iğdır üniv. fen bil enst. der. Journal of the Institute of Science and Technology 2536-4618 Iğdır Üniversitesi Effects of Dietary Probiotic Supplementation on Growth of Gold Fish (Carassius auratus L. 1758) Japon Balıklarında (Carassius auratus L. 1758) Yeme İlave Edilen Probiyotiklerin Büyüme Performansına Etkiler Doğankaya Levent 06 30 2017 7 2 313 319 08 04 2016 05 27 2017 Copyright © 2011, Iğdır Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Dergisi 2011 Iğdır Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Dergisi

In this study, the effects of dietary probiotic supplementation on growth performance of goldfsh(Carassius auratus, L. 1758) were evaluated. A 60 days trial was conducted with four groups of probioticsmixture (Saccharomyces cerevisae, Bacillus subtilis, Lactobacillus plantarum, Lactobacillus casei) supplementedcommercial feeds in rates of 0 ml kg-1 (Control), 1 ml kg-1, 2 ml kg-1 and 3 ml kg-1. Groups with probiotic treatedfeed showed no statistical difference on weight gain, specifc growth rate and feed effciency. Group II (2 ml kg-1)resulted with better Feed Conversation Ratio (FCR) and hepatosomatic index between all groups including theControl. This results show 2 ml kg-1 probiotic supplementation to goldfsh feed may be benefcial for healthygrowth

Bu çalışma, oranda japon balıklarında (Carassius auratus, L. 1758) yeme ilave edilen probiyotiklerinbüyüme performansı üzerindeki etkilerini araştırmayı amaçlamaktadır. Bu amaçla biri kontrol grubu olmak üzeredört gruptan oluşan deneme düzeninde 0 ml kg-1(Kontrol), 1 ml kg-1, 2 ml kg-1 ve 3 ml kg-1 konsantrasyonlarındaprobiyotik karışımı (Saccharomyces cerevisae, Bacillus subtilis, Lactobacillus plantarum, Lactobacillus casei)ticari havuz balığı yemine ilave edilmiştir. 60 günlük deneme sonunda kontrol ve muamele grupları arasındabüyüme performansı ve spesifk büyüme oranı bakımından önemli bir fark gözlenmemiştir. Yem dönüşüm oranıve hepatosomatik indeks bakımından Grup II (2 ml kg-1) tüm gruplardan daha iyi sonuç verirken bu fark istatistikiolarak da önemli bulunmuştur. Elde edilen sonuçlar, 2 ml kg yem-1 düzeyinde probiyotik ilavesinin japon balıklarınınsağlıklı büyümesine olumlu katkısı olduğunu ortaya koymuştur

 Büyüme Carassius auratus FCR hepatosomatik indeks probiyotik Carassius auratus FCR growth hepatosomatic index probiotic Abasali H, Mohamad S, 2010. Effect of dietary supplementation with probiotic on reproductive performance of female livebearing ornamental fish. Research Journal of Animal Sciences, 4(4): 103-107. Adeyemo OK, 2008. Histological alterations observed in the gills and ovaries of Clarias gariepinus exposed to environmentally relevant lead concentrations. Journal of Environmental Health, 70(9): 48-51. Agouz HM, Anwer W, 2011. Effect of Biogen® and Myco-Ad® on the growth performance of common carp (Cyprinus carpio) fed a mycotoxin contaminated aquafeed. Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Science, 6(3): 334. Akbulut B, Şahin T, Erteken A, Aksungur M, Gündoğan N, 1999. Deniz kafeslerinde yetiştirilen alabalıklarda ekonomik başlangıç ağırlığının tespiti projesi. TAGEM/IY/96/127004. and disease resistance in farmed Haliotis midae through Anonymous, 2013. FISH TO 2030 Prospects for Fisheries and Aquaculture. World Bank Report Number 83177-GLB. Agriculture and Environmental Services Discussion Paper 03. Anonymous, 2014. The State of World Fisheries and Aquaculture, Opportunities and Challenges. Food and Agriculture Organization of The United Nations Rome, 2014. Anonymous, 2016a. FAO Fisheries and Aquaculture Department Statistical Collections. http://www.fao.org/fishery/statistics/collections/en (Erişim tarihi: 14 Ekim, 2016). Anonymous, 2016b. Aquarium Fish Constipation. http://www.fishchannel.com/fish-health/disease-prevention/fish-constipation-food.aspx (Erişim tarihi: 14 ekim, 2016). Ashley LM, 1975. Comparative fish histology. In the Pathology of Fishes: Proceedings of a Symposium (p. 1). Univ. of Wisconsin Press. Balcázar JL, De Blas I, Ruiz-Zarzuela I, Cunningham D, Vendrell D, Múzquiz JL, 2006. The role of probiotics in aquaculture. Veterinary microbiology, 114(3): 173-186. Balcázar JL, De Blas I, Ruiz-Zarzuela I, Vendrell D, Gironés O, Muzquiz JL, 2007. Enhancement of the immune response and protection induced by probiotic lactic acid bacteria against furunculosis in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). FEMS Immunology & Medical Microbiology, 51(1): 185-193. Blake RW, Li J, Chan KHS, 2009. Swimming in four goldfish Carassius auratus morphotypes: understanding functional design and performance employing artificially selected forms. Journal of fish biology, 75(3): 591-617. Boomker J, 1981. The haematology and histology of the haemopoietic organs of South African freshwater fish. III. The leucocytes, plasma cells and macrophages of Clarias gariepinus and Sarotherodon mossambicus. The Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research, 48(4): 185-193. Daniels C, Hoseinifar SH, 2014. Prebiotic applications in shellfish. Aquaculture nutrition: gut health, probiotics and prebiotics, 401-418. Fagbenro OA, Davies SJ, 2001. Use of soybean flour (dehulled solvent-extracted soybean) as fish meal substitute in practical diets for African catfish, Clarias gariepinus (Burchell 1822): growth, feed utilization and digestibility. Journal of Applied Ichthyology, 17(2): 64-69. Gatesoupe FJ, 1999. The use of probiotics in aquaculture. Aquaculture,180(1): 147-165. Gatesoupe FJ, 2007. Live yeasts in the gut: natural occurrence, dietary introduction, and their effects on fish health and development. Aquaculture, 267(1): 20-30. Genc MA, Yılmaz E, Genc E, Aktas M, 2007a. Effects of dietary mannan oligosaccharides (MOS) on growth, body composition, and intestine and liver histology of the hybrid tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus x O. aureus). Israel Journal of Aquaculture, 59 (1):10-16. Genc MA, Aktas M, Genc E, Yılmaz E, 2007b. Effects of dietary mannan oligosaccharide on growth, body composition and hepatopancreas histology of Penaeus semisulcatus (De Haan 1844). Aquaculture Nutrition, 13(2): 156-161. Ghosh S, Sinha A, Sahu C, 2007. Effect of probiotic on reproductive performance in female livebearing ornamental fish. Aquaculture Research,38(5): 518-526. Gomez-Gil B, Roque A, Turnbull JF, 2000. The use and selection of probiotic bacteria for use in the culture of larval aquatic organisms. Aquaculture, 191(1): 259-270. Gümüş E, Kanyılmaz M, Gülle İ, Sevgili H, 2014. Antalya Bölgesindeki süs balığı üreten işletmelerin yapısal ve teknik analizi: II. teknik özellik ve pazarlama durumları. Biyoloji Bilimleri Araştırma Dergisi, 6(2): 32-38. Hänfling B, Bolton P, Harley M, Carvalho GR, 2005. A molecular approach to detect hybridisation between crucian carp (Carassius carassius) and non‐indigenous carp species (Carassius spp. and Cyprinus carpio). Freshwater Biology, 50(3): 403-417. Hekimoğlu MA, 2006. Akvaryum Sektörünün Dünyadaki ve Türkiye'deki Genel Durumu. Su Ürünleri Dergisi, 23(2): 237-241. Hibiya T, Yokote M, Oguri M, Sato H, Takashima F, Aida K, 1982. An Atlas of Fish Histology. Normal and pathological features. Gustav Fischer Akademie Verlag, Berlin. 