Effect Of Inorganic Components Of Fire Foaming Agents On The Aquatic Environment
Year 2020,
Volume: 7 Issue: 3, 833 - 844, 30.10.2020
Maya Gurbanova
,
Valentyna Loboichenko
,
Nataliia Leonova
,
Victor Strelets
Abstract
Impact on the aquatic medium of the number of inorganic additives that are part of the foaming agents for firefighting is considered in paper. The influence of the most widespread inorganic components on aquatic organisms is analyzed. Significant variability of data is noted. It is proved that the magnesium and sodium chlorides are the safest for the environment and the most dangerous ones are aluminum compounds and sulfamic acid. Inorganic additives based on aluminum, sulfamic acid and sodium bicarbonate are the most dangerous for aquatic living organisms, in the short and long term, and the safest compounds are magnesium and sodium chlorides
References
- 1. Abramov YA, Basmanov OE, Salamov J, Mikhayluk AA Model of thermal effect of fire within a dike on the oil tank. Naukovyi Visnyk Natsionalnoho Hirnychoho Universytetu. 2018 2:95-100 DOI: 10.29202/nvngu/2018-2/12.
- 2. The race to decipher how climate change influenced Australia’s record fires. Аvailable at: https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-020-00173-7.
- 3. World Fire Statistics. Аvailable at: https://www.ctif.org/world-fire-statistics.
- 4. Dubinin D, Korytchenko K, Lisnyak A, Hrytsyna I, Trigub V. Numerical simulation of the creation of a fire fighting barrier using an explosion of a combustible charge. EasternEuropean Journal of Enterprise Technologies. 2017 6(10-90):11-16 DOI: 10.15587/1729-4061.2017.114504
- 5. Andronov V, Pospelov B, Rybka E, Skliarov S. Examining the learning fire detectors under real conditions of application. EasternEuropean Journal of Enterprise Technologies. 2017 3(9-87):53-59 DOI: 10.15587/1729-4061.2017.101985.
- 6. Mygalenko K, Nuyanzin V, Zemlianskyi A, Dominik A, Pozdieiev S. Development of the technique for restricting the propagation of fire in natural peat ecosystems. EasternEuropean Journal of Enterprise Technologies. 2018 1(10-91):31-37 DOI: 10.15587/1729-4061.2018.121727.
- 7. Kostenko V, Kostenko T, Zemlianskiy O, Maiboroda A, Kutsenko S. Automatization of individual anti-thermal protection of rescuers in the initial period of fire suppression. EasternEuropean Journal of Enterprise Technologies. 2017 5(10-89): 4-11 DOI: 10.15587/1729-4061.2017.109484.
- 8. Vasiliev MI, Movchan IO, Koval OM. Diminishing of ecological risk via optimization of fire-extinguishing system projects in timber-yards. Naukovyi Visnyk Natsionalnoho Hirnychoho Universytetu. 2014 5:106-113.
- 9. Holemann H. Environmental Problems Caused by Fires and Fire-Fighting Agents. Аvailable at: http://www.iafss.org/publications/fss/4/61/view.
- 10. Loboichenko V, Strelets V, Gurbanova M, Morozov A, Kovalov P, Shevchenko R, Kovalova T and Ponomarenko R. Review of the Environmental Characteristics of Fire Extinguishing Substances of Different Composition used for Fires Extinguishing of Various Classes. Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences. 2019 14: 5925-5941.
- 11. Tureková I & Balog K. The Environmental Impacts of Fire-Fighting Foams. Research Papers Faculty of Materials Science and Technology Slovak University of Technology. 2011 18(29):111-120 doi:10.2478/v10186-010-0033-z.
- 12. Dubinin D, Korytchenko K, Lisnyak A, Hrytsyna I, Trigub V. Improving the installation for fire extinguishing with inelydispersed water. EasternEuropean Journal of Enterprise Technologies. 2018 2(10-92):38-43 DOI: 10.15587/1729-4061.2018.127865.
