Antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity of fruit, leaf and branch extracts of Paliurus spina-christi P. Mill.

Ali Şen

Antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity of fruit, leaf and branch extracts of Paliurus spina-christi P. Mill.

Abstract

In this study, it is aimed to investigate antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities of ethanol extracts and their n-hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate, and aqueous ethanol fractions of the fruits, leaves, and branches of Paliurus spinachristi P. Mill. (Rhamnaceae). The antioxidant activity of the extracts was tested by DPPH and ABTS methods and the results were expressed as IC50 values. The total phenolic content was determined by Folin-Ciocalteu method and the results were expressed as mg of gallic acid equivalent per g dry extract. Anti-inflammatory activity of extracts were evaluated against 5- lipoxygenase enzyme. In particular, all extracts obtained from branches of P. spina-christi, except hexane extract, showed strong antioxidant activity against DPPH and ABTS radicals. Ethyl acetate and ethanol extracts of branches of P. spina-christi showed the highest antioxidant activity in DPPH and ABTS assays with IC50 values of 15.54 and 22.06 µg/ml, respectively. Also, the highest total phenol content was found in the ethyl acetate extract of branches of P. spina-christi (286.6 mg/g). Ethyl acetate and ethanol extracts of leaves of P. spina-christi with IC50 values of 66.28 and 76.75 µg/ml were found to have the best anti-inflammatory activity in the lipoxygenase (LOX) inhibition assay used to evaluate anti-inflammatory activities of extracts. These results demonstrate that ethanol and ethyl acetate extracts from branches and leaves of Paliurus spina-christi have significant antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity. Also, these results confirm the folk use of the plant as an antiinflammatory medicine.

Keywords

References

[1] Davis PH. Flora of Turkey and East Aegean Island, Vol. 2. Edinburgh University Press, Edinburgh, UK, 1967.
[2] Bulut G. Folk medicinal plants of Silivri (İstanbul, Turkey). Marmara Pharm J. 2011;15:25-29.
[3] Kargıoğlu M, Cenkci S, Serteser A, Evliyaoğlu N, Konuk M, Kök MŞ, Bağcı Y. An Ethnobotanical Survey of Inner-West Anatolia, Turkey. Hum Ecol. 2008;36:763-777.
[4] Kargıoğlu M, Cenkci S, Serteser A, Konuk M, Vural G. Traditional Uses of Wild Plants in the Middle Aegean Region of Turkey. Hum Ecol. 2010;38:429-450.
[5] Sargın SA, Akçicek E, Selvi S. An ethnobotanical study of medicinal plants used by the local people of Alaşehir (Manisa) in Turkey. J Ethnopharm. 2013;150:860-874.
[6] Uzun M, Kaya A. Ethnobotanical research of medicinal plants in Mihalgazi (Eskişehir, Turkey). Pharm Biol. 2016;54(12):2922-2932.
[7] Tuzlacı E, Tolon E. Turkish folk medicinal plants, part III: Şile (Istanbul). Fitoterapia. 2000;71:673-685.
[8] Öz Aydın S, Dirmenci T, Tümen G, Başer KHC. Plants used as analgesic in the folk medicine of Turkey. ICEB 2005. 2006;167-171.

