PULPA KALSİFİKASYONLARININ SIKLIĞI VE DAĞILIMININ RADYOGRAFİK İNCELEME YÖNTEMİYLE DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ

Year 2011, Volume: 45 Issue: 2, 49 - 55, 29.11.2011

Benin Sezgin Engin Cakan Tamer Erdem

Abstract

Bu çalışmanın amacı pulpa kalsifikasyonlarının sıklığını ve dişlerin farklı özellikleri ile kalsifikasyon arasındaki ilişkiyi
belirlemektir. Çalışmada belirli bir sürede İstanbul Üniversitesi Diş Hekimliği Fakültesine başvuran hastalardan alınan tüm
periapikal radyografilerin incelenmesi ile toplam 400 dişin filmi değerlendirilmiştir. Dişler dört şekilde gruplara ayrılmıştır:
Dişin yer aldığı gruba göre (azı dişi, küçük azı dişi, köpek dişi, kesici diş), kuronunun durumuna göre (sağlıklı, çürük,
restorasyonlu), yer aldığı çeneye göre (üst çene, alt çene), yer aldığı arkın tarafına göre (arkın solu, arkın sağı). Pulpa
kalsifikasyonunun var olup olmadığı olarak kaydedilmiştir. Sonuçların analizi ki-kare testine göre yapılmıştır. Çalışmamızın
sonuçlarına göre 42 dişte kalsifikasyon görülmüştür (%10.5). 120 büyük azı dişi arasında 25 dişte (%20.83), 124 küçük azı
dişi arasında 7 dişte (%5.65), 62 köpek dişi arasında 1 dişte (%1.61) ve 94 kesici dişi arasında 9 dişte (%9.57) kalsifikasyon
saptanmıştır. 181 sağlam diş arasında 15 dişte (%8.29), 122 çürük diş arasında 15 dişte (%12.3), 97 restorasyonlu diş
arasında 12 dişte (%12.37) kalsifikasyon bulunmuştur. 246 üst çenedeki diş arasında 28 dişte (%11.38), 154 alt çenedeki diş
arasında 14 dişte (%9.09) kalsifikasyona rastlanmıştır. 199 arkın solundaki diş arasında 21 dişte (%10.55), 201 arkın
sağındaki diş arasında 21 dişte (%10.45) kalsifikasyon görülmüştür. Büyük azı dişlerinde anlamlı şekilde daha fazla
kalsifikasyona rastlanmıştır (p < 0.001). Kuronunun durumu ile kalsifikasyon arasında anlamlı bir ilişki bulunamamıştır. Dişin
yer aldığı çene ve ark ile kalsifikasyon arasında anlamlı bir ilişki kurulamamıştır.

Keywords

Pulpa kalsifikasyonu, Sıklık, Dağılım

A RADIOGRAPHIC ASSESSMENT OF THE PREVALENCE AND DISTRIBUTION OF PULP CALCIFICATION

Abstract

The objective of this study was to assess the prevalence and distribution of pulp calcification between various teeth
conditions. In a certain time we assessed all periapical films which were taken by the patients who came to the İstanbul
University Faculty of Dentistry. Based on the examination of periapical films of 400 teeth, teeth were classified according to
tooth types (molar, premolar, canine, incisor), dental status (intact, carious, restored), dental arch (maxillary, mandibular) and
dental side (left, right). Pulp calcifications were scored as present or absent. Chi-square analyses were used to compare the
frequencies of occurrence of pulp calcification between tooth types, dental status, arches and sides. Calcifications were found
in 42 (10.5%) subjects. Calcifications were found in 25 (20.83%) of 120 molars, in 7 (5.65%) of 124 premolars, in 1 (1.61%)
of 62 canines and in 9 (9.57%) of 94 incisors. Calcifications were found in 15 (8.29%) of 181 intact teeth, in 15 (12.3%) of
122 carious teeth and in 12 (12.37%) of 97 restored teeth. Calcifications were found in 28 (11.38%) of 246 maxillary teeth
and in 14 (9.09%) of 154 mandibular teeth. Calcifications were found in 21 (10.55%) of 199 teeth on left side and 21 (10.45%) of 201 teeth on right sides. The frequencies of calcifications were higher in molars than premolars, canines and

incisors (p<0.001). No significant differences were observed between dental status and pulp calcification occurrence. No
significant differences were observed between dental arches and pulp calcification occurrence. No significant differences
were observed between dental sides and pulp calcification occurrence.