- 13. Loboichenko V, Leonova N, Strelets V, Morozov A, Shevchenko R, Kovalov P, Ponomarenko R and Kovalova T Comparative Analysis of the Influence of Various Dry Powder Fire Extinguishing Compositions on the Aquatic Environment. Water and Energy International. 2019 62/RNI(7):63-68.
- 14. Sharovarnikov АF, Sharovarnikov SA. Penoobrazovateli i peny dlya tusheniya pozharov. Sostav, svoystva, primeneniye. M: Pozhnauka. 2005 335 p (in Russian).
- 15. Vasyukov A, Loboichenko V, Bushtec S. Identification of bottled natural waters by using direct conductometry. Ecology, Environment and Conservation. 2016 22 (3):1171-1176.
- 16. Loboichenko V, Andronov V, Strelec V. Evaluation of the metrological characteristics of natural and treated waters with stable salt composition identification method. Indian Journal of Environmental Protection. 2018 38(9):724-732.
- 17. Osnovy analiticheskoy khimii. V 2 kn. Kn. 2. Metody khimicheskogo analiza. Ucheb. dlya vuzov / Zolotov YuA (Ed.). 2004 M: «Vysshaya shkola», 503 p. (in Russian)
- 18. Loboichenko VM, Tishakova TS, Vasyukov AE. Application of direct coulometry for rapid assessment of water quality in Krasno-Oskol Reservoir (Kharkiv Region, Ukraine). Der Pharma Chemica. 2016 8 (19):27-34.
- 19. Loboichenko VM, Vasyukov AE, Tishakova TS. Investigations of Mineralization of Water Bodies on the Example of River Waters of Ukraine. Asian Journal of Water, Environment and Pollution. 2017 14 (4):37-41 DOI: 10.3233/AJW-170035.
- 20. Kawahara T, Hatae Sh, Kanyama T, Ishizaki Y, Uezu K. Development of Eco-Friendly Soap-Based Firefighting Foam for Forest Fire. Environ. Control Biol. 2016 54(1):75-78 DOI: 10.2525/ecb.54.75/.
- 21. Kawano T, Otsuka K, Kadono T, Inokuchi R, Ishizaki Y, Dewancker B and Uezu K. Eco-Toxicological Evaluation of Fire-Fighting Foams in Small-Sized Aquatic and Semi-Aquatic Biotopes. Advanced Materials Research. 2014 875-877:699-707.
- 22. Levterov AM, Levterov AA. Thermodynamic properties of fatty acid esters in some biodiesel fuels. Functional Materials. 2018 25(2):308-312 DOI: 10.15407/fm25.02.308.
- 23. Chirkina M, Saveliev D, Pitak O. Possibility of using eco-friendly foams for fire suppression. Problems of fire safety. 2017 42:176 -180 (in Russian)
- 24. Korolchenko DA, Volkov AA. Extinguishing of flammable liquids by film forming foaming agents. Pozharovzryvobezopasnost/Fire and Explosion Safety. 2017 26(8):45-55. https://doi.org/10.18322/PVB.2017.26.08.45-55 (in Russian)
- 25. Seow J. Department of Environment and Conservation Western Australia, 2013, Fire Fighting Foam with perfluorochemical environmental review. Аvailable at: http://www.hemmingfire.com/news/fullstory.php/aid/1748/The_final_definitive_version_of__91Fire_Fighting_Foams_with_Perfluorochemicals__96_Environmental_Review_92,_by_Dr_Jimmy_Seow,_Manager,_Pollution_Response_Unit,_Department_of_Environment_and_Conservation_Western_Australia.html.
- 26. Goto K, Takaichi H and Kawano T. Learning from the Eco-Toxicology of Fire-Fighting Foams in Aquatic Organisms: Altered Eco-Toxicity of Sodium Alkyl Sulfonates on Green Paramecia and Medaka Fish Maintained in Different Waters. J. Disaster Res. 2015 10(4):604-612.
