BibTex RIS Kaynak Göster

Understanding self-regulated learning and its implications for strategy instruction in language education

Yıl 2012, Cilt: 2 Sayı: 2, 89 - 104, 14.07.2016

Öz

What motivates language teachers to pursue professionalization? Using the American example of National Board certification, this study examined the strength and interrelationships of five motivational factors for foreign language teacher professionalization: improved teaching, financial gain, internal validation, external validation, and collaboration. A total of 433 foreign language teachers participated in the online survey. Repeated measures ANOVAs found improved teaching, financial gain, and internal validation were strong motivations, whereas the other two were less strong or weaker motivations. Additionally, correlational analyses showed a negative correlation between the two highest motivations, improved teaching and financial gain, indicating that they may represent two distinguishing motivational dimensions. These findings dispute teachers’ supposed lack of extrinsic motivations and support a continuum of motivations for professionalization, as seen in the types of extrinsic motivations in SelfDetermination Theory.

Kaynakça

  • Bandura, A. (1986). Social foundations of though and action: A social cognitive theory. NJ: Prentice-Hall.
  • Benson, P. (1997). The philosophy and politics of leaner autonomy. In P. Benson & P. Voller (Eds.), Autonomy and independence in language learning (pp. 18-34). London: Addison Wesley Longman.
  • Benson, P. (2001). Teaching and researching: Autonomy in language learning. New York, NY: Pearson.
  • Benson, P., & Voller, P. (1997). Introduction: autonomy and independence in language. In.
  • Benson & P. Voller (Eds) Autonomy and independence in language learning (pp.1-12). London: Addison Wesley Longman.
  • Boekaerts, M. (1997). Self- regulated learning: A new concept embraced by researchers, police makers, educators, teachers, and students. Journal of learning and instruction. 7 (2), 161-186.
  • Chamot, A.U. (2005). Language learning strategy instruction: current issues and research. Annual Review of Applied Linguistics. 25, 112-130.
  • Chamot, A. U., Barnhardt, S., El-Dinary, P. B., & Robbins, J. (1999). The learning strategies handbook. New York, NY: Addison Wesley Longman.
  • Chamot, A. U., & O’Malley, J. M. (1994). Language learner and learning strategies. In N. C. Ellis (Ed.), Implicit and explicit learning of language (pp. 371-391). London: Academic Press.
  • Cheung, E. (2004). Goal setting as motivational tool in student’s self-regulated learning. Educational Research Quarterly, 27(3), 3-9.
  • Cleary, T. J., Platten, P., & Nelson, A. (2008). Effectiveness of the self-regulation empowerment program with urban high school students. Journal of Advanced Academics, 20(1), 70-107.
  • Cohen, A. D., Weaver, S. J., & Li Tao-Yuan (1996). The impact of strategies-based instruction on speaking a foreign language. Research report. Center for advanced research on language acquisition. University of Minnesota
  • Dornyei, Z., & Skehan, P. (2003). Individual differences in second language learning. In C. J. Doughty & M. H. Long (Eds.), The handbook of second language acquisition (pp. 589-630). Oxford, UK: Blackwell.
  • Duckworth, K., Akerman, R., MacGregor, A., Salter, E., & Vorhaus, J. (2009). Self-regulated Learning: A literature Review. Retrieved from www. Learningbenefits. net/Publications/ResRepIntros/ResRep33intro. htm.
  • Ernesto, M. (2006). Strategies for language learning and for language use: Revising the theoretical framework. Modern Language Journal, 90(3), 320-337.
  • Ertmer, P. A., & Newby, T. J. (1996). The expert learner: Strategic, self-regulated, and reflective. Instructional Science, 24(1), 1-24.
  • Gao, Xuesong. (2007). Has language learning strategy research come to an end? A response to Tseng et al. Applied Linguistics, 28 (4), 615-620.
  • Graham, S. (1997). Executive control in the revising of students with learning and writing difficulties. Journal of Educational Psychology, 89(2), 223-234.
  • Griffiths, C. (2004). Language Learning Strategies: Theory and Research. Occasional paper No.1.School of Foundations Studies, AIS St Helens, Auckland, New Zealand. Retrieved from http://www.crie.org.nz/research_paper/c_griffiths_op1.pdf
