DESIGN AND SIMULATION OF SEMICONDUCTING POLYMERS FOR OPTOELECTRONIC APPLICATIONS BY USING QUANTUM MECHANICAL TOOLS

Yıl 2016, Cilt: 1 Sayı: 1, 127 - 134, 23.02.2017

Hakan Kayı Özge Özkılınç Birnur Kaya

Öz

Semiconducting polymers with advanced optoelectronic properties are used in many fields such as renewable energy, astronomy, electrochromic devices, photodetectors, light emitting diodes, photovoltaics and solar cells. Therefore, scientific research and technological studies performed on conjugated polymers with semiconductor properties have gained serious momentum in the recent years. These materials have become attractive with their features, such as low production and processing costs, functionality, thin film flexibility, solubilities, ease of processing. Band gap values of conjugated polymers are directly related to their performance in applications, hence they constitute one of the topics studied intensively today. In order to have a better control over the band gap, hybrid conjugated monomers containing electron donor-acceptor-donor units used in the last generation conjugated polymers. In this study, polymers containing furan, thiophene and selenophene units as electron donating groups and benzooxadiazol, benzothiadiazole and benzoselenadiazole units as electron acceptor groups are designed and their electronic band gaps are calculated with the help of density functional theory. First, accuracy of the methodology is tested by comparing the band gaps with the ones previously studied in the literature, and then structural and electronic properties of the new semiconducting polymers are revealed.

Kaynakça

• Tang CW. Two-layer organic photovoltaic cell. Appl Phys Lett. 1986;48(2):183.
• McConnell RM, Godwin WE, Baker SE, Powell K, Baskett M, Morara A. Polyfuran and co-polymers: A chemical synthesis. Int J Polym Mater. 2004;53(8):697–708.
• Beaujuge PM, Ellinger S, Reynolds JR. The donor–acceptor approach allows a black-to-transmissive switching polymeric electrochrome. Nat Mater. 2008;7(10):795–9.
• Steckler TT, Abboud KA, Craps M, Rinzler AG, Reynolds JR. Low band gap EDOT–benzobis(thiadiazole) hybrid polymer characterized on near-IR transmissive single walled carbon nanotube electrodes. Chem Commun. 2007;(46):4904.
• Alguno, Arnold C, Chung, Wilfredo C, Bantaculo, Rolando V, Vequizo, Reynaldo M. Ab initio and density functional studies of polythiophene energy band gap. NECTEC Tech J. 2001;II(9):215–8.
• Liu X, He R, Shen W, Li M. Theoretical design of donor-acceptor conjugated copolymers based on furo-, thieno-, and selenopheno[3,4-c] thiophene-4,6-dione and benzodithiophene units for organic solar cells. J Mol Model. 2013;19(10):4283–91.
• Fu Y, Wang X, Chen M, Shen W. The effects of electron-acceptor strength and donor-to-acceptor ratio on the electronic properties of thieno[3,2-b]thiophene-based donor–acceptor copolymers. Mol Simul. 2014;40(6):439–48.
• Köse ME. Evaluation of Acceptor Strength in Thiophene Coupled Donor–Acceptor Chromophores for Optimal Design of Organic Photovoltaic Materials. J Phys Chem A. 2012;116(51):12503–9.
• Pati PB, Das S, Zade SS. Benzooxadiazaole-based D-A-D co-oligomers: Synthesis and electropolymerization. J Polym Sci Part Polym Chem. 2012;50(19):3996–4003.
• Sun X, Lei X, Hu Y. Synthesis and Characterization of Conjugated Polymers Based on Benzoselenadiazole. Asian J Chem. 2015;27(7):2427–30.
• Kayi H. A computational study on 4,7-di(furan-2-yl)benzo[c][1,2,5]thiadiazole monomer and its oligomers. J Mol Model. 2014;20(6).
• Kayi H, Elkamel A. A theoretical investigation of 4,7-di(furan-2-yl)benzo[c][1,2,5]selenadiazole-based donor–acceptor type conjugated polymer. Comput Theor Chem. 2015;1054:38–45.
• Frisch, M J, Trucks, G W, Schlegel, H B, Scuseria, G E, Robb, M A, Cheeseman, J R, et al. Gaussian 09, Rev. D.01. Wallington CT: Gaussian Inc.; 2013.
• Dennington, R, Keith, T, Millam, J. GaussView, Ver. 5.0.9. Shawnee Mission KS: Semichem Inc.; 2009.
• Pati PB, Senanayak SP, Narayan KS, Zade SS. Solution Processable Benzooxadiazole and Benzothiadiazole Based D-A-D Molecules with Chalcogenophene: Field Effect Transistor Study and Structure Property Relationship. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces. 2013;5(23):12460–8.
• Acharya R, Cekli S, Zeman CJ, Altamimi RM, Schanze KS. Effect of Selenium Substitution on Intersystem Crossing in π-Conjugated Donor–Acceptor–Donor Chromophores: The LUMO Matters the Most. J Phys Chem Lett. 2016;7(4):693–7.
• Cihaner A, Algı F. A Novel Neutral State Green Polymeric Electrochromic with Superior n- and p-Doping Processes: Closer to Red-Blue-Green (RGB) Display Realization. Adv Funct Mater. 2008;18(22):3583–9.