- 27. Globally harmonized system of classification and labelling of chemicals (GHS). United Nations, New York, USA. Аvailable at: http://www.unece.org/ru/trans/danger/publi/ghs/ghs_rev07/07files_e0.html.
- 28. Database of the European Chemicals Agency. Аvailable at: https://echa.europa.eu/home.
- 29. GOST R 53857-2010: Classification of chemicals for environmental hazards. General principles. 2011.
- 30. Dadashov I, Loboichenko V and Kireev A. Analysis of the ecological characteristics of environment friendly fire fighting chemicals used in extinguishing oil products. Pollution Research. 2018 37:63-77.
- 31. Рatent RU 2403935. Foaming composition of heat-resistant foam to extinguish fires at subzero temperatures. Taysumov HA. 2010. Bul. № 32. (in Russian)
- 32. Рatent RU 2457879. Foaming composition of heat-resistant foam for the fuel tank safety cover. Taysumov HA. 2012. Bul. № 22. (in Russian)
- 33. Рatent RU 2418611C1. Fire extinguishing composition for fire fighting. Garavin VYu, Tretyakov AV. 2011. Bul. № 14. (in Russian)
- 34. Рatent RU 2290240. Fire extinguishing composition. Dushkin AL., Karpyshev AV. 2006. Bul. № 36. (in Russian)
- 35. Рatent SU 865303. The composition of the foaming agent to extinguish fires. Kazakov MV., Bilkun DG., Peshkov VV, Puzako M.V. 1981. Bul. № 35. (in Russian)
- 36. Рatent US 3554912. Basic Aluminum Salt Fire Extinguishing compositions. EP Moore Jr. Patented Jan. 12, 1971.
- 37. Рatent RU 2465028. Environmentally friendly foaming composition of heat-resistant foam. Taysumov HA. 2010. Bul. № 32. (in Russian)
- 38. Рatent RU 2452544. Foaming composition of heat-resistant hop-based foam. Taysumov HA. 2012. Bul. № 16. (in Russian)
- 39. Рatent RU 2328325. Concentrated stabilizer of heat-resistant foam to extinguish fires. Taysumov HA. 2008. Bul. № 19. (in Russian)
- 40. GB 748931A. United Kingdom. Improvements in or relating to the production of foam for fire-fighting purposes. John Kerr and Co Manchester ltd. Рublished 1956-05-16.
Year 2020,
Volume: 7 Issue: 3, 833 - 844, 30.10.2020
Maya Gurbanova
,
Valentyna Loboichenko
,
Nataliia Leonova
,
Victor Strelets
References
- 1. Abramov YA, Basmanov OE, Salamov J, Mikhayluk AA Model of thermal effect of fire within a dike on the oil tank. Naukovyi Visnyk Natsionalnoho Hirnychoho Universytetu. 2018 2:95-100 DOI: 10.29202/nvngu/2018-2/12.
- 2. The race to decipher how climate change influenced Australia’s record fires. Аvailable at: https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-020-00173-7.
- 3. World Fire Statistics. Аvailable at: https://www.ctif.org/world-fire-statistics.
- 4. Dubinin D, Korytchenko K, Lisnyak A, Hrytsyna I, Trigub V. Numerical simulation of the creation of a fire fighting barrier using an explosion of a combustible charge. EasternEuropean Journal of Enterprise Technologies. 2017 6(10-90):11-16 DOI: 10.15587/1729-4061.2017.114504
- 5. Andronov V, Pospelov B, Rybka E, Skliarov S. Examining the learning fire detectors under real conditions of application. EasternEuropean Journal of Enterprise Technologies. 2017 3(9-87):53-59 DOI: 10.15587/1729-4061.2017.101985.
- 6. Mygalenko K, Nuyanzin V, Zemlianskyi A, Dominik A, Pozdieiev S. Development of the technique for restricting the propagation of fire in natural peat ecosystems. EasternEuropean Journal of Enterprise Technologies. 2018 1(10-91):31-37 DOI: 10.15587/1729-4061.2018.121727.
