Preparation of anti-bacterial biocomposite nanofibers fabricated by electrospinning method

Year 2020, Volume: 7 Issue: 1, 125 - 142, 15.02.2020

Ömer Kesmez

https://doi.org/10.18596/jotcsa.590621

Cited By: 16

Abstract

Developing technology and increasing the number
of living creatures on earth increase the demand for biomaterials each passing
day. Recently, biocomposite and biodegradable biomaterials have begun to attract
attention in many areas of usage. Electrospinning technique is preferred as a
quite consolidated technique in the production of outstanding polymer and/or
nanofiber matrixes. However, obtained biocomposite nanofibers can cause
microbiological infections during or after their usage. Therefore, it is very
important that such materials have controlled antibacterial properties. In this
study, Hydroxyapatite (HAp), known as biocompatible and bioactive, was firstly
synthesized by wet precipitation method. Molecular structure of obtained HAp
particles was researched by Fourier
Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR), its crystal
structure was analyzed by X-ray Diffraction analysis (XRD) and its morphology
was investigated by Scanning Electron
Microscopy (SEM). HAp particles were combined with a
mixture of biodegradable polylactic
acid (or polylactide, PLA) and polycaprolactone (PCL)
and biocomposite nanofibers were prepared by electrospinning method by loading
chitosan and /or silver-based inorganic antimicrobial agent in different
proportions to this composite structure. Molecular structure of PLA-PCL polymer
matrix was investigated by FT-IR analysis. The morphology of the obtained
biocomposite nanofibers was examined by SEM. The anti-bacterial efficiency of biocomposite
nanofibers containing chitosan and/or Ag⁺ in different proportions
was investigated against Escherichia coli
(Gram-negative) and Staphylococcus aureus
(Gram-positive) bacteria. Biocomposite nanofiber samples containing 1% chitosan
and 0.25% Ag⁺ were found to have ≥4.78 log reduction and ≥99.99%
reduction in the bacterial population against the tested bacterial species and
showed strong antibacterial properties. It was also observed that the
combination of Ag⁺ and chitosan may show synergistic effects. The
results of the study confirm the great potential of biodegradable,
biocompatible and bioactive fibers for antibacterial application.

Keywords

Biopolymer, Biocomposite nano-fiber, Hydroxyapatite, Antibacterial efficacy, Electrospinning

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