Synthesis, characterization and in vitro application of rare earth element-doped MoO₃ nanomaterial for photodynamic therapy in prostate cancer

Abstract

Photodynamic therapy (PDT) has been gaining increasing importance as an alternative approach in prostate cancer treatment. The optimization of photosensitizers and the development of targeted delivery systems are key research areas aimed at enhancing the efficacy of PDT. Recent studies have demonstrated that integrating PDT with nanotechnology enables the selective targeting of cancer cells while minimizing damage to healthy tissues. Molybdenum trioxide (MoO₃) has attracted attention in biomedical applications due to its chemical stability and light-sensitive properties. Its various polymorphic structures exhibit high sensitivity to photochemical interactions, making it a promising candidate for use as both a photosensitizer and a photothermal agent. When doped with rare earth elements, MoO₃ has been shown to exhibit altered optoelectronic properties and enhanced photodynamic/photothermal activity. This study investigates the photodynamic effects of MoO₃ nanoparticles doped with rare earth elements (Nd, Yb) on prostate cancer cells (PC3). The synthesized nanoparticles will be exposed to laser irradiation at specific wavelengths to evaluate their ability to generate reactive oxygen species (ROS) and induce apoptotic processes. The findings of this study aim to demonstrate the potential of rare-earth-doped MoO₃ as an innovative photosensitizer for cancer therapy.

Keywords

• Photodynamic therapy
• Laser tissue interactions
• Nanoparticle
• Molybdenum trioxide
• Rare earth elements

Prostat kanserinde fotodinamik terapi için nadir toprak elementi katkılı MoO₃ nanomalzemenin sentezi, karakterizasyonu ve in vitro uygulaması

Abstract

Fotodinamik terapi (PDT), prostat kanseri tedavisinde geleneksel yöntemlere alternatif olarak giderek daha fazla önem kazanmaktadır. Özellikle fotoduyarlı maddelerin optimizasyonu ve hedefe yönelik taşıma sistemlerinin geliştirilmesi, PDT’nin etkinliğini artırmaya yönelik temel araştırma alanları arasında yer almaktadır. Son yıllarda yapılan çalışmalar, PDT’nin nanoteknoloji ile entegrasyonunun kanser hücrelerinin seçici olarak hedeflenmesini sağladığını ve sağlıklı dokulara zarar verme riskini minimize ettiğini göstermektedir. Molibden trioksit (MoO₃), kimyasal stabilitesi ve ışığa duyarlı özellikleri nedeniyle tıbbi uygulamalarda dikkat çeken bir materyaldir. Farklı polimorfik yapıları sayesinde fotokimyasal etkileşimlere karşı yüksek duyarlılık sergileyen MoO₃, hem fotosensitizer hem de fototermal ajan olarak kullanılabilme potansiyeline sahiptir. Nadir toprak elementleri ile katkılandığında, optoelektronik özelliklerinin değiştiği ve fotodinamik/ fototermal etkinliğinin arttığı gösterilmiştir. Bu çalışmada, nadir toprak elementleri (Nd, Yb) ile katkılanmış MoO₃ nanopartiküllerinin prostat kanseri hücre hattı (PC3) üzerindeki fotodinamik etkileri incelenecektir. Özel olarak sentezlenen bu nanopartiküller, belirli dalga boylarındaki lazer ışınlarına maruz bırakılarak reaktif oksijen türleri (ROS) üretimi ve apoptotik süreçlerin tetiklenmesi açısından değerlendirilecektir. Çalışmanın bulguları, nadir toprak elementi katkılı MoO₃’ün kanser tedavisinde yenilikçi bir fotosensitizer olarak kullanılma potansiyelini ortaya koymayı amaçlamaktadır.

Keywords

• Lazer doku etkileşimleri
• Nanoparçacık
• Fotodinamik Terapi
• Molibden Trioksit
• Nadir Toprak Elementleri

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