- 7. Kostenko V, Kostenko T, Zemlianskiy O, Maiboroda A, Kutsenko S. Automatization of individual anti-thermal protection of rescuers in the initial period of fire suppression. EasternEuropean Journal of Enterprise Technologies. 2017 5(10-89): 4-11 DOI: 10.15587/1729-4061.2017.109484.
- 8. Vasiliev MI, Movchan IO, Koval OM. Diminishing of ecological risk via optimization of fire-extinguishing system projects in timber-yards. Naukovyi Visnyk Natsionalnoho Hirnychoho Universytetu. 2014 5:106-113.
- 9. Holemann H. Environmental Problems Caused by Fires and Fire-Fighting Agents. Аvailable at: http://www.iafss.org/publications/fss/4/61/view.
- 10. Loboichenko V, Strelets V, Gurbanova M, Morozov A, Kovalov P, Shevchenko R, Kovalova T and Ponomarenko R. Review of the Environmental Characteristics of Fire Extinguishing Substances of Different Composition used for Fires Extinguishing of Various Classes. Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences. 2019 14: 5925-5941.
- 11. Tureková I & Balog K. The Environmental Impacts of Fire-Fighting Foams. Research Papers Faculty of Materials Science and Technology Slovak University of Technology. 2011 18(29):111-120 doi:10.2478/v10186-010-0033-z.
- 12. Dubinin D, Korytchenko K, Lisnyak A, Hrytsyna I, Trigub V. Improving the installation for fire extinguishing with inelydispersed water. EasternEuropean Journal of Enterprise Technologies. 2018 2(10-92):38-43 DOI: 10.15587/1729-4061.2018.127865.
- 13. Loboichenko V, Leonova N, Strelets V, Morozov A, Shevchenko R, Kovalov P, Ponomarenko R and Kovalova T Comparative Analysis of the Influence of Various Dry Powder Fire Extinguishing Compositions on the Aquatic Environment. Water and Energy International. 2019 62/RNI(7):63-68.
- 14. Sharovarnikov АF, Sharovarnikov SA. Penoobrazovateli i peny dlya tusheniya pozharov. Sostav, svoystva, primeneniye. M: Pozhnauka. 2005 335 p (in Russian).
- 15. Vasyukov A, Loboichenko V, Bushtec S. Identification of bottled natural waters by using direct conductometry. Ecology, Environment and Conservation. 2016 22 (3):1171-1176.
- 16. Loboichenko V, Andronov V, Strelec V. Evaluation of the metrological characteristics of natural and treated waters with stable salt composition identification method. Indian Journal of Environmental Protection. 2018 38(9):724-732.
- 17. Osnovy analiticheskoy khimii. V 2 kn. Kn. 2. Metody khimicheskogo analiza. Ucheb. dlya vuzov / Zolotov YuA (Ed.). 2004 M: «Vysshaya shkola», 503 p. (in Russian)
- 18. Loboichenko VM, Tishakova TS, Vasyukov AE. Application of direct coulometry for rapid assessment of water quality in Krasno-Oskol Reservoir (Kharkiv Region, Ukraine). Der Pharma Chemica. 2016 8 (19):27-34.
- 19. Loboichenko VM, Vasyukov AE, Tishakova TS. Investigations of Mineralization of Water Bodies on the Example of River Waters of Ukraine. Asian Journal of Water, Environment and Pollution. 2017 14 (4):37-41 DOI: 10.3233/AJW-170035.
- 20. Kawahara T, Hatae Sh, Kanyama T, Ishizaki Y, Uezu K. Development of Eco-Friendly Soap-Based Firefighting Foam for Forest Fire. Environ. Control Biol. 2016 54(1):75-78 DOI: 10.2525/ecb.54.75/.
- 21. Kawano T, Otsuka K, Kadono T, Inokuchi R, Ishizaki Y, Dewancker B and Uezu K. Eco-Toxicological Evaluation of Fire-Fighting Foams in Small-Sized Aquatic and Semi-Aquatic Biotopes. Advanced Materials Research. 2014 875-877:699-707.