Keywords

Pulp Calcification, Prevalence, Distribution

References

• Sener S, Cobankara FK, Akgünlü F. Calcifications of the pulp chamber: prevalence and implicated factors. Clin Oral Investig, 2009; 13 (2): 209-215.
• Gulsahi A, Cebeci AI, Ozden S. A radiographic assessment of the prevalence of pulp stones in a group of Turkish dental patients. Int Endod J, 2009; 42 (8): 735-739.
• Cohen S, Burns RC. Pathways of the Pulp. 8th edition, Mosby, 2001: p.495-497.
• Goga R, Chandler NP, Oginni AO. Pulp stones: a review. Int Endod J, 2008; 41 (6): 457-468.
• Al-Nazhan S, Al-Shammrani S. Prevalence of pulp stones in Saudi adults. Alex Dent J, 1991; 16 (1): 129-142.
• White SC, Pharoah MJ. Oral Radiology: Principles and Interpretation. 5th Edition, Mosby, 2003: p. 361-62.
• Deva V, Mogoantă L, Manolea H, Pancă OA, Vătu M, Vătăman M. Radiological and microscopic aspects of the denticles. Rom J Morphol Embryol, 2006; 47 (3): 263-268.
• Nayak M, Kumar J, Prasad LK. A radiographic correlation between systemic disorders and pulp stones. Indian J Dent Res, 2010; 21 (3): 369-373.
• Bauss O, Neter D, Rahman A. Prevalence of pulp calcifications in patients with Marfan syndrome. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod, 2008; 106 (6): 56-61.
• Ranjitkar S, Taylor JA, Townsend GC. A radiographic assessment of the prevalence of pulp stones in Australians. Aust Dent J, 2002; 47 (1): 36-40.
• Ingle JI, Bakland LK. Endodontics. 4th edition, Williams & Wilkins, 1994: p.337.
• Çalışkan MK. Endodontide Tanı ve Tedaviler. Nobel Tıp Kitapevi, 2006: s. 88.
• Bevelander G, Johnson PL. Histogenesis and histochemistry of pulpal calcification. J Dent Res, 1956; 35 (5): 714-722.
• Pindborg JJ. Pathology of the dental hard tissues. Munksgaard, 1970: 353-355.
• Weine FS. Endodontic Therapy. 5 edition, Mosby, 1996: p. 148-150.
• Abbott PV, Yu C. A clinical classification of the status of the pulp and the root canal system. Aust Dent J, 2007; 52 (1): 17-31.
• Walton RE, Torabinejad M. Principles and Practice of Endodontics. 3rd edition, Saunders, 2002: p.55-56.
• Bergenholtz G, Horsted-Bindslev P, Reit C. Textbook of Endodontology. 2th edition, Blackwell Munksgaard, 2003: p.259-276.
• Holcomb JB, Gregory WB Jr. Calcific metamorphosis of the pulp: its incidence and treatment. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol, 1967; 24: 825-830.
• Robertson A, Andreasen FM, Bergenholtz G, Andreasen JO, Norén JG. Incidence of pulp necrosis subsequent to pulp canal obliteration from trauma of permanent incisors. J Endod, 1996; 22 (10): 557-560.
• Jacobsen I, Kerekes K. Long term prognosis of traumatized permanent anterior teeth showing calcifying processes in the pulp cavity. Scand J Dent Res, 1977; 85: 588-598.
• Uslu O, Akcam MO, Evirgen S, Cebeci I. Prevalence of dental anomalies in various malocclusions. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop, 2009; 135 (3): 328-335.
