Investigation of total phenolic and flavonoid content of Salvia willeana (Holmboe) Hedge, an endemic plant of Cyprus, and screening of its antioxidant and cholinesterase inhibitory properties

Tugba Ercetin; Maryam Safaei; Hayrettin Ozan Gülcan

Investigation of total phenolic and flavonoid content of Salvia willeana (Holmboe) Hedge, an endemic plant of Cyprus, and screening of its antioxidant and cholinesterase inhibitory properties

Abstract

Salvia willeana (Holmboe) Hedge is an endemic plant of Cyprus island. There have been limited number of studies on the plant, beside some analytical studies on its chemical content. This study aimed to investigate total phenolic and flavonoid content of the plant concomitant to some pharmacological activity screening studies including antioxidant and cholinesterase inhibition. Following obtaining different organic solvent and aqueous extracts of the dried aerial parts of the plant, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity, ferric-reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), iron-chelation capacity assays, and modified Ellman’s method were employed for screening antioxidant and cholinesterase inhibition studies. S. willeana extracts displayed low to moderate activities in cholinesterase inhibition assays. The ethyl acetate extracts of the leaves and the methanol extracts of the stem part of the plant displayed the highest acetylcholinesterase inhibitory potential (i.e., 28.95 ± 0.035%, and 24.01 ± 0.007%, respectively), while the highest butyrylcholinesterase inhibitory potential was obtained in aqueous extracts of the stem at 0.5 mg/mL (i.e., 29.10 ± 0.005%). The methanol extracts of the leaves and flower of the plant provided the highest antioxidant activity in DPPH radical scavenging activity (67.94 ± 0.003%, and 45.07 ± 0.001%, respectively) at 0.5 mg/mL concentration. Ferrous iron chelating activity of the extracts were found weak in general. The plant was found rich in terms of its flavonoid and phenolic contents as shown in the ethyl acetate and methanol extracts of the leaves (i.e., 547.55 ± 3.12 mg/g, and 300.24 ± 1.23 mg/g extract, respectively).

Keywords

References

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Details

Primary Language

English

Subjects

Pharmacognosy, Pharmaceutical Chemistry

Journal Section

Research Article

Authors

Tugba Ercetin ^*
0000-0001-7774-7266
Kuzey Kıbrıs Türk Cumhuriyeti

Maryam Safaei This is me
0000-0001-8102-284X
Kuzey Kıbrıs Türk Cumhuriyeti

Hayrettin Ozan Gülcan
0000-0002-9503-5841
Kuzey Kıbrıs Türk Cumhuriyeti

Publication Date

June 28, 2025

Submission Date

June 3, 2021

Acceptance Date

December 31, 2021

Published in Issue

Year 2022 Volume: 26 Number: 2

IZ

https://izlik.org/JA46KK59MS

Cite

RIS / Bibtex

APA

Ercetin, T., Safaei, M., & Gülcan, H. O. (2025). Investigation of total phenolic and flavonoid content of Salvia willeana (Holmboe) Hedge, an endemic plant of Cyprus, and screening of its antioxidant and cholinesterase inhibitory properties. Journal of Research in Pharmacy, 26(2), 263-271. https://izlik.org/JA46KK59MS

AMA

1.Ercetin T, Safaei M, Gülcan HO. Investigation of total phenolic and flavonoid content of Salvia willeana (Holmboe) Hedge, an endemic plant of Cyprus, and screening of its antioxidant and cholinesterase inhibitory properties. J. Res. Pharm. 2025;26(2):263-271. https://izlik.org/JA46KK59MS

Chicago

Ercetin, Tugba, Maryam Safaei, and Hayrettin Ozan Gülcan. 2025. “Investigation of Total Phenolic and Flavonoid Content of Salvia Willeana (Holmboe) Hedge, an Endemic Plant of Cyprus, and Screening of Its Antioxidant and Cholinesterase Inhibitory Properties”. Journal of Research in Pharmacy 26 (2): 263-71. https://izlik.org/JA46KK59MS.

EndNote

Ercetin T, Safaei M, Gülcan HO (June 1, 2025) Investigation of total phenolic and flavonoid content of Salvia willeana (Holmboe) Hedge, an endemic plant of Cyprus, and screening of its antioxidant and cholinesterase inhibitory properties. Journal of Research in Pharmacy 26 2 263–271.

IEEE

[1]T. Ercetin, M. Safaei, and H. O. Gülcan, “Investigation of total phenolic and flavonoid content of Salvia willeana (Holmboe) Hedge, an endemic plant of Cyprus, and screening of its antioxidant and cholinesterase inhibitory properties”, J. Res. Pharm., vol. 26, no. 2, pp. 263–271, June 2025, [Online]. Available: https://izlik.org/JA46KK59MS

ISNAD

Ercetin, Tugba - Safaei, Maryam - Gülcan, Hayrettin Ozan. “Investigation of Total Phenolic and Flavonoid Content of Salvia Willeana (Holmboe) Hedge, an Endemic Plant of Cyprus, and Screening of Its Antioxidant and Cholinesterase Inhibitory Properties”. Journal of Research in Pharmacy 26/2 (June 1, 2025): 263-271. https://izlik.org/JA46KK59MS.

JAMA

1.Ercetin T, Safaei M, Gülcan HO. Investigation of total phenolic and flavonoid content of Salvia willeana (Holmboe) Hedge, an endemic plant of Cyprus, and screening of its antioxidant and cholinesterase inhibitory properties. J. Res. Pharm. 2025;26:263–271.

MLA

Ercetin, Tugba, et al. “Investigation of Total Phenolic and Flavonoid Content of Salvia Willeana (Holmboe) Hedge, an Endemic Plant of Cyprus, and Screening of Its Antioxidant and Cholinesterase Inhibitory Properties”. Journal of Research in Pharmacy, vol. 26, no. 2, June 2025, pp. 263-71, https://izlik.org/JA46KK59MS.

Vancouver

1.Tugba Ercetin, Maryam Safaei, Hayrettin Ozan Gülcan. Investigation of total phenolic and flavonoid content of Salvia willeana (Holmboe) Hedge, an endemic plant of Cyprus, and screening of its antioxidant and cholinesterase inhibitory properties. J. Res. Pharm. [Internet]. 2025 Jun. 1;26(2):263-71. Available from: https://izlik.org/JA46KK59MS