In vitro enzyme inhibitory properties, antioxidant activities, and phytochemical studies on Juniperus drupacea

Didem Deliorman Orhan; Nilüfer Orhan; Alper Gökbulut

In vitro enzyme inhibitory properties, antioxidant activities, and phytochemical studies on Juniperus drupacea

Abstract

Juniperus drupacea Labill. is used for medicinal purposes and to obtain a traditional food product “pekmez” for centuries. We aimed to evaluate antidiabetic and antioxidant activities of the extracts prepared from J. drupacea fruits, leaves and branches. Therefore, α-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibitory effects and antioxidant activities of the water, ethyl acetate, and methanol extracts were evaluated. Additionally, total phenolic and total flavonoid contents of the extracts were investigated. Standardization of the methanol extracts on amentoflavone and umbelliferone was performed using a RP-HPLC-DAD method. All extracts showed excellent and dose dependent inhibitory effect on α-glucosidase enzyme. Moreover, fruit methanol extract (99.92 ± 0.30%) and leaf methanol extract (99.44 ± 1.78%) were more effective than reference drug Acarbose (98.88 ± 0.07%) at 1 mg/ml concentration. On the other hand, the extracts rich in flavonoids and phenolics showed remarkable antioxidant activity. Results of HPLC analysis revealed that amentoflavone was detected in serious amount especially in the leaves as 0.148±0.001 g/100 g dry weight. Umbelliferone was determined in minor amount in both leaves and branches.

Keywords

References

[1] Coode MJE, Cullen J. Juniperus L. In: Davis PH. (Ed). Flora of Turkey and the East Aegean Islands. Edinburgh University Press, Edinburgh, 1965, pp. 78-84.
[2] Baytop T. Therapy with Medicinal Plants in Turkey, Past and Present, second ed., Nobel Tıp Kitabevleri, Istanbul, Turkey 1999.
[3] Baser KHC, Honda G, Miki W. Herb Drugs and Herbalists in Turkey. Institute for the Study of Languages and Cultures of Asia and Africa, Tokyo, Japan 1986.
[4] Honda G, Yesilada E, Tabata M, Sezik E, Fujita T, Takeda Y, Takaishi Y, Tanaka T. Traditional medicine in Turkey. VI. Folk medicine in West Anatolia: Afyon, Kütahya, Denizli, Mugla, Aydın provinces. J Ethnopharmacol. 1996; 53: 75-87. [CrossRef]
[5] Yeşilada E, Honda G, Sezik E, Tabata M, Goto K, Ikeshiro Y. Traditional medicine in Turkey. IV. Folk medicine in the Mediterranean subdivision. J Ethnopharmacol. 1993; 39: 31-38. [CrossRef]
[6] Yeşilada E, Honda G, Sezik E, Tabata M, Fujita T, Tanaka T, Takeda Y, Takaishi Y. Traditional medicine in Turkey. V. Folk medicine in the inner Taurus mountains. J Ethnopharmacol. 1995; 46: 133-152. [CrossRef]
[7] Akinci I, Ozdemir F, Topuz A, Kabas O, Canakci M. Some physical and nutritional properties of Juniperus drupacea fruits. J Food Eng. 2004; 65: 325-331. [CrossRef]
[8] El-Ghorab A, Shaaban HA, El-Massry KF, Shibamoto T. Chemical composition of volatile extract and biological activities of volatile and less volatile extracts of juniper berry (Juniperus drupacea L.) fruit. J Agric Food Chem. 2008; 56: 5021-5025. [CrossRef]

