Araştırma Makalesi
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Yıl 2018, Cilt: 15 Sayı: 3, 25 - 35, 15.09.2018

Öz

Kaynakça

  • Referans 1 Anonim, 2016. http://www.tuik.gov.tr/PreTablo.do?alt_id=1001
  • Referans 2 Aydemir, M. 2008. Sebze Zararlıları Bölümü. Sebze Hastalıkları, Sebze Zararlıları ve Depolanmış Soğan ve Patateslerdeki Filizlenmeler. İç: (ed). Zirai Mücadele Teknik Talimatları. Başak Matbaacılık Ltd. Şti., Ankara. Cilt 3: 171-312.
  • Referans 3 Blande, J. D., M. Korjus, and J. K. Holopainen. 2010. Foliar methyl salicylate emissions indicate prolonged aphid infestation on silver birch and black alder. Tree Phys. 30: 404-416.
  • Referans 4 Gencer, N.S., Kumral, N.A., Sivritepe, H.O., Seidi, M., Susurluk, H., Senturk, B. 2009. Olfactory response of the ladybird beetle Stethorus gilvifrons to two preys and herbivore-induced plant volatiles. Phytoparasitica 37: 217-224.
  • Referans 5 Girling, R.D., Hassall, M., Turner, J.G., Poppy, G.M. 2006. Behavioural responses of the aphid parasitoid Diaeretiella rapae to volatiles from Arabidopsis thaliana induced by Myzus persicae. Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata 120: 1–9.
  • Referans 6 Glinwood, R.T., Pettersson, J., 2000. Change in response of Rhopalosiphum padi spring migrants to the repellent winter host component methyl salicylate. Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata 94, 325–330.
  • Referans 7 Hardie J., Isaacs R., Pickett J. A., Wadhams L. J., Woodcock C. M. 1994. Methyl salicylate and (~)-(1R,5S)-Myrtenal are plant-derived repellents for black bean aphid, Aphis fabae Scop. (Homoptera: Aphididae). J Chem Ecol 20: 2847-2855.
  • Referans 8 Himanen, S., T. Vuorinen, T. Tuovinen, and J. K. Holopainen. 2005. Effects of cyclamen mite (Phytonemus pallidus) and leaf beetle (Galerucella tenella) damage on volatile emission from strawberry (Fragaria _ ananassa Duch.) plants and orientation of predatory mites (Neoseiulus cucumeris, N. californicus, and Euseius finlandicus). J. Agric. Food Chem. 53: 8624-8630.
  • Referans 9 Holopainen J. K. 2004. Multiple functions of inducible plant volatiles. Trends in Plant Science 9: 529-533.
  • Referans 10 James, D.G. 2003a. Field evaluation of herbivore-induced plant volatiles as attractants for beneficial insects: Methyl Salicylate and the green lacewing, Chrysopa nigricornis. Journal of Chemical Ecology, 29 (7): 1601-1609.
  • Referans 11 James, D.G. 2003b. Synthetic herbivore-induced plant volatiles as field attractants for beneficial insects. Environmental Entomology 32(5): 977-982.
  • Referans 12 James, D.G., Price, T. 2004. Field-testing of Methyl salicylate for recruitment and retention of beneficial insects grapes and hops. Journal of Chemical Ecology, 30(8): 1613-1628.
  • Referans 13 James, D.G. 2005. Further field evaluation of synthetic herbivore-induced plant volatiles as attractants for beneficial insects. Journal of Chemical Ecology, 31(3): 481- 495.
  • Referans 14 Janssen, A., Pallini, A., Venzon, M., Sabelis, M.W. 1999. Absence of odourmediated avoidance of heterospecific competitors by the predatory mite Phytoseiulus persimilis. Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata 92: 73–82.
  • Referans 15 Khan, Z.R., James, D.G., Midega, C.A.O., Pickett, J.A. 2008. Chemical ecology and conservation biological control. Biological Control 45: 210–224.
  • Referans 16 Llusia, J., Peñuelas, J. 2001. Emission of volatile organic compounds by apple trees under spider mite attack and attraction of predatory mites. Experimental and Applied Acarology 25: 65-77.
  • Referans 17 Losel, P. M., M. Lindemann, J. Scherkenbeck, J. Maier, B. Engelhard, C. A. Campbell, J. Hardie, J. A. Pickett, L. J. Wadhams, A. Elbert, and G. Thielking. 1996. The potential of semiochemicals for control of Phorodon humuli (Homoptera: Aphididae). Pestic. Sci. 48: 293-303.