  • Hassan, X., Macaro, E., Mason, D., Nye, G., Smith, P., & Vanderplank, R. (2005) Strategy training in language learning: A systematic review of available research. In: Research Evidence in Education Library. London: EPPI-Centre, Social Science Research Unit, Institute of Education, University of London.
  • Hattie, J., Biggs, J., & Purdie, N. (1996). Effects of learning skills interventions on student learning: a Meta-analysis. Review of Educational Research, 66(2), 99-136.
  • Hofer, B. K., & Yu, S. L. (2003). Teaching Self-Regulated Learning through a "Learning to Learn" Course.Teaching of Psychology, 30(1), 30-33.
  • Hofer, B. K., Yu, S. L., & Pintrich, P. R. (1998). Teaching college students to be self- regulated learners. In D. H. Schunk & B. J. Zimmerman (Eds.) Self- regulated learning: From teaching to self- reflective practice (pp. 57-85). New York, NY: The Guilford Press.
  • Hunt, A. & Beglar, D. (2005) A framework for developing EFL reading vocabulary. Reading in a foreign language, 17(1).
  • Retrieved from http://nflrc.hawaii.edu/rfl/april2005/hunt/hunt.html Keirns, J. L. (1999). Designs for self-instruction: principles, processes, and issues in developing self- directed learning. London: Allyn and Bacon Lan, W. Y. (1996). The effects of self-monitoring on students' course performance, use of learning strategies, attitude, self-judgment ability, and knowledge representation. Journal of Experimental Education, 64(2), 101-115.
  • Lindner. R. W., & Harris, B. R. (1993). Teaching self- regulated learning strategies. ERIC Documentation Reproduction Services. No. ED 362 182.
  • McDonough, S. K. (July/ August, 2001). Promoting self- regulation in foreign language learners. The clearing house, Washington, 74(6), 323-326. Retrieved from http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb Montalvo, F.T.,& Torres, M. C. G. (2004). Self- regulated learning: Current and future directions. Electronic Journal of Research in Educational Psychology, 2(1), 1-34.
  • Najar, R. L. (1999). Pathways to success: learning strategy instruction in content curriculum. Paper presented at the HERDSA Annual International Conference. Retrieved from http://www.herdsa.org.au/wpcontent/uploads/conference/1999/pdf/Najar.PDF Nunan, D. (1997). Does learner strategy training make a difference? Lenguas Modernas, 24, 123-142.
  • O’Malley, J. M., & Chamot, A. U. (1990). Learning strategies in second language acquisition. New York: Cambridge University Press.
  • Oxford, R. L. (1990). Language learning strategies: What every teacher should know. Boston, MA: Heinle & Heinle.
  • Paris, S. G., & Paris, A. H. (2001). Classroom applications of research on self-regulated learning. Educational Psychologist, 36(2), 89-101.
  • Perels, F., Dignath, C., & Schmitz, B. (2009). Is it possible to improve mathematical achievement by means of selfregulation strategies? Evaluation of an intervention in regular math classes. European Journal of Psychology of Education, 24(1), 17-31.
  • Ramdass, D., & Zimmerman, B. J. (2008). Effects of self-Correction strategy training on middle school students' selfefficacy, self-evaluation, and mathematics division learning. Journal of Advanced Academics, 20(1), 18-41.
  • Rivera-Mills, S. V., & Plonsky, L. (2007). Empowering students with language learning strategies: A critical review of current issues. Foreign Language Annals, 40(3), 535-548.
  • Rubin, J., Chamot, A. U., Harris, V., & Anderson, N. J. (2007). Intervening in the use of strategies. In A. D. Cohen & E.
  • Macaro. (Eds.) Language Learner Strategies (pp. 140-164). New York, NY: Oxford University Press.
  • Ruya, Guzel-Ozmen. (2006).The effectiveness of modified cognitive strategy instruction in writing with mildly mentally retarded Turkish students. Exceptional Children. 72 (3), 281-297. Retrieved from http://goliath.ecnext.com/coms2/gi_0199-5443466/The-effectiveness-of-modified-cognitive.html#abstract
  • Schunk, D. H. (1989). Social cognitive theory and self- regulated learning. In B. J.Zimmerman & D. H. Schunk (Eds.), Self- regulated learning and academic achievement: Theory, research, and practice (pp. 83-110). New York, NY: Springer-Verlag.
  • Schunk, D. H., & Ertmer, P. A. (2005). Self-regulation and academic learning: Self-efficacy enhancing interventions. In M. Boekaerts, P. R. Pintrich, & M. Zeidner (Eds.), Handbook of self-regulation (pp. 631-649). San Diego, CA: Academic Press.