[9] Kayalar E, Küçük S, Göğer F. Determination of antioxidant activity and phenolic profile of Paliurus spina-christi P. Mill. Clin Exp Pharmacol. 2016;6:2 (Suppl).
[10] Sezik E, Zor M, Yeşilada E. Traditional Medicine in Turkey II. Folk Medicine in Kastamonu. Int J Pharmacognosy. 1992;30:233-239.
[11] Zor M, Aydın S, Güner N, Başaran N, Başaran AA. Antigenotoxic properties of Paliurus spina-christi Mill fruits and their active compounds. BMC Complement Altern Med. 2017;17:1-10.
[12] Kemertelidze EP, Dalakishvili TsM, Gusakova SD, Shalashvili KG, Khatiashvili NS, Bitadze MA, Gogilashvili LM, Bereznyakova AI. Chemical composition and pharmacological activity of the fruits of Paliurus spina-christi Mill. Pharm Chem J. 1999;33(11):591-594.
[13] Jukic M, Burcul F, Carev I, Politeo O, Milos M. Screening for acetylcholinesterase inhibition and antioxidant activity of selected plants from Croatia. Nat Prod Res. 2012;26(18):1703-1707.
[14] Kırca A, Arslan E. Antioxidant capacity and total phenolic content of selected plants from Turkey. Int J Food Sci Technol. 2008;43:2038-2046.
[15] Brantner A, Males Z, Pepeljnjak S, Antolic A. Antimicrobial activity of Paliurus spina-christi Mill. (Christ's thorn). J Ethnopharmacol. 1996;52:119-122.
[16] Kuštrak D, Željan M, Brantner A, Pitarević I. Flavonoids of the leaves of Christ's thorn (Paliurus spina-christi Mill.). Acta Pharm Iugoslavica. 1990;40(4):551-554.
[17] Dalakishvili TsM, Zurabishvili TS, Kemertelidze EP. Phytochemical investigation of Paliurus spina-christi. Khim Prir Soedin. 1986;5:639.
[18] Brantner AH, Males Z. Quality assessment of Paliurus spina-christi extracts. J Ethnopharmacol. 1999;66:175-179.
[19] Kapewangolo P, Omolo JJ, Bruwer R, Fonteh P, Meyer D. Antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity of Ocimum labiatum extract and isolated labdane diterpenoid. J Inflamm. 2015;12:1-13.
[20] Serafini M, Peluso I, Raguzzini A. Flavonoids as anti-inflammatory agents. Proc Nutr Soc. 2010;69(3):273-278.
[21] Zou Y, Chang SK, Gu Y, Qian SY. Antioxidant activity and phenolic compositions of lentil (Lens culinaris var. morton) extract and its fractions. J Agric Food Chem. 2011;59(6):2268-2276.
[22] Gao X, Ohlander M, Jeppsson N, Björk L, Trajkovski V. Changes in antioxidant effects and their relationship to phytonutrients in fruits of Sea Buckthorn (Hippophae rhamnoides L.) during maturation. J Agric Food Chem. 2000;48:1485-1490.
[23] Phosrithong N, Nuchtavorn N. Antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities of Clerodendrum leaf extracts collected in Thailand. Eur J Integr Med. 2016;8:281-285.

Details

Primary Language

English

Subjects

Pharmacognosy

Journal Section

Research Article

Authors

Ali Şen ^*
0000-0002-2144-5741
Türkiye

Publication Date

June 27, 2025

Submission Date

January 25, 2018

Acceptance Date

February 13, 2018

Published in Issue

Year 2018 Volume: 22 Number: 2

IZ

https://izlik.org/JA74EG54HU

Cite

RIS / Bibtex

APA

Şen, A. (2025). Antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity of fruit, leaf and branch extracts of Paliurus spina-christi P. Mill. Journal of Research in Pharmacy, 22(2), 328-333. https://izlik.org/JA74EG54HU

AMA

1.Şen A. Antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity of fruit, leaf and branch extracts of Paliurus spina-christi P. Mill. J. Res. Pharm. 2025;22(2):328-333. https://izlik.org/JA74EG54HU

Chicago

Şen, Ali. 2025. “Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Activity of Fruit, Leaf and Branch Extracts of Paliurus Spina-Christi P. Mill”. Journal of Research in Pharmacy 22 (2): 328-33. https://izlik.org/JA74EG54HU.

EndNote

Şen A (June 1, 2025) Antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity of fruit, leaf and branch extracts of Paliurus spina-christi P. Mill. Journal of Research in Pharmacy 22 2 328–333.

IEEE

[1]A. Şen, “Antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity of fruit, leaf and branch extracts of Paliurus spina-christi P. Mill”., J. Res. Pharm., vol. 22, no. 2, pp. 328–333, June 2025, [Online]. Available: https://izlik.org/JA74EG54HU

ISNAD

Şen, Ali. “Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Activity of Fruit, Leaf and Branch Extracts of Paliurus Spina-Christi P. Mill”. Journal of Research in Pharmacy 22/2 (June 1, 2025): 328-333. https://izlik.org/JA74EG54HU.

JAMA

1.Şen A. Antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity of fruit, leaf and branch extracts of Paliurus spina-christi P. Mill. J. Res. Pharm. 2025;22:328–333.

MLA

Şen, Ali. “Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Activity of Fruit, Leaf and Branch Extracts of Paliurus Spina-Christi P. Mill”. Journal of Research in Pharmacy, vol. 22, no. 2, June 2025, pp. 328-33, https://izlik.org/JA74EG54HU.

Vancouver

1.Ali Şen. Antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity of fruit, leaf and branch extracts of Paliurus spina-christi P. Mill. J. Res. Pharm. [Internet]. 2025 Jun. 1;22(2):328-33. Available from: https://izlik.org/JA74EG54HU