  • Referans 18 Maeda, T., Takabayashi, J., Yano, S., Takafuji, A. 2001. Variation in the olfactory response of 13 populations of the predatory mite Amblyseius womersleyi to Tetranychus urticae-infested plant volatiles (Acari: Phytoseiidae, Tetran¬ychidae). Experimental and Applied Acarology 25: 55- 64.
  • Referans 19 Maeda, T., and Y. N. Liu. 2006. Intraspecific vari¬ation in the olfactory response of the predatory mite Neose¬iulus womersleyi Schicha (Acari: Phytoseiidae) to different amount of spider mite-infested plant volatiles. Appl. Ento¬mol. Zool. 41: 209-215.
  • Referans 20 Mallinger R. E., Hogg D. B., and Gratton C., 2011. Methyl Salicylate Attracts Natural Enemies and Reduces Populations of Soybean Aphids (Hemiptera: Aphididae) in Soybean Agroecosystems. Journal of Economic Entomology, 104(1):115-124.
  • Referans 21 Ninkovic, V., E. Ahmed, R. Glinwood, and J. Petterson. 2003. Effects of two types of semiochemical on population development of the bird cherry oat aphid Rho¬palosiphum padi in a barley crop. Agric. Forest Entomol. 5: 27-33.
  • Referans 22 Pickett, J.A., Bruce, T.J.A., Chamberlain, K., Hassanali, A., Khan, Z.R., Matthes, M.C., Napier, J.A., Smart, L.E., Wadhams, L.J., Woodcock, C.M. 2006. Plant volatiles yielding new ways to exploit plant defence. In: Dic¬ke, M., Takken, W. (Eds.), Chemical Ecology: From Gene to Ecosystem. Springer, Netherlands, pp: 161–173.
  • Referans 23 Sabelis, M.W., Van Baalen, M., Bakker, F.M., Bruin, J., Drukker, B., Egas, M., Janssen, A.R.M., Lesna, I.K., Pels, B., Van Rijn, P.C.J., Scutareanu, P. 1999. The evalution of direct and indırect plant defence against hebivorous arthropods: Herbivores: between plants and predators, Ed.: Olff, H., Brown, V.K., Drent, R.H., The 38th Symposium of British Ecological Society, Blackwell Science, pp: 109-166.
  • Referans 24 Simpson M., Gurr G. M., Simmons A. T., Wratten S. D., James D. G., Leeson G., Nicoll H. I. and Orre-Gordon G.U.S., 2011. Attract and reward: combining chemical ecology and habitat manipulation to enhance biological control in field crops. Journal of Applied Ecology, 48, 580–590.
  • Referans 25 Takabayashi, J., Dicke, M. 1992. Response of pre¬datory mites with different rearing histories to volatiles of uninfested plants. Entomol. exp. appl. 64: 187-193.
  • Referans 26 Tatemoto, S., Shimoda, T. 2008. Olfactory responses of the predatory mites (Neoseiulus cucumeris) and insects (Orius strigicollis) to two different plant species infested with onion thrips (Thrips tabaci). J Chem Ecol 34: 605–613.
  • Referans 27 Webster, B., Bruce, T., Dufour, S., Birkemeyer, C., Birkett, M., Hardie, J., Pickett, J. 2008. Identification of volatiles compounds used in host location by the black bean aphid, Aphis fabae. J Chem Ecol 34: 1153-1161.
  • Referans 28 Williams III, L., Rodriguez-Saona, C., Castle, S. C., Zhu, S. 2008. EAG-active herbivore-induced plant volatiles modify behavioral responses and host attack by An egg parasitoid. J Chem Ecol 34: 1190–1201.
  • Referans 29 Woods J. L. James D. G. Lee J. C. Gent D. H. 2011. Evaluation of airborne methyl salicylate for impro¬ved conservation biological control of two-spotted spider mite and hop aphid in Oregon hop yards. Exp Appl Acarol 55:401–416.
  • Referans 30 Yu, H., Zhang, Y., Wu, K., Gao, X.W., Guo, Y.Y. 2008. Field-testing of synthetic herbivore-induced plant vo¬latiles as attractants for beneficial insects. Environtmental Entomology 37(6): 1410-1415.
  • Referans 31 Zhu, J., Park, K. 2005. Methyl salicylate, a soybean aphid-induced plant volatile attractive to the predator, Coccinella septempunctata. Journal of Chemical Ecology, 31 (8): 1733-1746.

