Evaluation of 8-10 age group children's attitudes and perceptions about smile aesthetics

Yıl 2023, , 684 - 689, 31.12.2023

Erenay Alpayçetin , Alaattin Tekeli , Haluk Emre Özel , Elif Bahar Tuna Ince

https://doi.org/10.47582/jompac.1398670

Öz

Aims: The aim of this study is to determine the attitudes and perceptions of 8-10-year-old children regarding smile aesthetics.
Methods: The cross-sectional study included 159 children aged 8-10 and their parents who were undergoing treatment in the Department of Pedodontics at İstanbul University. Participants were asked to fill out a questionnaire consisting of 26 questions. The first 8 questions aimed to assess the socio-demographic characteristics of the families, while the remaining 18 questions measured the attitudes and perceptions of children regarding smile aesthetics in 7 categories. The categories included satisfaction/dissatisfaction, honesty, sacrifice/deceit, selfishness, extroversion/introversion, personal happiness, intelligence, health status, and leadership. Photographs of children with different dental conditions (normally aligned teeth, crowded incisors, and diastema) were shown to the participants. Statistical analyses were performed using SPSS 25.0 software.
Results: Data regarding the seven areas of interest showed that children aged 8-10 years viewed their peers with normally-aligned teeth more favourably as far as extroversion and health status were concerned (p=0.042 and p=0.022 respectively). However, there was no statistically significant difference with regard to satisfaction/dissatisfaction, honesty, sacrifice/deceit, selfishness, personal happiness, intelligence and leadership in children with harmonious, as opposed to crowded or diastema.
Conclusion: Our study suggests that smile aesthetics have a significant impact on social perception during childhood. Orthodontic treatments not only affect smile aesthetics but also influence individuals' social aspects.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Child, smile aesthetics, social perception

8-10 yaş grubu çocukların gülüş estetiği ile ilgili tutum ve algılarının değerlendirilmesi

Öz

Bu çalışmanın amacı 8-10 yaş grubu çocukların gülümseme estetiğine ilişkin tutum ve algılarını belirlemektir. Kesitsel tipteki bu çalışmaya İstanbul Üniversitesi Pedodonti Ana Bilim Dalı'nda tedavi gören 8-10 yaş arası 159 çocuk ve ebeveynleri dahil edilmiştir. Katılımcılardan 26 sorudan oluşan anket formunu doldurmaları istenmiştir. Anketteki ilk 8 soru ailelerin sosyodemografik özelliklerini değerlendirmeyi amaçlarken, geriye kalan 18 soru ise çocukların gülüş estetiği ile ilgili tutum ve algılarını ölçen 7 kategoriden oluşmaktadır. Bunlar memnuniyet/memnuniyetsizlik; dürüstlük, fedakarlık/yalancılık, bencillik; dışa dönüklük/içe dönüklük; kişisel mutluluk; zeka; sağlıklı olma durumu ve liderlik ile ilgilidir. Katılımcılara gösterilen çocukların fotoğrafları, düzgün diş dizilimine sahip (ok tip), çapraşık kesici dişlere sahip (c tip) ve diastemalı dişlere sahip (d tip) olacak şekilde hazırlanmıştır. Veriler SPSS 25.0 yazılım programı kullanılarak analiz edilmiştir. Verilerin istatiksel analizlerine göre 8-10 yaş grubu arasındaki çocuklar, düzgün diş dizilimine sahip akranlarını istatiksel olarak anlamlı bir şekilde daha dışa dönük bulmaktadırlar (p=0.042). Ayrıca sağlık açısından “ok tip” grubundaki erkekler ile “c tip” grubundaki erkekler arasında anlamlı bir fark bulunmuştur (p=0.022). Ancak üç grup arasında kişisel mutluluk, zeka, liderlik, memnuniyet ve dürüstlük açısından anlamlı bir farklılık tespit edilmemiştir. Elde edilen bulgulara dayanarak, gülüş estetiğinin çocukluk döneminde sosyal algı üzerinde önemli bir etkisi olduğu sonucuna varılmıştır. Yapılan ortodontik tedavilerin yalnızca gülümseme estetiği üzerine değil, kişilerin sosyal yönleri üzerinde de etkisi bulunmaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Çocuk, Gülümseme estetiği, Sosyal algı

