Relationships Between Egg Weight and Albumen Height in Quails and Investigating the Validity of the Presumptions that is in Commonly Used Quality Measurements Under Diverse Conditions

Abstract

In this study, the effects of flock age, storage time and the time elapsed in the early stages of incubation on the relationships between egg weight and thick albumen height in hatching Japanese quail eggs were investigated. Five different levels of flock age (8, 12, 18, 25 and 30 weeks); 4 different levels of storage period (0, 1, 4 and 7 days) and 5 different levels of elapsed time in the early stages of incubation (0, 6, 24, 30 and 48 hours) were considered. The correlations between egg weight and thick albumen height in all flock ages were found to be significant (P<0.05). The regression coefficients between thick albumen height and egg weight were 0.115, 0.082, 0.054, 0.085 and 0.061 mm/g at the respective age periods; and the R2 values were found to be 4.43, 2.11, 1.85, 2.76, and 2.42 %, respectively. The correlation between egg weight and albumen height was only found to be significant in eggs stored for 4 days. The regression coefficient was determined as 0.061 mm/g, and the R2 value as 1.77 %. The correlations between egg weight and albumen height which were measured at 0 and 6 hours of incubation were only found to be significant. At these elapsed times, the regression coefficients between albumen height and egg weight were determined as 0.0808 and 0.0809 mm/g, and R2 values were determined as 2.44 and 3.03%, respectively. There is no fixed relationship between albumen height and egg weight, which is applicable in all cases, such as different flock ages and storage times.

Keywords

• Albumen height
• Egg quality
• Egg weight
• Flock age
• Storage time

Bıldırcınlarda Yumurta Ağırlığı ile Ak Yüksekliği Arasındaki İlişkiler ve Yaygın Kullanılan Kalite Özelliklerindeki Ön Kabullerin Çeşitli Koşullar Altındaki Geçerliliklerinin Araştırılması

Abstract

Bu çalışmada kuluçkalık Japon bıldırcını yumurtalarında sürü yaşı, depolama süresi ve erken kuluçka döneminde geçen sürenin yumurta ağırlığı ile koyu ak yüksekliği arasındaki ilişkiler üzerine etkileri incelenmiştir. Sürü yaşının 5 farklı seviyesi (8, 12, 18, 25 ve 30. haftalar), depolama süresinin 4 farklı seviyesi (0, 1, 4 ve 7 gün) ve erken kuluçka döneminde geçen sürenin 5 farklı seviyesi (0, 6, 24, 30 ve 48. saatler) incelenmiştir. Bütün yaş dönemlerinde yumurta ağırlığı ile ak yüksekliği arasındaki korelasyonlar önemli bulunmuştur. Koyu ak yüksekliği ile yumurta ağırlığı arasındaki regresyon katsayıları ilgili yaş dönemlerinde sırasıyla 0,115; 0,082; 0,054; 0,085 ve 0,061 mm/g olarak; R2 değerleri ise yine sırasıyla %4,43; 2,1; 1,85; 2,76 ve 2,42 olarak bulunmuştur. Yumurta ağırlığı ile ak yüksekliği arasındaki korelasyon sadece 4 gün süreyle depolanan yumurtalarda önemli bulunmuştur. Regresyon katsayısı 0,061 mm/g, R2 değeri ise %1,77 olarak belirlenmiştir. Kuluçkanın sadece 0 ve 6. saatlerinde ölçülen ak yüksekliği değeri ile yumurta ağırlığı arasındaki korelasyonlar önemli bulunmuştur. Bu saatlerde ak yüksekliği ile yumurta ağırlığı arasındaki regresyon katsayıları sırasıyla 0,0808 ve 0,0809 mm/g olarak, R2 değerleri ise yine sırasıyla %2,44 ve %3,03 olarak belirlenmiştir. Ak yüksekliği ile yumurta ağırlığı arasında, farklı sürü yaşları ve depolama süreleri için geçerli olan sabit bir ilişki bulunamamıştır.

Keywords

• Ak yüksekliği
• Depolama süresi
• Sürü yaşı
• Yumurta ağırlığı
• Yumurta kalitesi

