Body Conformation, Morphometry Indices and Inheritance Pattern of Indigenous Dwarf Chickens of Bangladesh

Yıl 2019, , 55 - 61, 31.12.2019

Mohammad Bhuiyan , Abu Jofar Ferdaus A. K. F. H. Bhuiyan Begum Hassin Md. Ali

https://doi.org/10.34233/jpr.605051

Öz

The study was conducted to investigate the
body dimension, morphometric features and inheritance pattern of indigenous
dwarf chicken (IDC) of Bangladesh under intensive management condition. The experiment
was conducted at Bangladesh Agricultural University (BAU) poultry farm for a
period of 28 months from March 2013 to June 2015 including a total of 979
birds. Body weight, shank length and circumference, chest girth, length of
trunk, wing, keel and body, and body conformation indices were recorded at 8,
24 and 52 weeks of age. The average shank length, shank circumference and live
weight at 24^th week in adult dwarf males and females were 7.38 and
4.37 cm, 6.20 and 3.63 cm, and 1650 and 1067 g, respectively. The reduction of
live weight for dwarf male and female chickens relative to their normal shank
counterpart (NSC) at same age was 14.06 and 16.05%, respectively. Length of
body, trunk, wing, shank and keel of IDC were also significantly shorter than
NSC at all ages. The indices of shape, massiveness and long leggedness of NSC
were significantly greater than IDC almost all ages. Shank lengths of day old
chicks were measured within 1.4-1.6 cm. The ratio of non-dwarf and dwarf in
indigenous chicken populations was found 9:7 for 1^st generation
where significant deviation observed in subsequent generations.  Among the dwarf progeny, the male and female
ratio was close to 1:1. Current hypothesis is in favor of autosomal dwarfism
control by at least 2 pairs of genes where duplicate recessive gene interaction
also known as complementary gene effect has probably been exerted between two
pairs of genes. In conclusion, the present estimates give some insight
information on morphometry and body conformational aspects between normal
shanked and dwarf chickens which relate with lowered motoric activity, reduced
metabolic rate and their body surface-mass makes the dwarf birds suitable for
hot-humid climate like Bangladesh.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Dwarf chicken, Morphometry, Body conformation, Inheritance pattern, Bangladesh