[9] Kozan E, Kupeli E, Yeşilada E. Evaluation of some plants used in Turkish folk medicine against parasitic infections for their in vivo anthelmintic activity. J Ethnopharmacol. 2006; 108: 211-216. [CrossRef]
[10] Kupeli Akkol E, Guvenc A, Yeşilada E. A comparative study on the antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory activities of five Juniperus taxa. J Ethnopharmacol. 2009; 125: 330-336. [CrossRef]
[11] Miceli N, Trovato A, Marino A, Bellinghieri V, Melchini A, Dugo P, Cacciola F, Donato P, Mondello L, Güvenç A, De Pasquale R, Taviano MF. Phenolic composition and biological activities of Juniperus drupacea Labill. berries from Turkey. Food Chem Toxicol. 2011; 49(10): 2600-2608. [CrossRef]
[12] Taviano MF, Marino A, Trovato A, Bellinghieri V, La Barbera TM, Guvenc A, Hurkul MM, Pasquale RD, Miceli N. Antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of branches extracts of five Juniperus species from Turkey. Pharm Biol. 2011; 49(10): 1014-1022. [CrossRef]
[13] Orhan N, Aslan M, Demirci B, Ergun F. A bioactivity guided study on the antidiabetic activity of Juniperus oxycedrus subsp. oxycedrus L. leaves. J Ethnopharmacol. 2012; 140: 409-415. [CrossRef]
[14] Orhan N, Aslan M, Pekcan M, Deliorman Orhan D, Bedir E, Ergun F. Identification of hypoglycaemic compounds from berries of Juniperus oxycedrus subsp. oxycedrus through bioactivity guided isolation technique. J Ethnopharmacol. 2012; 139: 110-118. [CrossRef]
[15] Orhan N, Hoşbaş S, Deliorman Orhan D, Aslan M, Ergun F. Enzyme inhibitory and radical scavenging effects of some antidiabetic plants of Turkey. Iran J Basic Med Sci. 2014; 17: 426-432. [CrossRef]
[16] Orhan N, Deliorman Orhan D, Gökbulut A, Aslan M, Ergun F. Comparative analysis of chemical profile, antioxidant, in-vitro and in-vivo antidiabetic activities of Juniperus foetidissima Willd. and Juniperus sabina L. Iran J Pharm Res. 2017; 16 (Special Issue): 64-74.
[17] Gray AM, Flatt PR. Nature’s own pharmacy: the diabetes perspective. Proc Nutr Soc. 1997; 56: 507-517. [CrossRef]
[18] Orhan N, Berkkan A, Deliorman Orhan D, Aslan M, Ergun F. Effects of Juniperus oxycedrus ssp. oxycedrus on tissue lipid peroxidation, trace elements (Cu, Zn, Fe) and blood glucose levels in experimental diabetes. J Ethnopharmacol. 2011; 133: 759-764. [CrossRef]
[19] Asgary S, Sahebkar A, Naderi GA, Ardekani MRS, Kasher T, Aslani S, Airin A, Emami SA. Essential oils from the fruits and leaves of Juniperus sabina possess inhibitory activity against protein glycation and oxidative stress: an in vitro phytochemical investigation. Journal of Essential Oil Research 2013; 25(1): 70-77. [CrossRef]
[20] Emami SA, Asgary S, Naderi GA, Shams Ardekani MR, Kasher T, Aslani S, Sahebkar A. Antioxidant activities of Juniperus foetidissima essential oils against several oxidative systems. Rev Bras Farmacogn. 2011; 21(4): 627-634. [CrossRef]
[21] Keskes H, Belhadj S, Jlail L, El Feki A, Damak M, Sayadi S, Allouche N. LC-MS-MS and GC-MS analyses of biologically active extracts and fractions from Tunisian Juniperus phoenice leaves. Pharm Biol. 2017; 55(1): 88-95. [CrossRef]
[22] Kim SJ, Jung JY, Kim HW, Park T. Anti-obesity effects of Juniperus chinensis extract are associated with increased AMP-activated protein kinase expression and phosphorylation in the visceral adipose tissue of rats. Biol Pharm Bull. 2008; 31(7): 1415-1421. [CrossRef]
[23] Seca AML, Silva AMS. The chemical composition of the Juniperus genus (1970-2004). Recent Progress in Medicinal Plants Source. 2007; 16: 401-522.
[24] Sezik E, Kocakulak E, Ozek T, Baser KHC. Essential oils composition of Juniperus drupacea Lab. leaf from Turkey. Acta Pharm Sci. 2009; 51: 109-120.
[25] Ighodaro OM, Akinloye OA, Ugbaja RN, Omotainse SO. Sapium ellipticum (Hochst) Pax ethanol leaf extract modulates glucokinase and glucose-6-phosphatase activities in streptozotocin induced diabetic rats. Asian Pac J Trop Biomed. 2017; 7(6): 544-548. [CrossRef]
[26] Laishram S, Sheikh Y, Moirangthem DS, Deb L, Pal BC, Talukdar NC, Borah JC. Anti-diabetic molecules from Cycas pectinata Griff. traditionally used by the Maiba-Maibi. Phytomedicine. 2015; 22: 23-26. [CrossRef]
[27] Zheng X, Li Y, Zhang L, Feng W, Zhang X. Antihyperglycemic activity of Selaginella tamariscina (Beauv.) Spring. J Ethnopharmacol. 2011; 133: 531-537. [CrossRef]
[28] Kim JS, Kwon CS, Son KH. Inhibition of alpha-glucosidase and amylase by luteolin, a flavonoid. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem. 2000; 64: 2458-2461. [CrossRef]
[29] Na MK, Kim KA, Oh H, Kim BY, Oh WK, Ahn JS. Protein tyrosine phosphatase 1b inhibitory activity of amentoflavone and its cellular effect on tyrosine phosphorylation of insulin receptors. Biol Pharm Bull. 2007; 30: 379-381. [CrossRef]
[30] Zheng X, Ke Y, Feng A, Yuan P, Zhou J, Yu Y, Wang X, Feng W. The mechanism by which amentoflavone improves insulin resistance in HepG2 cells. Molecules. 2016; 21(5): 624. [CrossRef]
[31] Dinish TCP, Madeira VMC, Almeida LM. Action of phenolic derivatives (acetaminophen, salicylate and 5-aminosalicylate) as inhibitors of membrane lipid peroxidation and as peroxyl radical scavengers. Arch Biochem Biophys. 1994; 315: 161-169.
[32] Adaramoye OA, Farombi EO, Adeyemi EO, Emerole GO. Comparative study on the antioxidant properties of flavonoids of Garcinia kola seeds. Pak J Med Sci. 2005; 21: 331-339.
[33] Liu F, Ooi VFC, Chang ST. Free radical scavenging activity of mushroom polysaccharide extracts. Life Sci. 1997; 60: 763-771.
[34] Jung HA, Jin SE, Choi RJ, Manh HT, Kim YS, Min BS, Son YK, Ahn BR, Kim BW, Sohn HS, Choi JS. Antitumorigenic activity of sophoraflavescenol against lewis lung carcinoma in vitro and in vivo. Arch Pharm Res. 2011; 34: 2087-2099. [CrossRef]
[35] Zongo C, Savadogo A, Ouattara L, Bassole IHN, Ouattara CAT, Ouattara AS, Barro N, Koudou J, Traore AS. Polyphenols content, antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of Ampelocissus grantii (Baker) Planch. (Vitaceae): A medicinal plant from Burkina Faso. Int J Pharmacol. 2010; 6: 880-887. [CrossRef]
[36] Kosalec I, Bakmaz M, Pepeljnjak S, Vladimir-Knezevic S. Quantitative analysis of the flavonoids in raw propolis from northern Croatia. Acta Pharm. 2004; 54: 65-72