• Al-Hadi Hamasha A, Darwazeh A. Prevalence of pulp stones in Jordanian adults. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod, 1998; 86 (6): 730-732.
• Baghdady VS, Ghose LJ, Nahoom HY. Prevalence of pulp stones in a teenage Iraqi group. J Endod, 1988; 14 (6): 309-311.
• Kansu O, Ozbek M, Avcu N, Aslan U, Kansu H, Gençtoy G. Can dental pulp calcification serve as a diagnostic marker for carotid artery calcification in patients with renal diseases? Dentomaxillofac Radiol, 2009; 38 (8): 542525.
• Horsley SH, Beckstrom B, Clark SJ, Scheetz JP, Khan Z, Farman AG. Prevalence of carotid and pulp calcifications: a correlation using digital panoramic radiographs. Int J Comput Assist Radiol Surg, 2009; 4 (2): 169-173.
• Bender I., Seltzer S. The effect of periodontal disease in the pulp. Oral Surg, 1972; 33: 458474. Pulpa Kalsifikasyonlarının Sıklığı ve Dağılımının Radyografik İnceleme Yöntemiyle Değerlendirilmesi 55
• Galler KM, Yasue A, Cavener AC, Bialek P, Karsenty G, D’Souza RN. A novel role for Twist-1 in pulp homeostasis. J Dent Res, 2007; 86: 951-955.
• Edds AC, Walden JE, Scheetz JP, Goldsmith LJ, Drisko CL, Eleazer PD. Pilot study of correlation of pulp stones with cardiovascular disease. J Endod, 2005; 31: 504-506.
• Sayegh FS, Reed AJ. Calcification in the dental pulp. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol, 1968; 25: 873-882.
• Bernick S, Nedelman C. Effect of ageing on dental pulp. J Endod, 1975; 1: 88-94.
• Stafne EC, Szabo SE. The significance of pulp nodules. Dental Cosmos, 1933; 75: 160-164.
• Tamse A, Kaffe I, Littner MM, Shani R. Statistical evaluation of radiologic survey of pulp stones. J Endod, 1982; 8: 455–458.
• Oginni AO, Adekoya-Sofowora CA, Kolawole KA. Evaluation of radiographs, clinical signs and symptoms associated with pulp canal obliteration: an aid to treatment decision. Dent Traumatol, 2009; 25 (6): 620-625.
• West JD. The aesthetic and endodontic dilemmas of calcific metamorphosis. Pract Periodontics Aesthet Dent, 1997; 9 (3): 289293.
• Ihara I, Miake Y, Morinaga K, Yatsuhashi T, Nakagawa KI, Yanagisawa T. . Calcification of Pulp Canal Space after Replantation of Immature Rat Molars. Journal of Hard Tissue Biology, 2007; 16 (2): 54-60.
• Levin LG, Law AS, Holland GR, Abbott PV, Roda RS. Identify and define all diagnostic terms for pulpal health and disease states. J Endod, 2009; 35 (12): 1645-1657.
• Gold SI. Root canal calcification associated with prednisone therapy: a case report. J Am Dent Assoc, 1989; 119: 523–525.
• Hillmann G, Geurtsen W. Light-microscopical investigation of the distribution of extracellular matrix molecules and calcificationsin human dental pulps of various ages. Cell Tissue Res, 1997; 289: 145-154.
• Kumar S, Chandra S, Jaiswal JN. Pulp calcifications in primary teeth. J Endod, 1990; 16 (5): 218-220.
• Arys A, Philippart C, Dourov N. Microradiography and light microscopy of mineralization in the pulp of undermineralized human primary molars. J Oral Pathol Med, 1993; 22: 49-53.