Hydroxyapatite coatings on magnesium based biomaterials

Abstract

Biomaterials can be coated with hydroxyapatite for different purpose. These reasons can be listed as increasing corrosion resistance, increasing biocompatibility, increasing adhesion to bone or tissue etc. Since the use of magnesium-based biomaterials is generally based on biodegradability properties, one of the main tasks of hydroxyapatite coating will be to increase corrosion resistance. In this study, hydroxyapatite coating methods on Mg based biomaterials and methods used to determine corrosion rate are mentioned. These methods are plasma spray coating, electrostatic coating, pulse electroplating, electrophoretic coating, sol-gel deposition, radio frequency magnetron sputtering. As a coating method, especially plasma spray coating is a promising method. The main reason for this is that there is no need for a secondary heat treatment after coating and that homogeneous coatings are obtained.

Keywords

• Magnesium alloys
• Hydroxyapatite
• Coating
• Biomaterials
• Bioactive

References

1. Hagihara K, Fujii K, Matsugaki A, Nakano T (2013) Possibility of Mg- and Ca-based intermetallic compounds as new biodegradable implant materials. Mater Sci Eng C 33(7):4101–4111. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.msec.2013.05.055
2. Wen C, Guan S, Peng L, Ren C, Wang X, Hu Z (2009) Characterization and degradation behavior of AZ31 alloy surface modified by bone-like hydroxyapatite for implant applications. Appl Surf Sci 255(13-14):6433–6438. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsusc.2008.09.078
3. Watanabe T, Yamashita S, Hiraishi M (2001) Effect of surface treatment on the ultrasonic weldability of AZ31B magnesium alloy plate. Keikinzoku/Journal Japan Inst Light Met. https://doi.org/10.2464/jilm.51.521
4. Vignesh RV, Padmanaban R, Govindaraju M (2020) Study on the corrosion and wear characteristics of magnesium alloy AZ91D in simulated body fluids. Bull Mater Sci. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12034-019-1973-3.
5. Bose S, Tarafder S, Bandyopadhyay A (2015) Hydroxyapatite coatings for metallic implants, vol. 7. Elsevier Ltd., 2015.
6. Kannan MB (2015) Hydroxyapatite coating on biodegradable magnesium and magnesium-based alloys. In: Mucalo M (ed) Hydroxyapatite (HAp) Biomedical Applications, Woodhead Publishing, Sawston, pp 289–306. https://doi.org/10.1016/b978-1-78242-033-0.00013-4
7. Hayakawa S (2015) In vitro degradation behavior of hydroxyapatite. Elsevier Ltd, Amsterdam.
8. Staiger MP, Pietak AM, Huadmai J, Dias G (2006) Magnesium and its alloys as orthopedic biomaterials:A review. Biomaterials 27(9):1728–1734. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biomaterials.2005.10.003

9. Song G, Song S (2007) A possible biodegradable magnesium implant material. Adv Eng Mater 9(4):298–302. 2007, https://doi.org/10.1002/adem.200600252
10. Hahn BD et al. (2013) Effect of fluorine addition on the biological performance of hydroxyapatite coatings on Ti by aerosol deposition. J Biomater Appl 27(5):587–594. https://doi.org/10.1177/0885328211415723
11. Chen XB, Birbilis N, Abbott TB (2011) A simple route towards a hydroxyapatite-Mg(OH)2 conversion coating for magnesium. Corros Sci 53(6):2263–2268. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.corsci.2011.03.008
12. Kayali Y, Aslan O, Karabaş M, Ş. Talaş Ş (2016) Corrosion behaviour of single and double layer hydroxyapatite coatings on 316L stainless steel by plasma spray. Prot Met Phys Chem Surfaces 52(6):1079–1085. https://doi.org/10.1134/S2070205116060113
13. Khalajabadi SZ, Abdul Kadir MR, Izman S, Ebrahimi-Kahrizsangi R (2015) Fabrication, bio-corrosion behavior and mechanical properties of a Mg/HA/MgO nanocomposite for biomedical applications. Mater Des 88:1223–1233. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matdes.2015.09.065
14. Rahman M, Li Y, Wen C (2020) HA coating on Mg alloys for biomedical applications: A review. J Magnes Alloy 8(3):929–943. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jma.2020.05.003
15. Lewis G (2017) Nanostructured Hydroxyapatite Coating on Bioalloy Substrates: Current Status and Future Directions. J Adv Nanomater 2(1):65–82. https://doi.org/10.22606/jan.2017.21007
16. Liu H, Jiang W, Malshe A (2009) Coating for Dental and Orthopedic Implants. Jom 61(9):67–69.
17. Baslayici S, Bugdayci M, Acma ME (2021) Corrosion behaviour of hydroxyapatite coatings on AZ31 and AZ91 magnesium alloys by plasma spray. J Ceram Process Res 22(1):98–105. https://doi.org/10.36410/jcpr.2021.22.1.98
18. Galicia G, Pébère N, Tribollet B, Vivier V (2009) Local and global electrochemical impedances applied to the corrosion behaviour of an AZ91 magnesium alloy. Corros Sci 51(8):1789–1794. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.corsci.2009.05.005
19. Sun L, Berndt C, Gross KA, Kucuk A (2001) Material fundamentals and clinical performance of plasma-sprayed hydroxyapatite coatings: A review. J Biomed Mater Res 58(5):570–592. https://doi.org/10.1002/jbm.1056
20. Esmaily M et al. (2017). Fundamentals and advances in magnesium alloy corrosion. Prog Mater Sci 89:92–193. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pmatsci.2017.04.011
21. Wang L., Shinohara T., Zhang BP (2010) Influence of chloride, sulfate and bicarbonate anions on the corrosion behavior of AZ31 magnesium alloy. J Alloys Compd. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2010.02.088.
22. Wang L, Shinohara T, Zhang BP, Iwai H (2009) Characterization of surface products on AZ31 magnesium alloy in dilute NaCl solution. J Alloys Compd. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2009.06.071.
23. Xin Y, Liu C, Huo K, Tang G, Tian X, Chu PK (2009) Corrosion behavior of ZrN/Zr coated biomedical AZ91 magnesium alloy. Surf Coatings Technol 203(17–18):2554–2557. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.surfcoat.2009.02.074
24. Ballerini G, Bardi U, Bignucolo R, Ceraolo G (2005) About some corrosion mechanisms of AZ91D magnesium alloy. Corros Sci 47(9):2173–2184. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.corsci.2004.09.018