Kaynakça

• Asmundson, V.S. 1926. Inheritance of side-sprigs. Data on the inheritance of side-sprigs on the combs of single comb White Leghorns. J. Hered. 17: 280.
• Bhuiyan, M.S.A., Chen, S., Faruque, S., Bhuiyan, A.K.F.H. and Beja-Pereira, A. 2013. Genetic diversity and maternal origin of Bangladeshi chicken. Mol. Biol. Rep. DOI 10.1007/s11033-013-2522-6.
• Chen, C.F., Chen, Y.H., Tixier-Boichard, M., Cheng, P.Y., Chang, C.S., Tang, P.C. and Lee, Y.P. 2009. Effects of the chicken sex-linked dwarf gene on growth and muscle development. Asian-Aus. J. Anim. Sci. 22: 937-942.
• Cole, R.K. 2000. An autosomal dwarfism in the domestic fowl. Poult. Sci. 79: 1507-1516.
• Cole, R.K. 1973. An autosomal dwarfism in the fowl. Poult. Sci. 52:2012-2013.
• Crew, F.A.E. 1925. Animal Genetics: An Introduction to the Science of Animal Breeding. Oliver and Boyd, Edinburgh. pp. 44-52.
• Custodio, R.W. S. and Jaap, R.G. 1973. Sex-linked reduction of body size in Golden Sebright Batnams. Poult. Sci. 52: 204-210.
• Decuypere, E., Huybrechts, L.M., Kuhn, E.R., Tixier-Biochard, M., Merat, P. 1991. Physiological alterations associated with the chicken sex-linked dwarfing gene. Crit. Rev. of Poult. Biol. 3: 191-221.
• Dunnington, E.A. and Siegel, P.B. 1984. Thermoregulation in newly hatched chicks. Poult. Sci., 63(7): 1303-1313.
• Erf, G.F. and Marsh, J.A. 1987. Triiodothyronine affects mitogen responsiveness in sex linked dwarf and Cornell K strain chickens. Develop. Comp. Immun. 11(2): 395-406.
• F.A.O. 2012. Phenotypic characterization of animal genetic resources. Food and Agricultural Organization, Rome, Italy.
• Faruque, S., Siddiquee, N.U., Afroz, M.A. and Islam, M.S. 2010. Phenotypic characterization of Native Chicken reared under intensive management system. J. Bang. Agric. Univ. 8: 79-82.
• Godfrey, E.F.1953. The genetic control of growth and adult body weight in the domestic fowl. Poult. Sci., 32: 248-259.
• Guillaume, J. 1976. The dwarfing gene dw: its effects on anatomy, physiology, nutrition, management and its application in poultry industry. World Poult. Sci. J. 32: 285-304.
• Horst, P., Mathur, P.K. and Valle Zarate, A. 1996. Breeding policies for specific tropical environments using appropriate combination of major genes. Proceedings of 20th Worl. Poult. Con. New Delhi. 1: 633-640.
• Hsu, P.L., Buckland, R.B., Hawes, R.O. 1975. A new dwarf isolate in the chicken: a possible new allele at the dw locus. Poult. Sci. 54: 1315-1319.
• Hussain, S.A., Horst, P., Mukherjee, T.K., Tawfik, E.S. 1982. Genotype Environment Interaction in layers involving dwarf gene (dw) and its normal (Dw) allele. Anim. Prod. Heal. Trop. pp.195-198.
• Hutt, F.B. 1953. Genetics, 38:670. In: Guillaume, J. 1976. The dwarfing gene dw: its effects on anatomy, physiology, nutrition, management. Its application in poultry industry. Worl. Poult. Sci. J. 32: 285-304.
• Islam, A.B.M., Hoque, M.M. and Rahim, Q.M.F. 1981. Reproductive performance of upgraded indigenous chicken. Poult. Adv. 14: 33-37.
• Islam, M.A. and Nishibori M. 2009. Indigenous naked neck chicken: a valuable genetic resource for Bangladesh. World Poult. Sci. J. 65: 125-138.
• Jaap, R.G. 1971. Effect of sex-linked genes on body size and reproduction. World Poult. Sci. J. 27: 281-282.
• Jaap, R. G. 1941. Body form in growing chicken. J. Agric. Res. 62:431-443.
• Kgwatalala, P.M., Nogayagae, M. and Nsoso, S.J. 2012. Growth performance of different strains of indigenous Tswana chickens under intensive management system. Afric. J. Agric. Res. 7: 2438-2445.
• Kokoszyński, D., Bernacki, Z.; Duszyński, L. 2012. Body conformation, carcass composition and physicochemical and sensory properties of meat from pheasants of different origin. Czech J. Anim. Sci. 57(3):115-124.
• Leenstra, F.R. and Pit, R. 1984. The autosomal dwarf as broiler sire mated to normal and sex-linked dwarf broiler dams: Performance of progeny. XVII World's Poultry Congress and Exhibition (August 8–12), Finland.
• Maciejowski, J. and Zeiba, T. 1982. Genetics and Animal Breeding. Amsterdam-Oxford-New York, PWN-Polish scientific publishers, Warszama.Maw, A.J.G. 1935. The inheritance of skeletal dimensions in the domestic fowl. Sci. Agric. 16: 85-112.
• Mendes, M., Dincer, E., Arslan, E., 2007. Profile Analysis and Growth Curve for Body Mass Index of Broiler Chickens Reared Under Different Feed Restrictions in Early Age. Arch. Tierz. Dummer. 50: 403-411.
• Olawunmi, O.O., Salako, A.E. and Afuwape, A. A. 2008. Morphometric differentiation and assessment of function of the Fulani and Yoruba ecotype indigenous chickens of Nigeria. Inter. J. Morp. 26: 975-980.
• Pandey, A. 1996. Studies on mini layer for egg production. Proceedings of 20th Worlds Poultry Congress. September 2-5, 1996. New Delhi, India. Vol. IV pp. 44.
• Petersen, J., Horst, P., Seehawer, J. 1977. Effects of the dwarfing gene on growth parameter and their genetic basis in laying hens. Archiv fur Geflug. 41(2): 72-75.
• Raut, S.N., Khan, A.G., Nema, R.P., Bhardwaj, J.K. 1996. Influence of sex on shank length and association of shank length with economic traits, in colour dwarf Krishna-J layer. Proceedings of 20th world`s poultry Congress September 2-5, 1996. New Delhi, India, Vol. IV p.33.
• Reddy, P.R.K. and Siegel, P.B. 1977. Selection for body weight at eight weeks of age 14. Effects of the sex-linked dwarf gene. Poult. Sci. 56(3): 1004-1013.
• Ricard, F. H. 1970. Study of a sex-linked dwarf gene in the fowl. Observations of growth and carcass characteristics in the young chicken. Anim. Genet. Select. 2:19-31.
• Sarker, N.R., Hoque, A., Faruque, S., Islam, N. and Bhuiyan, A.K.F.H. 2014. An ex situ study on body characteristics and effect of plumage color on body weight of indigenous chicken (Gallus domesticus) in Bangladesh. Acta Scientiarum. Anim. Sci. 36: 79-84.
• Scanes, C.G., Marsh, J., Decuypere, E., Rudas, P. 1983. Abnormalities in the plasma concentrations of thyroxine, tri-iodothyronine and growth hormone in sex linked dwarf White Leghorn domestic fowl (Gallus domesticus). J. Endocrinol. 97(1): 127-135.
• Uddin, M.H., Ali, A., Akter, Y. and Khatun, M.A. 2011. Geographical distribution, classification, characterization and conservation of different native chicken of Bangladesh. Bang. Res. Public. J. 5:227-233.
• Wu, C., Ning, Z., Yang, N. 1998. Use dwarf gene (dw) to breed small type brown layer. Proceedings of 6th Asian Pacific Poultry Congress. June 4-7, 1998. Nagoya, Japan. pp. 248-249.
• Yeasmin, T. and Howlider, M.A.R. 1998. Comparative physical features egg production and egg quality characteristics of normal and dwarf indigenous hens of Bangladesh. J. Appl. Anim. Res. 13: 191.
• Yeasmin, T. and Howlider, M.A.R. 2013. Effects of autosomal dwarf gene on growth and shank length of chicken. The Bang. Vet. 30: 25-32.