3:12. https://doi.org/10.3390/c3020012
  • Purakayastha TJ, Bera T, Bhaduri D, et al. (2019) A review on biochar modulated soil condition improvements and nutrient dynamics concerning crop yields: Pathways to climate change mitigation and global food security. Chemosphere 227: 345–365. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.03.170
  • Qambrani NA, Rahman MM, Won S, et al. (2017) Biochar properties and eco-friendly applications for climate change mitigation, waste management, and wastewater treatment: A review. Renew Sustain Energy Rev., 79: 255–273. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2017.05.057
  • Schmidt HP, Kammann C, Niggli C, et al. (2014) Biochar and biochar-compost as soil amendments to a vineyard soil: Influences on plant growth, nutrient uptake, plant health and grape quality. Agric Ecosyst Environ., 191: 117–123. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agee.2014.04.001
  • Schulz H, Glaser B (2012) Effects of biochar compared to organic and inorganic fertilizers on soil quality and plant growth in a greenhouse experiment. J Plant Nutr Soil Sci., 175: 410–422. https://doi.org/10.1002/jpln.201100143
  • Sohi S, Lopez-Capel E, Krull E, Bol R (2009) Biochar, climate change and soil: A review to guide future research CSIRO Land and Water Science Report 05/09, 64.
  • Sohi SP, Krull E, Lopez-Capel E, Bol R, (2010) A review of biochar and its use and function in soil. In: Advances in Agronomy. Academic Press Inc., pp 47–82
  • Stewart CE, Zheng J, Botte J, Cotrufo MF, (2013) Co-generated fast pyrolysis biochar mitigates green-house gas emissions and increases carbon sequestration in temperate soils. GCB Bioenergy 5: 153–164. https://doi.org/10.1111/gcbb.12001
  • Turner ER (1955) The effect of certain adsorbents on the nodulation of clover plants. Ann Bot 19:149–160. https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.aob.a083415
  • Vanlauwe B, Bationo A, Chianu J, et al (2010) Integrated soil fertility management: Operational definition and consequences for implementation and dissemination. Outlook Agric 39:17–24. https://doi.org/10.5367/000000010791169998
  • Wang M, Zhu Y, Cheng L, et al. (2018) Review on utilization of biochar for metal-contaminated soil and sediment remediation. J Environ Sci (China) 63: 156–173. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jes.2017.08.004
  • Warnock DD, Lehmann J, Kuyper TW, Rillig MC, (2007) Mycorrhizal responses to biochar in soil - Concepts and mechanisms. Plant Soil 300:9–20. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-007-9391-5
  • Xu X, Cao X, Zhao L, et al. (2013) Removal of Cu, Zn, and Cd from aqueous solutions by the dairy manure-derived biochar. Environ Sci Pollut. Res., 20: 358–368. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-012-0873-5
  • Younis U, Malik SA, Rizwan M, et al (2016) Biochar enhances the cadmium tolerance in spinach (Spinacia oleracea) through modification of Cd uptake and physiological and biochemical attributes. Environ Sci Pollut Res 23:21385–21394. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-016-7344-3
  • Zhang F, Wang X, Yin D, et al (2015) Efficiency and mechanisms of Cd removal from aqueous solution by biochar derived from water hyacinth (Eichornia crassipes). J Environ Manage., 153: 68–73. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2015.01.043
  • Zhang P, Sun H, Min L, Ren C, (2018) Biochars change the sorption and degradation of thiacloprid in soil: Insights into chemical and biological mechanisms. Environ Pollut, 236: 158–167. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2018.01.030
  • Zhao J, Liang G, Zhang X, et al. (2019) Coating magnetic biochar with humic acid for high efficient removal of fluoroquinolone antibiotics in water. Sci Total Environ., 688: 1205–1215. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.06.287
  • Zhou Y, Gao B, Zimmerman AR, et al (2013) Sorption of heavy metals on chitosan-modified biochars and its biological effects. Chem Eng J., 231: 512–518. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2013.07.036
  • Zhou Y, Liu X, Xiang Y, et al. (2017) Modification of biochar derived from sawdust and its application in removal of tetracycline and copper from aqueous solution: Adsorption mechanism and modelling. Bioresour Technol., 245: 266–273. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2017.08.178
Toplam 53 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Konular Çevre ve Kültür
Bölüm Makaleler
Yazarlar

Sudip Pandey

Yayımlanma Tarihi 30 Mart 2023
Kabul Tarihi 20 Şubat 2023
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2023 Cilt: 18 Sayı: 1

Kaynak Göster

APA Pandey, S. (2023). Biochar – An essential component for soil enhancement, plant development and environmental cleanup. Journal of International Environmental Application and Science, 18(1), 33-39.
AMA Pandey S. Biochar – An essential component for soil enhancement, plant development and environmental cleanup. J. Int. Environmental Application & Science. Mart 2023;18(1):33-39.
Chicago Pandey, Sudip. “Biochar – An Essential Component for Soil Enhancement, Plant Development and Environmental Cleanup”. Journal of International Environmental Application and Science 18, sy. 1 (Mart 2023): 33-39.
EndNote Pandey S (01 Mart 2023) Biochar – An essential component for soil enhancement, plant development and environmental cleanup. Journal of International Environmental Application and Science 18 1 33–39.
IEEE S. Pandey, “Biochar – An essential component for soil enhancement, plant development and environmental cleanup”, J. Int. Environmental Application & Science, c. 18, sy. 1, ss. 33–39, 2023.
ISNAD Pandey, Sudip. “Biochar – An Essential Component for Soil Enhancement, Plant Development and Environmental Cleanup”. Journal of International Environmental Application and Science 18/1 (Mart 2023), 33-39.
JAMA Pandey S. Biochar – An essential component for soil enhancement, plant development and environmental cleanup. J. Int. Environmental Application & Science. 2023;18:33–39.
MLA Pandey, Sudip. “Biochar – An Essential Component for Soil Enhancement, Plant Development and Environmental Cleanup”. Journal of International Environmental Application and Science, c. 18, sy. 1, 2023, ss. 33-39.
Vancouver Pandey S. Biochar – An essential component for soil enhancement, plant development and environmental cleanup. J. Int. Environmental Application & Science. 2023;18(1):33-9.

“Journal of International Environmental Application and Science”