The impact of educational level on the adequacy of bowel preparation before colonoscopy

Fırat Canlıkarakaya; Serhat Ocaklı; İbrahim Doğan; Sezai Kantar; Hüseyin Turap

doi:10.47582/jompac.1889717

The impact of educational level on the adequacy of bowel preparation before colonoscopy

Abstract

Aims: Adequate bowel preparation is crucial for effective and accurate colonoscopy, which plays a key role in the early detection and treatment of colorectal cancer (CRC). However, inadequate preparation remains a common issue influenced by various factors. This study aims to evaluate the impact of patients’ educational level on the adequacy of bowel preparation prior to colonoscopy. Methods: A total of 525 patients who underwent colonoscopy between January 1, 2024 and December 31, 2024 were evaluated retrospectively. The education levels of the patients were classified into 6 groups. Bowel preparation quality was assessed using the Marden Bowel Preparation Classification. p<0.05 was accepted as a statistically significant value. Results: A total of 11 (2.1%) patients were in group 1, 39 (7.4%) were in group 2, 120 (22.9%) were in group 3, 170 (32.4%) were in group 4, 131 (25%) were in group 5, and 54 (10.3%) were in group 6. According to the Marden Bowel Preparation Classification, 75 (14.3%) were grade 4, 43 (8.2%) grade 3, 112 (21.3%) grade 2, and 295 (56.3%) grade 1. A statistically significant association between educational level and bowel preparation grade was observed in unadjusted analysis (Kruskal-Wallis test, p<0.001). Post-hoc pairwise comparisons (Dunn’s test with Bonferroni correction) showed no significant difference between groups 1-2 and groups 5-6 (p>0.05). However, in multivariable logistic regression analysis adjusted for age, sex, ASA score, comorbidity status, and colonoscopy indication, educational level was not an independent predictor of inadequate bowel preparation (Marden grade 4). Conclusion: Although bowel preparation quality differed across educational groups in unadjusted analysis, educational level was not independently associated with inadequate bowel preparation after adjustment for potential confounders. These findings suggest that bowel preparation adequacy may be influenced by multiple clinical and demographic factors beyond educational level alone.

Keywords

References

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Details

Primary Language

English

Subjects

General Surgery

Journal Section

Research Article

Authors

Fırat Canlıkarakaya ^*
0000-0003-4858-7480
Türkiye

Serhat Ocaklı
0000-0002-3176-4914
Türkiye

İbrahim Doğan
0000-0001-7413-1837
Türkiye

Sezai Kantar
0000-0001-6329-3494
Türkiye

Hüseyin Turap
0000-0001-7491-3134
Türkiye

Publication Date

March 27, 2026

Submission Date

February 15, 2026

Acceptance Date

March 20, 2026

Published in Issue

Year 2026 Volume: 7 Number: 2

DOI

https://doi.org/10.47582/jompac.1889717

IZ

https://izlik.org/JA25HE44UW

Cite

RIS / Bibtex

APA

Canlıkarakaya, F., Ocaklı, S., Doğan, İ., Kantar, S., & Turap, H. (2026). The impact of educational level on the adequacy of bowel preparation before colonoscopy. Journal of Medicine and Palliative Care, 7(2), 369-374. https://doi.org/10.47582/jompac.1889717

AMA

1.Canlıkarakaya F, Ocaklı S, Doğan İ, Kantar S, Turap H. The impact of educational level on the adequacy of bowel preparation before colonoscopy. J Med Palliat Care / JOMPAC / jompac. 2026;7(2):369-374. doi:10.47582/jompac.1889717

Chicago

Canlıkarakaya, Fırat, Serhat Ocaklı, İbrahim Doğan, Sezai Kantar, and Hüseyin Turap. 2026. “The Impact of Educational Level on the Adequacy of Bowel Preparation before Colonoscopy”. Journal of Medicine and Palliative Care 7 (2): 369-74. https://doi.org/10.47582/jompac.1889717.

EndNote

Canlıkarakaya F, Ocaklı S, Doğan İ, Kantar S, Turap H (March 1, 2026) The impact of educational level on the adequacy of bowel preparation before colonoscopy. Journal of Medicine and Palliative Care 7 2 369–374.

IEEE

[1]F. Canlıkarakaya, S. Ocaklı, İ. Doğan, S. Kantar, and H. Turap, “The impact of educational level on the adequacy of bowel preparation before colonoscopy”, J Med Palliat Care / JOMPAC / jompac, vol. 7, no. 2, pp. 369–374, Mar. 2026, doi: 10.47582/jompac.1889717.

ISNAD

Canlıkarakaya, Fırat - Ocaklı, Serhat - Doğan, İbrahim - Kantar, Sezai - Turap, Hüseyin. “The Impact of Educational Level on the Adequacy of Bowel Preparation before Colonoscopy”. Journal of Medicine and Palliative Care 7/2 (March 1, 2026): 369-374. https://doi.org/10.47582/jompac.1889717.

JAMA

1.Canlıkarakaya F, Ocaklı S, Doğan İ, Kantar S, Turap H. The impact of educational level on the adequacy of bowel preparation before colonoscopy. J Med Palliat Care / JOMPAC / jompac. 2026;7:369–374.

MLA

Canlıkarakaya, Fırat, et al. “The Impact of Educational Level on the Adequacy of Bowel Preparation before Colonoscopy”. Journal of Medicine and Palliative Care, vol. 7, no. 2, Mar. 2026, pp. 369-74, doi:10.47582/jompac.1889717.

Vancouver

1.Fırat Canlıkarakaya, Serhat Ocaklı, İbrahim Doğan, Sezai Kantar, Hüseyin Turap. The impact of educational level on the adequacy of bowel preparation before colonoscopy. J Med Palliat Care / JOMPAC / jompac. 2026 Mar. 1;7(2):369-74. doi:10.47582/jompac.1889717