  • Schunk, D. H., & Zimmerman, B. J. (1997). Social origins of self-regulatory competence. Educational Psychologist, 32(4), 195-208.
  • Souvignier, E., & Mokhlesgerami, J. (2006). Using self- regulation as a framework for implementing strategy instruction to foster reading comprehension. Learning and Instruction 16, 57- 71.
  • Tan, K. H., & Bromeley, P. (2006). Metacognitive strategy instruction (MSI) for reading: Co-regulation of cognition.
  • Journal e-Bangi, 1(1), 1-27. Tang, H. N., & Moore, D. W. (1992). Effects of cognitive and metacognitive pre-reading activities on the reading comprehension of ESL learners. Educational Psychology, 12(3), 315-331.
  • Tseng, W., Dornyei, Z., & Schmitt, N. (2006). A new approach to assessing strategic learning: the case of self regulation in vocabulary acquisition. Applied linguistics 27 (1), 78- 102.
  • van Grinsven, L., & Tillema, H. (2006). Learning opportunities to support student self-regulation: Comparing different instructional formats. Educational Research, 48(1), 77-91.
  • Weinstein, C. E., Husman, J., & Dierking, D. R. (2005). Self- regulation interventions with a focus on learning strategies. In M. Bockaerts, P. R. Pintrich & M. Zeidner (Eds.),Handbook of self regulation (pp.727-747). San Diego, CA: Academic Press.
  • Wenden, A. L. (1987). Incorporating learner training in the classroom. In A. Wenden, & J. Rubin. (Eds.), Learner strategies in language learning (pp. 159-168). Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall. Wenden, A. L. (1991). Learner strategies for learner autonomy. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall.
  • Wenden, A. L. (1998). Learner training in foreign/second language learning: A curricular perspective for the 21st century. ERIC ED 416 67, 1-36.
  • Wenden, A. L. (2002). Learner development in language learning. Applied Linguistics, 23 (1), 32-55.
  • Zeidner, M., Boekaerts, M., & Pintrich, P. R. (2005). Self-regulation: Directions and challenges for future research. In M. Bockaerts, P. R. Pintrich, & M. Zeidner. (Eds.), Handbook of self- regulation (pp. 747-768). San Diego, CA: Academic Press.
  • Zimmerman, B. J. (1989a). A social cognitive view of self- regulated academic learning. Journal of Educational Psychology, 81(3), 329- 339.
  • Zimmerman, B.J. (1989b). Models of self- regulated learning and academic achievement. In B. J. Zimmerman & D. H.
  • Schunk (Eds.), Self- regulated learning and academic achievement: Theory, research, and practice (pp. 1-19). New York, NY: Springer-Verlag.
  • Zimmerman, B. J. (1998). Developing self- fulfilling cycles of academic regulation: An analysis of exemplary instruction models. In D. H. Schunk & B. J. Zimmerman. (Eds.), Self- regulated learning: From teaching to self reflective practice (pp. 1-19). London, UK: The Guilford Press.
  • Zimmerman, B. J. (2000). Attaining self- regulation: A social cognitive perspective. In M. Boekaerts, P. R. Pintrich, & M.
  • Zeidner (Eds.), Handbook of self- regulation (pp. 13-39). San Diego, CA: Academic Press.
  • Zimmerman, B. J. (2001).Theories of self- regulated learning and academic achievement: An overview and analysis. In B. J. Zimmerman & D. H. Schunk (Eds.), Self- regulated learning and academic achievement: Theoretical perspectives (pp. 1-38). Mahwah, NJ: Erlbaum.
  • Zimmerman, B.J., Bonner, S., & Kovach, R. (1996). Developing self- regulated learners: beyond achievement to self- efficacy. Washington, DC: American Psychological Association
  • Zimmerman, B. J., & Kitsantas, A. (1997). Developmental phases in self-regulation: Shifting from process goals to outcome goals. Journal of Educational Psychology, 89(1), 29-36.
  • Zimmerman, B. J., & Kitsantas, A. (1999). Acquiring writing revision skill: Shifting from process to outcome self regulatory goals. Journal of Educational Psychology, 91, 1-10
  • Zimmerman, B. J., & Martinez- Pons, M. (1986). Development of a structured interview for assessing student use of self- regulated learning strategies. American Educational Research Journal. 23 (4), 614- 628.
  • Zimmerman, B. J., & Risemberg, R. (1997). Self-regulatory dimensions of academic learning and motivation. In G.D. Phye (Eds.), Handbook of academic learning: Construction of knowledge (pp. 105-125). New York, NY: Academic Press.
Yıl 2012, Cilt: 2 Sayı: 2, 89 - 104, 14.07.2016

