Actinomycetes Isolation from Forest Soils and Determination of Biological Activities

Year 2020, Volume: 7 Issue: 2, 327 - 334, 23.06.2020

Pervin Soyer , Yağmur Tunalı

https://doi.org/10.18596/jotcsa.657180

Cited By: 2

Abstract

Actinomycetes bacterial group has the one of the most populous population in microorganisms that extends very different and extensive habitats on earth especially main character of the natural soil habitats. Since old times, bioactive metabolites of soil microorganisms have studied and the results have provided that metabolites these microorganisms have significant benefits to science, medicine, agriculture and pharmaceutical industry. In this study, isolation of Actinomycetes strains from forest soils, identification of morpohological and molecular features, extraction the bioactive metabolite of isolates and determination the antimicrobial, antibiofilm and cytotoxicity activities of bioactive extract was tested. The microbiological isolation methods for collected forest soil samples were used and after the determination of their morphological and molecular features, isolates were defined as Brevibacterium spp. that is member of Actinomycetes. The antibiotic resistance of the isolates were determined by different methods and different concentrations of standard antibiotics. The chromium tolerance of isolates were also determined. The bioactive metabolites of isolates were produced in modified medium and extracted. The antimicrobial, antibiofilm, cytotoxicity activities of bioactive metabolite were determined against standard microorganisms and Artemia salina larvae were used as test organism for cytotoxicity tests. In the present study, results gave informations about Actinomycetes that isolated from forest soils. Isolates have antibiotic resistance and chromium tolerance abilities. And also, showed, Actinomycetes group is the largest bioactive metabolite producing group both antibacterial, antifungal and also a wide range of other compounds such as antibiofilm and cytotoxic compounds. The antimicrobial (MIC) concentrations of bioactive metabolite 2500 μg/mL for standard bacteria cultures and 1250 μg/mL for yeasts. The antibiofilm (MBEC) value was determined at 1250 μg/mL. The 2500 μg/mL concentration of extract was found the effective cytotoxic value. The results are provided that the Brevibacterium spp. isolates have industrial and pharmaceutical potential and more detailed pharmaceutical researchs are planned.

Keywords

Actinomycetes, Brevibacterium, antibacterial, antifungal

References

• 1. Tyc O, Song C, Dickschat JS, Vos M, Garbeva P. The Ecological Role of Volatile and Soluble Secondary Metabolites Produced by Soil Bacteria. Trend Microb. 2017;25(4):280–292.
• 2. Uroz S, Buée M, Murat C, Frey-Klett P, Martin F. Pyrosequencing reveals a contrasted bacterial diversity between oak rhizosphere and surrounding soil Environ. Microbiol. 2010;2:281–288.
• 3. Adegboye MF, Babalola O. Taxonomy and ecology of antibiotic producing Actinomycetes. Afr J Agric Res. 2012;15:2255–2261.
• 4. Teanpaisan R, Kawsud P, Pahumunto N, Puripattanavong J. Screening for antibacterial and antibiofilm activity in Thai medicinal plant extracts against oral microorganisms. J Trad Complemen Med. 2017;7(2):172-177.
• 5. Sacramento DR, Coelho RRR, Wigg MD, Linhares LFTL, Santos MGM, Semedo LTAS. Antimicrobial and antiviral activities of an actinomycete (Streptomyces sp.) isolated from a Brazilian tropical forest soil. World J Microbiol Biotechnol. 2004;20:225–229.
• 6. Zarandi ME, Bonjar GHS, Dehkaei FP, Moosavi SAA, Farokhi PR, Aghighi S. Biological control of rice blast (Magnaporthe oryzae) by use of Streptomyces sindeneusis isolate 263 in greenhouse. Am J Appl Sci. 2009;6:194–199.
• 7. Hong K. Gao AH, Xie QY, Gao H, Zhuang L, Lin HP. Actinomycetes for marine drug discovery isolated from mangrove soils and plants in China. Mar Drugs. 2009;7: 24–44.
• 8. Pimentel-Elardo SM, Kozytskam S, Bugni TS, Ireland CM, Moll H, Hentschel U. Antiparasitic compounds from Streptomyces sp. strains isolated from Mediterranean sponges. Mar Drug. 2010;8: 373–380.
• 9. Janardhan A, Kumar AP, Viswanath B, Saigopal DVR, Narasimha G. Production of bioactive compounds by Actinomycetes and their antioxidant properties. Biotechnol Res Int. 2014;217030:1-9.
• 10. Renner MK, Shen YC, Cheng XC, Jensen PR, Frankmoelle W, Kauffman CA. Cyclomarins A-C, new anti-inflammatory cyclic peptides produced by a marine bacterium (Streptomyces sp.). J Am Chem Soc. 1999;121:11273–11276.
• 11. Xu Y, He H, Schulz S, Liu X, Fusetani N, Xiong H. Potent antifouling compounds produced by marine Streptomyces. Bioresour Technol. 2010;101:1331–1336.
• 12. Mann J. Natural products as immune suppressive agents. Nat Prod Rep. 2001;18:417–430.
• 13. Sousa CS, Soares ACF, Garrido MS. Characterization of Streptomycetes with potential to promote plant growth and biocontrol. Sci Agric. 2008;65:50–55.
• 14. Berdy J. Bioactive microbial metabolites: a personal view. J of Antibiot. 2005;58:1–26.
• 15. Rintala HA, Nevalainen A, Rönkä MS. PCR primers targeting the 16S rRNA gene for the specific detection of Streptomycetes. Mol Cell Probes. 2001;15:337-347.
• 16. Singh V, Praveen F, Khan CKM. Tripathi, Phylogenetics of an antibiotic producing Streptomyces strain isolated from soil. Bioinformation. 2009;4:53-58.
• 17. Meyer BN, Ferrigni NR, Putnam JE, Jacobsen LB, Nichols DE, Mclaughlin JL. J Med Pl Researh. 1982;45;31-34.
• 18. Foster KR, Bell T. Competition, not cooperation, dominates interactions among culturable microbial species. Curr Biol. 2012;22:1845–1850.
• 19. Das A, Mishra S. Hexavalent chromium reduction and 16S rDNA identification of bacteria isolated from a Cr (VI) contaminated site. Internet J Microb. 2008:7;1.
• 20. Oskay M. Kuzey Kıbrıs Topraklarından Antimikrobiyal Aktivitesi Yüksek Streptomyces Suşlarının İzolasyonu, Taksonomisi Ve Fermentasyon Çalışmaları Üzerine Bir Araştırma. Manisa; Celal Bayar Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Temel ve Endüstriyel Mikrobiyoloji; 2006.
• 21. Yavuz M. Lokal Streptomyces Türlerinin Sekonder Metabolitlerinin İzolasyonu, Yapılarının Aydınlatılması Ve Biyolojik Aktivitelerinin Araştırılması. Diyarbakır; Dicle Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü; 2010.
• 22. Padma BJ, Saraswathi K, Arumugam P, Shiny RA. Isolation, characterization and evaluation of antioxidant activities of secondary metabolites producing Actinomycetes of terrestrial origin. Int J of Res in Med Sci. 2018;6(3):1017-1028.