Topraklardaki Mikroplastik Kirliliğinin Bitki Besin Elementlerinin Alımı Üzerindeki Etkisi

Öz

Mikroplastikler; partikül boyutu 1 µm'den 5 mm'ye kadar olan, farklı çeşit ve oranlarda polimer ve katkı maddelerinden oluşan ve günümüz dünyasında yarattıkları çevre kirliliği ile gün geçtikte daha fazla gündeme gelen küçük parçacıklardır. Topraklarda bulunan mikroplastik miktarına bağlı olarak kirlenmiş topraklarda üreticiler tarafından yetiştirilen bitkiler bu durumdan olumsuz olarak etkilenebilmektedir. Bu husus ön planda tutularak yapılan çalışmada çeşitli oranlarda mikroplastik ile kirletilmiş topraklarda yetişen buğday bitkisinin toprakta bulunan bitki besin elementlerinden faydalanma durumları araştırılmıştır. Bitki olarak ülkemizde ve dünyada kültür tarımında önemli yer tutan ve Trakya bölgesinde üreticiler tarafından büyük ölçekli tarım topraklarında üretimi yapılan buğday bitkisi (Triticum aestivum L.) tercih edilmiş olup, verim özelliğinin yüksek olması, Trakya Bölgesi yetiştiricilerinin tercih ettiği bir çeşit olması, kuraklık ve soğuğa dayanım özelliğinden dolayı da NKÜ Lider çeşidi tercih edilmiştir. Araştırmada saksılara doldurulan topraklar, Tekirdağ Namık Kemal Üniversitesi yerleşkesinde bulunan üretim alanlarından temin edilerek saksı ortamlarına aktarılmış ve 3 tekerrürlü olmak üzere 10 g mikroplastik / kg toprak, 50 g mikroplastik / kg toprak ve 100 g mikroplastik / kg toprak içerecek şekilde bitki yetişme ortamları hazırlanmıştır. Ayrıca 3 tekerrürlü mikroplastik içermeyen kontrol yetiştirme ortamında da buğday bitkileri yetiştirilerek karşılaştırma yapılmıştır. Çalışmada bitki büyüme özellikleri olarak bitki boyu büyümesi, nem ve organik madde miktarına bakılırken, bitki besin elementi alım özellikleri açısından da N, P, K, Ca, Mg, Fe, Cu, Zn ve Na bitki besin elementlerinin analiz için alınan bitki örneklerinde bulunan düzeyleri incelenmiştir. Yapılan çalışma sonucunda toprakta bulunan farklı mikroplastik kirlenme düzeylerinin, yetiştirilen buğday (Triticum aestivum L.) bitkisi örneklerindeki bitki besin elementi alımına etkisi ortaya konulmuştur.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Mikroplastik
• Bitki besin elementi
• Toprak kirliliği
• Buğday

Destekleyen Kurum

Tekirdağ Namık Kemal University.

Etik Beyan

There is no need to obtain permission from the ethics committee for this study.

Teşekkür

This study was funded by Scientific Research Projects Coordination Unit of Tekirdağ Namık Kemal University. Project Number NKUBAP.03.DPÖ.23.512.

The Impact of Microplastic Pollution in Soils on The Uptake of Plant Nutrient Elements

Öz

Microplastics are small plastic particles, ranging from 1 µm to 5 mm in size, composed of various types and proportions of polymers and additives. They have become an increasing environmental concern due to the pollution they cause in today’s world. The plants grown by producers in soils contaminated with microplastics may be negatively affected depending on the amount of microplastics present in the soil. In this study, which emphasizes this issue, the utilization of plant nutrients from the soil by wheat plants grown in soils contaminated with different proportions of microplastics was investigated. The wheat plant (Triticum aestivum L.), which holds significant importance in both domestic and global agriculture and is produced on a large scale by producers in the Thrace region, was chosen for the study. The NKÜ Lider variety was preferred due to its high yield, popularity among Thrace farmers, and resistance to drought and cold. The soils used in the study were obtained from production areas at Tekirdağ Namık Kemal University campus, transferred to pots, and prepared as growing environments with 10 g microplastics / kg soil, 50 g microplastics / kg soil, and 100 g microplastics / kg soil, with three replications. Additionally, wheat plants were grown in a microplastic-free control environment with three replications for comparison. In the study, plant growth characteristics, such as plant height, moisture, and organic matter, were observed, while the levels of plant nutrients (N, P, K, Ca, Mg, Fe, Cu, Zn, and Na) in plant samples taken for analysis were also examined. As a result of the study, the effect of different levels of microplastic contamination in the soil on the nutrient uptake of the wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) plants was revealed.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Microplastic
• Plant nutrient element
• Soil pollution
• Wheat

Destekleyen Kurum

Tekirdağ Namık Kemal University.

Etik Beyan

There is no need to obtain permission from the ethics committee for this study.

Teşekkür

This study was funded by Scientific Research Projects Coordination Unit of Tekirdağ Namık Kemal University. Project Number NKUBAP.03.DPÖ.23.512.

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