Öz

Kaynakça

  • Bandura, A. (1986). Social foundations of though and action: A social cognitive theory. NJ: Prentice-Hall.
  • Benson, P. (1997). The philosophy and politics of leaner autonomy. In P. Benson & P. Voller (Eds.), Autonomy and independence in language learning (pp. 18-34). London: Addison Wesley Longman.
  • Benson, P. (2001). Teaching and researching: Autonomy in language learning. New York, NY: Pearson.
  • Benson, P., & Voller, P. (1997). Introduction: autonomy and independence in language. In.
  • Benson & P. Voller (Eds) Autonomy and independence in language learning (pp.1-12). London: Addison Wesley Longman.
  • Boekaerts, M. (1997). Self- regulated learning: A new concept embraced by researchers, police makers, educators, teachers, and students. Journal of learning and instruction. 7 (2), 161-186.
  • Chamot, A.U. (2005). Language learning strategy instruction: current issues and research. Annual Review of Applied Linguistics. 25, 112-130.
  • Chamot, A. U., Barnhardt, S., El-Dinary, P. B., & Robbins, J. (1999). The learning strategies handbook. New York, NY: Addison Wesley Longman.
  • Chamot, A. U., & O’Malley, J. M. (1994). Language learner and learning strategies. In N. C. Ellis (Ed.), Implicit and explicit learning of language (pp. 371-391). London: Academic Press.
  • Cheung, E. (2004). Goal setting as motivational tool in student’s self-regulated learning. Educational Research Quarterly, 27(3), 3-9.
  • Cleary, T. J., Platten, P., & Nelson, A. (2008). Effectiveness of the self-regulation empowerment program with urban high school students. Journal of Advanced Academics, 20(1), 70-107.
  • Cohen, A. D., Weaver, S. J., & Li Tao-Yuan (1996). The impact of strategies-based instruction on speaking a foreign language. Research report. Center for advanced research on language acquisition. University of Minnesota
  • Dornyei, Z., & Skehan, P. (2003). Individual differences in second language learning. In C. J. Doughty & M. H. Long (Eds.), The handbook of second language acquisition (pp. 589-630). Oxford, UK: Blackwell.
  • Duckworth, K., Akerman, R., MacGregor, A., Salter, E., & Vorhaus, J. (2009). Self-regulated Learning: A literature Review. Retrieved from www. Learningbenefits. net/Publications/ResRepIntros/ResRep33intro. htm.
  • Ernesto, M. (2006). Strategies for language learning and for language use: Revising the theoretical framework. Modern Language Journal, 90(3), 320-337.
  • Ertmer, P. A., & Newby, T. J. (1996). The expert learner: Strategic, self-regulated, and reflective. Instructional Science, 24(1), 1-24.
  • Gao, Xuesong. (2007). Has language learning strategy research come to an end? A response to Tseng et al. Applied Linguistics, 28 (4), 615-620.
  • Graham, S. (1997). Executive control in the revising of students with learning and writing difficulties. Journal of Educational Psychology, 89(2), 223-234.
  • Griffiths, C. (2004). Language Learning Strategies: Theory and Research. Occasional paper No.1.School of Foundations Studies, AIS St Helens, Auckland, New Zealand. Retrieved from http://www.crie.org.nz/research_paper/c_griffiths_op1.pdf
  • Hassan, X., Macaro, E., Mason, D., Nye, G., Smith, P., & Vanderplank, R. (2005) Strategy training in language learning: A systematic review of available research. In: Research Evidence in Education Library. London: EPPI-Centre, Social Science Research Unit, Institute of Education, University of London.
  • Hattie, J., Biggs, J., & Purdie, N. (1996). Effects of learning skills interventions on student learning: a Meta-analysis. Review of Educational Research, 66(2), 99-136.
  • Hofer, B. K., & Yu, S. L. (2003). Teaching Self-Regulated Learning through a "Learning to Learn" Course.Teaching of Psychology, 30(1), 30-33.
  • Hofer, B. K., Yu, S. L., & Pintrich, P. R. (1998). Teaching college students to be self- regulated learners. In D. H. Schunk & B. J. Zimmerman (Eds.) Self- regulated learning: From teaching to self- reflective practice (pp. 57-85). New York, NY: The Guilford Press.
  • Hunt, A. & Beglar, D. (2005) A framework for developing EFL reading vocabulary. Reading in a foreign language, 17(1).