- 22. Levterov AM, Levterov AA. Thermodynamic properties of fatty acid esters in some biodiesel fuels. Functional Materials. 2018 25(2):308-312 DOI: 10.15407/fm25.02.308.
- 23. Chirkina M, Saveliev D, Pitak O. Possibility of using eco-friendly foams for fire suppression. Problems of fire safety. 2017 42:176 -180 (in Russian)
- 24. Korolchenko DA, Volkov AA. Extinguishing of flammable liquids by film forming foaming agents. Pozharovzryvobezopasnost/Fire and Explosion Safety. 2017 26(8):45-55. https://doi.org/10.18322/PVB.2017.26.08.45-55 (in Russian)
- 25. Seow J. Department of Environment and Conservation Western Australia, 2013, Fire Fighting Foam with perfluorochemical environmental review. Аvailable at: http://www.hemmingfire.com/news/fullstory.php/aid/1748/The_final_definitive_version_of__91Fire_Fighting_Foams_with_Perfluorochemicals__96_Environmental_Review_92,_by_Dr_Jimmy_Seow,_Manager,_Pollution_Response_Unit,_Department_of_Environment_and_Conservation_Western_Australia.html.
- 26. Goto K, Takaichi H and Kawano T. Learning from the Eco-Toxicology of Fire-Fighting Foams in Aquatic Organisms: Altered Eco-Toxicity of Sodium Alkyl Sulfonates on Green Paramecia and Medaka Fish Maintained in Different Waters. J. Disaster Res. 2015 10(4):604-612.
- 27. Globally harmonized system of classification and labelling of chemicals (GHS). United Nations, New York, USA. Аvailable at: http://www.unece.org/ru/trans/danger/publi/ghs/ghs_rev07/07files_e0.html.
- 28. Database of the European Chemicals Agency. Аvailable at: https://echa.europa.eu/home.
- 29. GOST R 53857-2010: Classification of chemicals for environmental hazards. General principles. 2011.
- 30. Dadashov I, Loboichenko V and Kireev A. Analysis of the ecological characteristics of environment friendly fire fighting chemicals used in extinguishing oil products. Pollution Research. 2018 37:63-77.
- 31. Рatent RU 2403935. Foaming composition of heat-resistant foam to extinguish fires at subzero temperatures. Taysumov HA. 2010. Bul. № 32. (in Russian)
- 32. Рatent RU 2457879. Foaming composition of heat-resistant foam for the fuel tank safety cover. Taysumov HA. 2012. Bul. № 22. (in Russian)
- 33. Рatent RU 2418611C1. Fire extinguishing composition for fire fighting. Garavin VYu, Tretyakov AV. 2011. Bul. № 14. (in Russian)
- 34. Рatent RU 2290240. Fire extinguishing composition. Dushkin AL., Karpyshev AV. 2006. Bul. № 36. (in Russian)
- 35. Рatent SU 865303. The composition of the foaming agent to extinguish fires. Kazakov MV., Bilkun DG., Peshkov VV, Puzako M.V. 1981. Bul. № 35. (in Russian)
- 36. Рatent US 3554912. Basic Aluminum Salt Fire Extinguishing compositions. EP Moore Jr. Patented Jan. 12, 1971.
- 37. Рatent RU 2465028. Environmentally friendly foaming composition of heat-resistant foam. Taysumov HA. 2010. Bul. № 32. (in Russian)
- 38. Рatent RU 2452544. Foaming composition of heat-resistant hop-based foam. Taysumov HA. 2012. Bul. № 16. (in Russian)
- 39. Рatent RU 2328325. Concentrated stabilizer of heat-resistant foam to extinguish fires. Taysumov HA. 2008. Bul. № 19. (in Russian)
- 40. GB 748931A. United Kingdom. Improvements in or relating to the production of foam for fire-fighting purposes. John Kerr and Co Manchester ltd. Рublished 1956-05-16.