Kaynakça

• Milutinovic J, Aleksic E, Avramov S, et al. Esthetic preferences of orthodontists, dentists, and plastic surgeons for balanced facial profiles. J Oral Sci. 2023;65(2):73-76.
• Flores-Mir C, Silva E, Barriga MI, Lagravère MO, Major PW. Lay person’s perception of smile aesthetics in dental and facial views. J Orthod. 2004;31(3):204-209.
• Balavanthapu A, Sahana S, Vasa AAK. Assessment of lip phenotype and its association with anterior tooth alignment in children. Int J of Pedod Rehabil. 2019;4(2):55-59
• Isiekwe GI, Aikins EA. Self-perception of dental appearance and aesthetics in a student population. Int Orthod. 2019;17(3):506-512.
• Goldstein RE. Study of need for esthetics in dentistry. J Prosthet Dent. 1969;21(6):589-598
• Tin-Oo MM, Saddki N, Hassan N. Factors influencing patient satisfaction with dental appearance and treatments they desire to improve aesthetics. BMC Oral Health. 2011;11(1):1-8.
• Patniak VVG, Singla RK, Bala S. Anatomy of "a beautiful face and smile". J Anat Soc India. 2003;52(1):74-80.
• Tuzgiray YB, Kaya B. Factors affecting smile esthetics. Turkish J Orthod. 2013;26(1):58-64.
• Pithon MM, Santos AM, Viana De Andrade ACD, Santos EM, Couto FS, Da Silva Coqueiro R. Perception of the esthetic impact of gingival smile on laypersons, dental professionals, and dental students. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol. 2013;115(4):448-454.
• Sarver DM. The importance of incisor positioning in the esthetic smile: the smile arc. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2001;120(2):98-111.
• Shaw WC. The influence of children’s dentofacial appearance on their social attractiveness as judged by peers and lay adults. Am J Orthod. 1981;79(4):399-415.
• Shaw WC, Rees G, Dawe M, Charles CR. The influence of dentofacial appearance on the social attractiveness of young adults. Am J Orthod. 1985;87(1):21-26.
• Gosney MB. An investigation into some of the factors influencing the desire for orthodontic treatment. Br J Orthod. 1986;13(2):87-94.
• Birkeland K, Bøe OE, Wisth PJ. Relationship between occlusion and satisfaction with dental appearance in orthodontically treated and untreated groups. a longitudinal study. Eur J Orthod. 2000;22(5):509-518.
• Ahrari F, Heravi F, Rashed R, Zarrabi MJ, Setayesh Y. Which factors affect dental esthetics and smile attractiveness in orthodontically treated patients? J Dent (Tehran). 2015;12(7):491-503.
• Nevin JB, Keim R. Social psychology of facial appearance. In: Nanda R, eds. Biomechanics and Esthetic Strategies in Clinical Orthodontics. WB Saunders:2005:94-109.
• Buss DM, Schmitt DP. Sexual strategies theory: an evolutionary perspective on human mating. Psychol Rev. 1993;100(2):204-232.
• Hosoda M, Stone-Romero EF, Coats G. The effects of physical attractiveness on job-related outcomes: a meta-analysis of experimental studies. Pers Psychol. 2003;56(2):431-462.
• Kerosuo H, Hausen H, Laine T, Shaw WC. The influence of incisal malocclusion on the social attractiveness of young adults in Finland. Eur J Orthod. 1995;17(6):505-512.
• Zhaoc Z, Zhanga YF, Xiaoa L, Li J, Penga YR. Young people’s esthetic perception of dental midline deviation. Angle Orthod. 2010;80(3):515-520.
• Musskopf ML, da Rocha JM, Rösing CK. Perception of smile esthetics varies between patients and dental professionals when recession defects are present. Braz Dent J. 2013;24(4):385-390.
• Lombardo L, Berveglieri C, Guarneri A, Siciliani G. Dynamic evaluation of anterior dental alignment in a sample of 8- to 11-year-old children. Int Orthod. 2012;10(2):177-189.
• Verdecchia F, Bee M, Lombardo L, Sgarbanti C, Gracco A. Influence of anterior tooth alignment on peer perception in 8- to 10-year-old children. Eur J Orthod. 2011;33(2):155-160.
• Turkish Statistical Institute. Statistics Data Portal. Available at: "‘https://Data.Tuik.Gov.Tr’"
• Schabel BJ, Baccetti T, Franchi L, McNamara JA. Clinical photography vs digital video clips for the assessment of smile esthetics. Angle Orthod. 2010;80(4):490-496.
• Gavric A, Mirceta D, Jakobovic M, Pavlic A, Zrinski MT, Spalj S. Craniodentofacial characteristics, dental esthetics-related quality of life, and self-esteem. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2015;147(6):711-718.
• Sabbah A. Smile analysis: diagnosis and treatment planning. Dent Clin North Am. 2022;66(3):307-341.
• Perillo L, Esposito M, Caprioglio A, Attanasio S, Santini AC, Carotenuto M. Orthodontic treatment need for adolescents in the Campania region: the malocclusion impact on self-concept. Patient Prefer Adherence. 2014;8:353-359.
• Williams RP, Rinchuse DJ, Zullo TG. Perceptions of midline deviations among different facial types. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2014;145(2):249-255.
• Batwa W. The influence of the smile on the perceived facial type esthetics. Biomed Res Int. 2018;2018:3562916.