Metil Salisilatın Fasulye Bitkisindeki Yaprak Bitleri (Homoptera: Aphididae) ve Predatörleri Üzerine Etkisinin Değerlendirilmesi

Yıl 2018, Cilt: 15 Sayı: 3, 25 - 35, 15.09.2018

Öz

Metil salisilat (MeSA), zararlıların bitkilerde beslenmeye başlamasından sonra bitkiler tarafından salgılanan, doğal düşmanlar üzerine çekici etkisi bulunan ve zararlı böceklerinde davranışlarını etkileyen bir bileşiktir. Bitkiler tarafından salgılanan bu bileşikler zararlı kaynaklı bitki uçucuları (HIPVs) olarak adlandırılmıştır. Bu çalışmada sentetik olarak kullanılan MeSA’ ın fasulyede zarar yapan yaprak bitleri ve bunların predatörleri üzerine olan etkisi araştırılmıştır. Çalışma 2011-2012 yıllarında arazi koşullarında yürütülmüş; Kontrol, MeSA, Kırmızı örümcek (Tetranychus urticae Koch) ve Kırmızı örümcek+MeSA uygulamalarını içerecek şekilde 3 tekerrürden oluşmuştur. Uygulama parsellerinde içinde 2 ml MeSA bulunan 5 ml’ lik cam şişeler kullanılmıştır ve her hafta yenilenmiştir. Her parselden tesadüfi olarak alınan 15 adet yaprak laboratuarda mikroskop altında incelenmiş, yaprak biti ve predatör sayımları yapılmıştır. Yapılan sayımlara göre, 2011 ve 2012 yıllarında kontrol (0,76± 0,04; 2± 0,2)  parsellerindeki ve Kırmızı örümcek (0,67± 0,08; 0,5± 0,06) parsellerindeki yaprak biti sayısı, MeSA (0,1± 0,02;0) ve Kırmızı örümcek+MeSA (0,1± 0,02; 0,17± 0,02) bulunan parsellere göre daha fazla olmuştur. 2011 yılında Coccinellidler MeSA bulunan parselde (3.33± 0.09),Orius sp. ve syrphid’ler ise Kırmızı örümcek+MeSA bulunan parsellerde daha fazla görülmüştür. Sonuç olarak, bu çalışmada MeSA’ ın kullanımı yaprak bitleri üzerine repellent etki gösterirken, doğal düşmanlarını deneme alanına çekmiş ve predatörlerin etkinliğini artırmıştır. İleriki yıllarda bitki koruma açısından MeSA’nın yaprak bitlerine karşı biyolojik mücadeleyi destekleme çalışmalarında kullanılabileceği düşünülmektedir.

