Beta vulgaris L. var. cicla improves memory deficits in intracerebroventricular streptozotocin injected rats: Role on neuroinflammation

Büşra Ertaş; Fadime Topal; Rezzan Gülhan; Refiye Yanardağ; Özlem Saçan; Göksel Şener

Beta vulgaris L. var. cicla improves memory deficits in intracerebroventricular streptozotocin injected rats: Role on neuroinflammation

Abstract

Alzheimer's disease is a challenging disease for patients due to progressive loss of cognition and behavioral disorders. Disruption of cholinergic transmission and neuroinflammation are the most important mechanisms underlying cognitive damage. Beta vulgaris L. var. cicla (BV) has been reported to have various pharmacological effects associated with its rich antioxidant content. In addition, anticholinesterase and anti- inflammatory activities of BV have been demonstrated in vitro. The aim of this study is to elucidate the therapeutic effect of BV against cognitive impairment, reduction in cholinergic transmission and neuroinflammation caused by intracerebroventricular (ICV) administration of streptozotocin (STZ). STZ was administered bilaterally at a dose of 3 mg/kg via ICV to rats, and BV treatment at a dose of 2 g/kg for 21 days was administered orally to STZ-induced animals. After behavioral tests, AChE activity, TNF- and IL-1 levels were measured in hippocampus and cortex tissues excised from decapitated animals. Novel object recognition and passive avoidance test showed that the treatment of BV reverted the ICV-STZ induced memory dysfunctions in rats. Furthermore, increased AChE levels in the hippocampal and cortical tissues of STZ-induced rats were significantly reduced with 21 days of BV treatment. In conclusion, these results confirm that STZ administration caused cholinergic hypofunction, neuronal inflammation and cognitive dysfunction in rats, and BV therapy significantly inhibited these changes with its potential neuroprotective activity.

Keywords

References

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Details

Primary Language

English

Subjects

Basic Pharmacology

Journal Section

Research Article

Authors

Büşra Ertaş ^*
Türkiye

Fadime Topal This is me
Türkiye

Rezzan Gülhan
Türkiye

Refiye Yanardağ
Türkiye

Özlem Saçan
Türkiye

Göksel Şener
Türkiye

Publication Date

June 28, 2025

Submission Date

August 8, 2021

Acceptance Date

August 26, 2021

Published in Issue

Year 2021 Volume: 25 Number: 5

IZ

https://izlik.org/JA92GB92TS

Cite

RIS / Bibtex

APA

Ertaş, B., Topal, F., Gülhan, R., Yanardağ, R., Saçan, Ö., & Şener, G. (2025). Beta vulgaris L. var. cicla improves memory deficits in intracerebroventricular streptozotocin injected rats: Role on neuroinflammation. Journal of Research in Pharmacy, 25(5), 589-599. https://izlik.org/JA92GB92TS

AMA

1.Ertaş B, Topal F, Gülhan R, Yanardağ R, Saçan Ö, Şener G. Beta vulgaris L. var. cicla improves memory deficits in intracerebroventricular streptozotocin injected rats: Role on neuroinflammation. J. Res. Pharm. 2025;25(5):589-599. https://izlik.org/JA92GB92TS

Chicago

Ertaş, Büşra, Fadime Topal, Rezzan Gülhan, Refiye Yanardağ, Özlem Saçan, and Göksel Şener. 2025. “Beta Vulgaris L. Var. Cicla Improves Memory Deficits in Intracerebroventricular Streptozotocin Injected Rats: Role on Neuroinflammation”. Journal of Research in Pharmacy 25 (5): 589-99. https://izlik.org/JA92GB92TS.

EndNote

Ertaş B, Topal F, Gülhan R, Yanardağ R, Saçan Ö, Şener G (July 1, 2025) Beta vulgaris L. var. cicla improves memory deficits in intracerebroventricular streptozotocin injected rats: Role on neuroinflammation. Journal of Research in Pharmacy 25 5 589–599.

IEEE

[1]B. Ertaş, F. Topal, R. Gülhan, R. Yanardağ, Ö. Saçan, and G. Şener, “Beta vulgaris L. var. cicla improves memory deficits in intracerebroventricular streptozotocin injected rats: Role on neuroinflammation”, J. Res. Pharm., vol. 25, no. 5, pp. 589–599, July 2025, [Online]. Available: https://izlik.org/JA92GB92TS

ISNAD

Ertaş, Büşra - Topal, Fadime - Gülhan, Rezzan - Yanardağ, Refiye - Saçan, Özlem - Şener, Göksel. “Beta Vulgaris L. Var. Cicla Improves Memory Deficits in Intracerebroventricular Streptozotocin Injected Rats: Role on Neuroinflammation”. Journal of Research in Pharmacy 25/5 (July 1, 2025): 589-599. https://izlik.org/JA92GB92TS.

JAMA

1.Ertaş B, Topal F, Gülhan R, Yanardağ R, Saçan Ö, Şener G. Beta vulgaris L. var. cicla improves memory deficits in intracerebroventricular streptozotocin injected rats: Role on neuroinflammation. J. Res. Pharm. 2025;25:589–599.

MLA

Ertaş, Büşra, et al. “Beta Vulgaris L. Var. Cicla Improves Memory Deficits in Intracerebroventricular Streptozotocin Injected Rats: Role on Neuroinflammation”. Journal of Research in Pharmacy, vol. 25, no. 5, July 2025, pp. 589-9, https://izlik.org/JA92GB92TS.

Vancouver

1.Büşra Ertaş, Fadime Topal, Rezzan Gülhan, Refiye Yanardağ, Özlem Saçan, Göksel Şener. Beta vulgaris L. var. cicla improves memory deficits in intracerebroventricular streptozotocin injected rats: Role on neuroinflammation. J. Res. Pharm. [Internet]. 2025 Jul. 1;25(5):589-9. Available from: https://izlik.org/JA92GB92TS