  • Retrieved from http://nflrc.hawaii.edu/rfl/april2005/hunt/hunt.html Keirns, J. L. (1999). Designs for self-instruction: principles, processes, and issues in developing self- directed learning. London: Allyn and Bacon Lan, W. Y. (1996). The effects of self-monitoring on students' course performance, use of learning strategies, attitude, self-judgment ability, and knowledge representation. Journal of Experimental Education, 64(2), 101-115.
  • Lindner. R. W., & Harris, B. R. (1993). Teaching self- regulated learning strategies. ERIC Documentation Reproduction Services. No. ED 362 182.
  • McDonough, S. K. (July/ August, 2001). Promoting self- regulation in foreign language learners. The clearing house, Washington, 74(6), 323-326. Retrieved from http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb Montalvo, F.T.,& Torres, M. C. G. (2004). Self- regulated learning: Current and future directions. Electronic Journal of Research in Educational Psychology, 2(1), 1-34.
  • Najar, R. L. (1999). Pathways to success: learning strategy instruction in content curriculum. Paper presented at the HERDSA Annual International Conference. Retrieved from http://www.herdsa.org.au/wpcontent/uploads/conference/1999/pdf/Najar.PDF Nunan, D. (1997). Does learner strategy training make a difference? Lenguas Modernas, 24, 123-142.
  • O’Malley, J. M., & Chamot, A. U. (1990). Learning strategies in second language acquisition. New York: Cambridge University Press.
  • Oxford, R. L. (1990). Language learning strategies: What every teacher should know. Boston, MA: Heinle & Heinle.
  • Paris, S. G., & Paris, A. H. (2001). Classroom applications of research on self-regulated learning. Educational Psychologist, 36(2), 89-101.
  • Perels, F., Dignath, C., & Schmitz, B. (2009). Is it possible to improve mathematical achievement by means of selfregulation strategies? Evaluation of an intervention in regular math classes. European Journal of Psychology of Education, 24(1), 17-31.
  • Ramdass, D., & Zimmerman, B. J. (2008). Effects of self-Correction strategy training on middle school students' selfefficacy, self-evaluation, and mathematics division learning. Journal of Advanced Academics, 20(1), 18-41.
  • Rivera-Mills, S. V., & Plonsky, L. (2007). Empowering students with language learning strategies: A critical review of current issues. Foreign Language Annals, 40(3), 535-548.
  • Rubin, J., Chamot, A. U., Harris, V., & Anderson, N. J. (2007). Intervening in the use of strategies. In A. D. Cohen & E.
  • Macaro. (Eds.) Language Learner Strategies (pp. 140-164). New York, NY: Oxford University Press.
  • Ruya, Guzel-Ozmen. (2006).The effectiveness of modified cognitive strategy instruction in writing with mildly mentally retarded Turkish students. Exceptional Children. 72 (3), 281-297. Retrieved from http://goliath.ecnext.com/coms2/gi_0199-5443466/The-effectiveness-of-modified-cognitive.html#abstract
  • Schunk, D. H. (1989). Social cognitive theory and self- regulated learning. In B. J.Zimmerman & D. H. Schunk (Eds.), Self- regulated learning and academic achievement: Theory, research, and practice (pp. 83-110). New York, NY: Springer-Verlag.
  • Schunk, D. H., & Ertmer, P. A. (2005). Self-regulation and academic learning: Self-efficacy enhancing interventions. In M. Boekaerts, P. R. Pintrich, & M. Zeidner (Eds.), Handbook of self-regulation (pp. 631-649). San Diego, CA: Academic Press.
  • Schunk, D. H., & Zimmerman, B. J. (1997). Social origins of self-regulatory competence. Educational Psychologist, 32(4), 195-208.
  • Souvignier, E., & Mokhlesgerami, J. (2006). Using self- regulation as a framework for implementing strategy instruction to foster reading comprehension. Learning and Instruction 16, 57- 71.
  • Tan, K. H., & Bromeley, P. (2006). Metacognitive strategy instruction (MSI) for reading: Co-regulation of cognition.
  • Journal e-Bangi, 1(1), 1-27. Tang, H. N., & Moore, D. W. (1992). Effects of cognitive and metacognitive pre-reading activities on the reading comprehension of ESL learners. Educational Psychology, 12(3), 315-331.