Kaynakça

  • Referans 1 Anonim, 2016. http://www.tuik.gov.tr/PreTablo.do?alt_id=1001
  • Referans 2 Aydemir, M. 2008. Sebze Zararlıları Bölümü. Sebze Hastalıkları, Sebze Zararlıları ve Depolanmış Soğan ve Patateslerdeki Filizlenmeler. İç: (ed). Zirai Mücadele Teknik Talimatları. Başak Matbaacılık Ltd. Şti., Ankara. Cilt 3: 171-312.
  • Referans 3 Blande, J. D., M. Korjus, and J. K. Holopainen. 2010. Foliar methyl salicylate emissions indicate prolonged aphid infestation on silver birch and black alder. Tree Phys. 30: 404-416.
  • Referans 4 Gencer, N.S., Kumral, N.A., Sivritepe, H.O., Seidi, M., Susurluk, H., Senturk, B. 2009. Olfactory response of the ladybird beetle Stethorus gilvifrons to two preys and herbivore-induced plant volatiles. Phytoparasitica 37: 217-224.
  • Referans 5 Girling, R.D., Hassall, M., Turner, J.G., Poppy, G.M. 2006. Behavioural responses of the aphid parasitoid Diaeretiella rapae to volatiles from Arabidopsis thaliana induced by Myzus persicae. Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata 120: 1–9.
  • Referans 6 Glinwood, R.T., Pettersson, J., 2000. Change in response of Rhopalosiphum padi spring migrants to the repellent winter host component methyl salicylate. Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata 94, 325–330.
  • Referans 7 Hardie J., Isaacs R., Pickett J. A., Wadhams L. J., Woodcock C. M. 1994. Methyl salicylate and (~)-(1R,5S)-Myrtenal are plant-derived repellents for black bean aphid, Aphis fabae Scop. (Homoptera: Aphididae). J Chem Ecol 20: 2847-2855.
  • Referans 8 Himanen, S., T. Vuorinen, T. Tuovinen, and J. K. Holopainen. 2005. Effects of cyclamen mite (Phytonemus pallidus) and leaf beetle (Galerucella tenella) damage on volatile emission from strawberry (Fragaria _ ananassa Duch.) plants and orientation of predatory mites (Neoseiulus cucumeris, N. californicus, and Euseius finlandicus). J. Agric. Food Chem. 53: 8624-8630.
  • Referans 9 Holopainen J. K. 2004. Multiple functions of inducible plant volatiles. Trends in Plant Science 9: 529-533.
  • Referans 10 James, D.G. 2003a. Field evaluation of herbivore-induced plant volatiles as attractants for beneficial insects: Methyl Salicylate and the green lacewing, Chrysopa nigricornis. Journal of Chemical Ecology, 29 (7): 1601-1609.
  • Referans 11 James, D.G. 2003b. Synthetic herbivore-induced plant volatiles as field attractants for beneficial insects. Environmental Entomology 32(5): 977-982.
  • Referans 12 James, D.G., Price, T. 2004. Field-testing of Methyl salicylate for recruitment and retention of beneficial insects grapes and hops. Journal of Chemical Ecology, 30(8): 1613-1628.
  • Referans 13 James, D.G. 2005. Further field evaluation of synthetic herbivore-induced plant volatiles as attractants for beneficial insects. Journal of Chemical Ecology, 31(3): 481- 495.
  • Referans 14 Janssen, A., Pallini, A., Venzon, M., Sabelis, M.W. 1999. Absence of odourmediated avoidance of heterospecific competitors by the predatory mite Phytoseiulus persimilis. Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata 92: 73–82.
  • Referans 15 Khan, Z.R., James, D.G., Midega, C.A.O., Pickett, J.A. 2008. Chemical ecology and conservation biological control. Biological Control 45: 210–224.
  • Referans 16 Llusia, J., Peñuelas, J. 2001. Emission of volatile organic compounds by apple trees under spider mite attack and attraction of predatory mites. Experimental and Applied Acarology 25: 65-77.
  • Referans 17 Losel, P. M., M. Lindemann, J. Scherkenbeck, J. Maier, B. Engelhard, C. A. Campbell, J. Hardie, J. A. Pickett, L. J. Wadhams, A. Elbert, and G. Thielking. 1996. The potential of semiochemicals for control of Phorodon humuli (Homoptera: Aphididae). Pestic. Sci. 48: 293-303.