References

1. Aktan, S., 2011a. Effects of age and storage duration on relationships among albumen quality traits and egg weight in Japanese quails. Journal of Animal and Veterinary Advances, 10(25): 3340-3344.
2. Aktan, S., 2011b. Effects of age and strain on relationships among albumen quality traits and egg weight in commercial brown layers. Journal of Animal and Veterinary Advances, 10(25): 3345-3349.
3. Alarslan, Ö.F., 2006. Modern Bıldırcın Üretimi ve Temel Besleme Ilkeleri. 227 S., Ankara.
4. Anthon, M., Nau, F., Lechevalier, V., 2009. Egg proteins. (in Handbook of Hydrocolloids (2nd Ed.), Pages 359-382, ISBN 9781845694142, Woodhead Publishing.
5. Benton, C.E., Walsh, T.J., Brake, J., 2001. Effects of presence of a blastoderm on albumen height and pH. Poultry Science, 80: 955-957.
6. Eisen, E.J., Bohren, B.B., McKean, H.E., 1962. The Haugh unit as a measure of egg albumen quality. Poultry Science, 41: 1461-1468.
7. Haugh, R.R., 1937. The Haugh unit for measuring egg quality. US Egg Poultry Magazine, 43: 522-555, 572-573.
8. Hill, A.T., Hall, J.W., 1980. Effects of various combinations of oil spraying, washing, sanitizing, storage time, strain, and age upon albumen quality changes in storage and minimum sample sizes required for their measurement. Poultry Science, 59: 2237-2242.

9. Imai, C., 1986. Storage stability of quail (Coturnix coturnix japonica) eggs at room temperature. Poultry Science, 65: 474-480.
10. Jacob, J.P., Miles, R.D. and Mather, F.B., 1998. Egg quality. Fact Sheet PS-24, 13 p., University of Florida, Cooperative Extension Service, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences.
11. Karabağ, K., Alkan, S., Balcıoğlu, S.M., 2010. The differences in some production and clutch traits in divergently selected Japanese quails. Kafkas Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi Dergisi, 16(3): 383-387.
12. Kondaiah, N., Panda, B., Singhal, R.A., 1983. Internal egg quality measure for quail eggs. Indian Journal of Animal Science, 53(11): 1261-1264.
13. Koskan, O., Aktan, S., Kuru, N., 2016. Examination of Theil regression of nonparametric methods and linear regression analysis on Japanese quails having different sample size. Fresenius Environmental Bulletin, 25(9): 3673-3679.
14. Kul, S., Şeker, İ., 2004. Phenotypic correlations between some external and internal egg quality traits in the Japanese quail (Coturnix coturnix japonica). International Journal of Poultry Science, 3(6): 400-405.
15. Lechevalier, V., Croguennec, T., Anton, M., Nau, F., 2011. Processed egg products. (in Improving the Safety and Quality of Eggs and Egg Products: Egg Chemistry, Production and Consumption. Woodhead Publishing, Pages 538-581.
16. Nestor, K.E., Jaap, R.G., 1963. Egg weight may influence albumen height. Poultry Science, 42: 1249-1250.
17. Özçelik, M., 2002. The phenotypic correlations among some external and internal quality characteristics in Japanese quail eggs. Ankara Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi Dergisi, 49: 67-72.
18. Papoulis, A., 1990. Probability and Statistics. Prentence-Hall International Editions, ISBN: 0137117302.
19. Scott, T.A., Silversides, F.G., 2000. The effect of storage and strain of hen on egg quality. Poultry Science, 79: 1725-1729.
20. Silversides, F.G., 1994. The Haugh unit correction for egg weight is not adequate for comparing eggs from chickens of different lines and ages. Journal of Applied Poultry Research, 3: 120-126.
21. Silversides, F.G., Budgell, K., 2004. The relationships among measures of egg albumen height, ph, and whipping volume. Poultry Science, 83: 1619-1623.
22. Silversides, F.G., Scott, T.A., 2001. Effect of storage and layer age on quality of eggs from two lines of hens. Poultry Science, 80: 1240-1245.
23. Silversides, F.G., Villeneuve, P., 1994. Is the Haugh unit correction for egg weight valid for eggs stored at room temperature? Poultry Science, 73: 50-55 . Toussant, M.J., Latshaw, J.D., 1999. Ovomucin content and composition in chicken eggs with different interior quality. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture, 79: 1666-1670.
24. Toussant, M.J., Swayne, D.E., Latshaw, J.D., 1995. Morphologic characteristics of oviducts from hens producing eggs of different haugh units induced by genetics and by feeding vanadium as determined with computer software- integrated digitizing technology. Poultry Science, 74: 1671-1676.
25. Uluocak, N., Okan, F., Efe, E., Nacar, H., 1995. Bıldırcın yumurtalarında bazı iç ve dış kalite özellikleri ile bunların yaşa göre değişimi. Turkish Journal of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, 19: 181-185.
26. Vogt, H. 1965. Untersuchungen über die Zusammensetzung von Ei und Fleisch bei der Japanischen Wachtel. Deutsche Geflügelwirtschaft, 17(19): 320-321.
27. Williams, K.C., 1992. Some factors affecting albumen quality with particular reference to Haugh unit score. World‟s Poultry Science Journal, 48: 5-16.
28. Zynudheen, A.A., Anandan, R., Nair, K.G.R., 2008. Effect of dietary supplementation of fermented fish silage on egg production in Japanese quail (Coturnix coromandelica). African Journal of Agricultural Research, 3(5): 379-383.