  • Tseng, W., Dornyei, Z., & Schmitt, N. (2006). A new approach to assessing strategic learning: the case of self regulation in vocabulary acquisition. Applied linguistics 27 (1), 78- 102.
  • van Grinsven, L., & Tillema, H. (2006). Learning opportunities to support student self-regulation: Comparing different instructional formats. Educational Research, 48(1), 77-91.
  • Weinstein, C. E., Husman, J., & Dierking, D. R. (2005). Self- regulation interventions with a focus on learning strategies. In M. Bockaerts, P. R. Pintrich & M. Zeidner (Eds.),Handbook of self regulation (pp.727-747). San Diego, CA: Academic Press.
  • Wenden, A. L. (1987). Incorporating learner training in the classroom. In A. Wenden, & J. Rubin. (Eds.), Learner strategies in language learning (pp. 159-168). Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall. Wenden, A. L. (1991). Learner strategies for learner autonomy. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall.
  • Wenden, A. L. (1998). Learner training in foreign/second language learning: A curricular perspective for the 21st century. ERIC ED 416 67, 1-36.
  • Wenden, A. L. (2002). Learner development in language learning. Applied Linguistics, 23 (1), 32-55.
  • Zeidner, M., Boekaerts, M., & Pintrich, P. R. (2005). Self-regulation: Directions and challenges for future research. In M. Bockaerts, P. R. Pintrich, & M. Zeidner. (Eds.), Handbook of self- regulation (pp. 747-768). San Diego, CA: Academic Press.
  • Zimmerman, B. J. (1989a). A social cognitive view of self- regulated academic learning. Journal of Educational Psychology, 81(3), 329- 339.
  • Zimmerman, B.J. (1989b). Models of self- regulated learning and academic achievement. In B. J. Zimmerman & D. H.
  • Schunk (Eds.), Self- regulated learning and academic achievement: Theory, research, and practice (pp. 1-19). New York, NY: Springer-Verlag.
  • Zimmerman, B. J. (1998). Developing self- fulfilling cycles of academic regulation: An analysis of exemplary instruction models. In D. H. Schunk & B. J. Zimmerman. (Eds.), Self- regulated learning: From teaching to self reflective practice (pp. 1-19). London, UK: The Guilford Press.
  • Zimmerman, B. J. (2000). Attaining self- regulation: A social cognitive perspective. In M. Boekaerts, P. R. Pintrich, & M.
  • Zeidner (Eds.), Handbook of self- regulation (pp. 13-39). San Diego, CA: Academic Press.
  • Zimmerman, B. J. (2001).Theories of self- regulated learning and academic achievement: An overview and analysis. In B. J. Zimmerman & D. H. Schunk (Eds.), Self- regulated learning and academic achievement: Theoretical perspectives (pp. 1-38). Mahwah, NJ: Erlbaum.
  • Zimmerman, B.J., Bonner, S., & Kovach, R. (1996). Developing self- regulated learners: beyond achievement to self- efficacy. Washington, DC: American Psychological Association
  • Zimmerman, B. J., & Kitsantas, A. (1997). Developmental phases in self-regulation: Shifting from process goals to outcome goals. Journal of Educational Psychology, 89(1), 29-36.
  • Zimmerman, B. J., & Kitsantas, A. (1999). Acquiring writing revision skill: Shifting from process to outcome self regulatory goals. Journal of Educational Psychology, 91, 1-10
  • Zimmerman, B. J., & Martinez- Pons, M. (1986). Development of a structured interview for assessing student use of self- regulated learning strategies. American Educational Research Journal. 23 (4), 614- 628.
  • Zimmerman, B. J., & Risemberg, R. (1997). Self-regulatory dimensions of academic learning and motivation. In G.D. Phye (Eds.), Handbook of academic learning: Construction of knowledge (pp. 105-125). New York, NY: Academic Press.
Toplam 62 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Diğer ID JA46DE34UR
Bölüm Makaleler
Yazarlar

Aminah Ma Ping Bu kişi benim

Yayımlanma Tarihi 14 Temmuz 2016
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2012 Cilt: 2 Sayı: 2

Kaynak Göster

APA Ping, A. M. (2016). Understanding self-regulated learning and its implications for strategy instruction in language education. The Journal of Language Learning and Teaching, 2(2), 89-104.