  • Referans 18 Maeda, T., Takabayashi, J., Yano, S., Takafuji, A. 2001. Variation in the olfactory response of 13 populations of the predatory mite Amblyseius womersleyi to Tetranychus urticae-infested plant volatiles (Acari: Phytoseiidae, Tetran¬ychidae). Experimental and Applied Acarology 25: 55- 64.
  • Referans 19 Maeda, T., and Y. N. Liu. 2006. Intraspecific vari¬ation in the olfactory response of the predatory mite Neose¬iulus womersleyi Schicha (Acari: Phytoseiidae) to different amount of spider mite-infested plant volatiles. Appl. Ento¬mol. Zool. 41: 209-215.
  • Referans 20 Mallinger R. E., Hogg D. B., and Gratton C., 2011. Methyl Salicylate Attracts Natural Enemies and Reduces Populations of Soybean Aphids (Hemiptera: Aphididae) in Soybean Agroecosystems. Journal of Economic Entomology, 104(1):115-124.
  • Referans 21 Ninkovic, V., E. Ahmed, R. Glinwood, and J. Petterson. 2003. Effects of two types of semiochemical on population development of the bird cherry oat aphid Rho¬palosiphum padi in a barley crop. Agric. Forest Entomol. 5: 27-33.
  • Referans 22 Pickett, J.A., Bruce, T.J.A., Chamberlain, K., Hassanali, A., Khan, Z.R., Matthes, M.C., Napier, J.A., Smart, L.E., Wadhams, L.J., Woodcock, C.M. 2006. Plant volatiles yielding new ways to exploit plant defence. In: Dic¬ke, M., Takken, W. (Eds.), Chemical Ecology: From Gene to Ecosystem. Springer, Netherlands, pp: 161–173.
  • Referans 23 Sabelis, M.W., Van Baalen, M., Bakker, F.M., Bruin, J., Drukker, B., Egas, M., Janssen, A.R.M., Lesna, I.K., Pels, B., Van Rijn, P.C.J., Scutareanu, P. 1999. The evalution of direct and indırect plant defence against hebivorous arthropods: Herbivores: between plants and predators, Ed.: Olff, H., Brown, V.K., Drent, R.H., The 38th Symposium of British Ecological Society, Blackwell Science, pp: 109-166.
  • Referans 24 Simpson M., Gurr G. M., Simmons A. T., Wratten S. D., James D. G., Leeson G., Nicoll H. I. and Orre-Gordon G.U.S., 2011. Attract and reward: combining chemical ecology and habitat manipulation to enhance biological control in field crops. Journal of Applied Ecology, 48, 580–590.
  • Referans 25 Takabayashi, J., Dicke, M. 1992. Response of pre¬datory mites with different rearing histories to volatiles of uninfested plants. Entomol. exp. appl. 64: 187-193.
  • Referans 26 Tatemoto, S., Shimoda, T. 2008. Olfactory responses of the predatory mites (Neoseiulus cucumeris) and insects (Orius strigicollis) to two different plant species infested with onion thrips (Thrips tabaci). J Chem Ecol 34: 605–613.
  • Referans 27 Webster, B., Bruce, T., Dufour, S., Birkemeyer, C., Birkett, M., Hardie, J., Pickett, J. 2008. Identification of volatiles compounds used in host location by the black bean aphid, Aphis fabae. J Chem Ecol 34: 1153-1161.
  • Referans 28 Williams III, L., Rodriguez-Saona, C., Castle, S. C., Zhu, S. 2008. EAG-active herbivore-induced plant volatiles modify behavioral responses and host attack by An egg parasitoid. J Chem Ecol 34: 1190–1201.
  • Referans 29 Woods J. L. James D. G. Lee J. C. Gent D. H. 2011. Evaluation of airborne methyl salicylate for impro¬ved conservation biological control of two-spotted spider mite and hop aphid in Oregon hop yards. Exp Appl Acarol 55:401–416.
  • Referans 30 Yu, H., Zhang, Y., Wu, K., Gao, X.W., Guo, Y.Y. 2008. Field-testing of synthetic herbivore-induced plant vo¬latiles as attractants for beneficial insects. Environtmental Entomology 37(6): 1410-1415.
  • Referans 31 Zhu, J., Park, K. 2005. Methyl salicylate, a soybean aphid-induced plant volatile attractive to the predator, Coccinella septempunctata. Journal of Chemical Ecology, 31 (8): 1733-1746.
Toplam 31 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Bölüm Makaleler
Yazarlar