147 p. Irianto A, Austin B, 2002. Probiotics in aquaculture. Journal of fish diseases, 25(11): 633-642. İkizdoğan AT 2006. Farklı yem katkılarının karabalık (Clarias gariepinus) larvalarının büyüme performansı ile hepatopankreas ve barsak histolojisi üzerine etkileri. Mustafa Kemal Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Yüksek Lisans Tezi, 82 s. Kenneth BD, 2006. Management of Physiological Stress in Finfish Aquaculture. North American Journal of Aquaculture, 68(2): 116-121. Kesarcodi-Watson A, Kaspar H, Lategan MJ, Gibson L, 2008. Probiotics in aquaculture: the need, principles and mechanisms of action and screening processes. Aquaculture, 274(1): 1-14. Kesici T, Kocabaş Z, 2007. Biyoistatistik. Ankara Üniversitesi Eczacılık Fakültesi Yayın No:94, 369 s. Korkut AY, Kop A, Demirtaş N, Cihaner A, 2007. Balık beslemede gelişim performansının izlenme yöntemleri. Su Ürünleri Dergisi, 24(1-2): 201-205. Kottelat M, 1998. Environmental Biology of Fishes. 51: 116. doi:10.1023/A:1007452304138 Macey B.M. & Coyne V.E. (2005) Improved growth rate Macey BM, Coyne VE, 2005. Improved growth rate and disease resistance in farmed Haliotis midae through probiotic treatment. Aquaculture, 245: 249–261. Martínez Cruz P, Ibáñez AL, Monroy Hermosillo OA, Ramírez Saad HC, 2012. Use of probiotics in aquaculture. ISRN microbiology, 2012;2012:916845. Nayak SK, 2010. Probiotics and immunity: a fish perspective. Fish & shellfish immunology, 29(1): 2-14. Naylor RL, Goldburg RJ, Primavera J, Kautsky N, Beveridge MCM, Clay J, 2001. Effects of aquaculture on world fish supplies. Issues Ecol, 8:1-12. Nikoskelainen S, Ouwehand AC, Bylund G, Salminen S, Lilius EM, 2003. Immune enhancement in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) by potential probiotic bacteria (Lactobacillus rhamnosus). Fish & shellfish immunology, 15(5): 443-452. probiotic treatment. Aquaculture 245, 249–261. Reverter M, Bontemps N, Lecchini D, Banaigs B, Sasal P, 2014. Use of plant extracts in fish aquaculture as an alternative to chemotherapy: current status and future perspectives. Aquaculture, 433: 50–61 Ringø E, Olsen RE, Gifstad TØ, Dalmo RA, Amlund H, Hemre GI, Bakke AM, 2010. Prebiotics in aquaculture: a review. Aquaculture Nutrition, 16(2): 117-136. Roots C, 2007. Domestication. Westport, Conn: Greenwood Press. 199 p. Soccol CR, Vandenberghe LPDS, Spier MR, Medeiros, ABP, Yamaguishi CT, Lindner, JDD, Pandey A, Thomaz-Soccol, V, 2010) The potential of probiotics: a review. Food Technology and Biotechnology, 48(4): 413-434. Standen BT, Rawling MD, Davies SJ, Castex M, Foey A, Gioacchini G, Carnevali O, Merrifield DL, 2013. Probiotic Pediococcus acidilactici modulates both localised intestinal-and peripheral-immunity in tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). Fish & shellfish immunology, 35(4): 1097-1104. Varela, JL, Ruiz-Jarabo I, Vargas-Chacoff L, Arijo S, León-Rubio JM, García-Millán I, Martín del Río MP, Moriñigo MA, Mancera JM, 2010. Dietary administration of probiotic Pdp11 promotes growth and improves stress tolerance to high stocking density in gilthead seabream Sparus auratus. Aquaculture, 309(1): 265-271. Wang Y, 2011. Use of probiotics Bacillus coagulans, Rhodopseudomonas palustris and Lactobacillus acidophilus as growth promoters in grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella) fingerlings. Aquaculture Nutrition, 17(2): 372-378. Wang YB, Li JR, Lin J, 2008. Probiotics in aquaculture: challenges and outlook. Aquaculture, 281(1): 1-4. Wheeler A, 2000. Status of the crucian carp, Carassius carassius (L.) in the U.K. Fisheries Management and Ecology, 7: 315 – 322. Wheeler A, 1977. The origin and distribution of the freshwater fishes of the British Isles. Journal of Biogeography, 4: 1 – 24. Yıldırım Ö, Değirmenci A, Kocaman EM, 2002. Albino ve normal pigmentli gökkuşağı alabalığı (Oncorhynchus mykiss)’nın yem değerlendirme, büyüme ve et kaliteleri bakımından karşılaştırılması. Journal of the Faculty of Agriculture, 33(3): 301-307. Yılmaz Keskin E, Erdem M, 2005. Gökkuşağı alabalığı (Oncorhynchus mykiss) yetiştiriciliğinde farklı oranlarda ekstrüde yem kullanımın balıkların gelişmesine etkisi. SDÜ Eğirdir Su Ürünleri Fakültesi Dergisi, 1(1): 49-57.