The effect of the ethanolic extract of Laportea decumana (Roxb.) Wedd. on the inflammatory, proliferative and maturation stages of wound healing of an acute injury using a rat model

Abstract

Laportea decumana (Roxb.) Wedd. is a plant that is traditionally used for its analgesic, antipyretic, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antibacterial purposes. This study aimed to determine the wound-healing effects of fractionated L. decumana ethanol extract ointment on the inflammatory, proliferation, and maturation phases in a rat model of acute injury. L. decumana leaves were extracted with 70% ethanol and then fractionated with n-hexane with a centrifuge. The polar fraction was used in the animal model. Acute injury was induced in four areas on male rats (n=15), which were assigned to receive either Vaseline, 2% L. decumana extract, 4% L. decumana extract, or Myrhax ointment (control). The wound histological assessments during the inflammatory, proliferation, and maturation phases were conducted on day 1, day 4, and day 9 after injury, respectively. The results show that the wound diameter on Day 9 was significantly lower with 4% L. decumana treatment than with Vaseline and 2% L. decumana treatment and was similar to the results of using Myrhax ointment. Histopathological examination showed that during the inflammatory phase, all wounds exhibited edema, leucocytes, and macrophages; however, during the proliferation phase, 4% L. decumana treatment resulted in significantly more granulation and fibroblasts, as well as thicker collagen and faster reepithelialization during the maturation phase compared to Vaseline-only treatment. In conclusion, 4% L. decumana demonstrated a potent wound-healing effect in the rat acute injury model, especially hastening the proliferation and maturation phases of wound healing.

Keywords

• Laportea decumana
• wound healing
• inflammation
• proliferation
• maturation

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