Nimet Sema Gençer

Faruk Gür

Yayımlanma Tarihi 15 Eylül 2018
Gönderilme Tarihi 18 Nisan 2017
Kabul Tarihi 27 Mart 2018
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2018 Cilt: 15 Sayı: 3

Kaynak Göster

APA Gençer, N. S., & Gür, F. (2018). Metil Salisilatın Fasulye Bitkisindeki Yaprak Bitleri (Homoptera: Aphididae) ve Predatörleri Üzerine Etkisinin Değerlendirilmesi. Tekirdağ Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi, 15(3), 25-35.
AMA Gençer NS, Gür F. Metil Salisilatın Fasulye Bitkisindeki Yaprak Bitleri (Homoptera: Aphididae) ve Predatörleri Üzerine Etkisinin Değerlendirilmesi. JOTAF. Eylül 2018;15(3):25-35.
Chicago Gençer, Nimet Sema, ve Faruk Gür. “Metil Salisilatın Fasulye Bitkisindeki Yaprak Bitleri (Homoptera: Aphididae) Ve Predatörleri Üzerine Etkisinin Değerlendirilmesi”. Tekirdağ Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi 15, sy. 3 (Eylül 2018): 25-35.
EndNote Gençer NS, Gür F (01 Eylül 2018) Metil Salisilatın Fasulye Bitkisindeki Yaprak Bitleri (Homoptera: Aphididae) ve Predatörleri Üzerine Etkisinin Değerlendirilmesi. Tekirdağ Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi 15 3 25–35.
IEEE N. S. Gençer ve F. Gür, “Metil Salisilatın Fasulye Bitkisindeki Yaprak Bitleri (Homoptera: Aphididae) ve Predatörleri Üzerine Etkisinin Değerlendirilmesi”, JOTAF, c. 15, sy. 3, ss. 25–35, 2018.
ISNAD Gençer, Nimet Sema - Gür, Faruk. “Metil Salisilatın Fasulye Bitkisindeki Yaprak Bitleri (Homoptera: Aphididae) Ve Predatörleri Üzerine Etkisinin Değerlendirilmesi”. Tekirdağ Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi 15/3 (Eylül 2018), 25-35.
JAMA Gençer NS, Gür F. Metil Salisilatın Fasulye Bitkisindeki Yaprak Bitleri (Homoptera: Aphididae) ve Predatörleri Üzerine Etkisinin Değerlendirilmesi. JOTAF. 2018;15:25–35.
MLA Gençer, Nimet Sema ve Faruk Gür. “Metil Salisilatın Fasulye Bitkisindeki Yaprak Bitleri (Homoptera: Aphididae) Ve Predatörleri Üzerine Etkisinin Değerlendirilmesi”. Tekirdağ Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi, c. 15, sy. 3, 2018, ss. 25-35.
Vancouver Gençer NS, Gür F. Metil Salisilatın Fasulye Bitkisindeki Yaprak Bitleri (Homoptera: Aphididae) ve Predatörleri Üzerine Etkisinin Değerlendirilmesi. JOTAF. 2018;15(3):25-3.