Details

Primary Language

English

Subjects

Pharmacognosy

Journal Section

Research Article

Authors

Didem Deliorman Orhan
Türkiye

Nilüfer Orhan ^*
Türkiye

Alper Gökbulut
Türkiye

Publication Date

June 27, 2025

Submission Date

March 16, 2018

Acceptance Date

May 8, 2018

Published in Issue

Year 2019 Volume: 23 Number: 1

IZ

https://izlik.org/JA89PY75YR

Cite

RIS / Bibtex

APA

Deliorman Orhan, D., Orhan, N., & Gökbulut, A. (2025). In vitro enzyme inhibitory properties, antioxidant activities, and phytochemical studies on Juniperus drupacea. Journal of Research in Pharmacy, 23(1), 83-92. https://izlik.org/JA89PY75YR

AMA

1.Deliorman Orhan D, Orhan N, Gökbulut A. In vitro enzyme inhibitory properties, antioxidant activities, and phytochemical studies on Juniperus drupacea. J. Res. Pharm. 2025;23(1):83-92. https://izlik.org/JA89PY75YR

Chicago

Deliorman Orhan, Didem, Nilüfer Orhan, and Alper Gökbulut. 2025. “In Vitro Enzyme Inhibitory Properties, Antioxidant Activities, and Phytochemical Studies on Juniperus Drupacea”. Journal of Research in Pharmacy 23 (1): 83-92. https://izlik.org/JA89PY75YR.

EndNote

Deliorman Orhan D, Orhan N, Gökbulut A (June 1, 2025) In vitro enzyme inhibitory properties, antioxidant activities, and phytochemical studies on Juniperus drupacea. Journal of Research in Pharmacy 23 1 83–92.

IEEE

[1]D. Deliorman Orhan, N. Orhan, and A. Gökbulut, “In vitro enzyme inhibitory properties, antioxidant activities, and phytochemical studies on Juniperus drupacea”, J. Res. Pharm., vol. 23, no. 1, pp. 83–92, June 2025, [Online]. Available: https://izlik.org/JA89PY75YR

ISNAD

Deliorman Orhan, Didem - Orhan, Nilüfer - Gökbulut, Alper. “In Vitro Enzyme Inhibitory Properties, Antioxidant Activities, and Phytochemical Studies on Juniperus Drupacea”. Journal of Research in Pharmacy 23/1 (June 1, 2025): 83-92. https://izlik.org/JA89PY75YR.

JAMA

1.Deliorman Orhan D, Orhan N, Gökbulut A. In vitro enzyme inhibitory properties, antioxidant activities, and phytochemical studies on Juniperus drupacea. J. Res. Pharm. 2025;23:83–92.

MLA

Deliorman Orhan, Didem, et al. “In Vitro Enzyme Inhibitory Properties, Antioxidant Activities, and Phytochemical Studies on Juniperus Drupacea”. Journal of Research in Pharmacy, vol. 23, no. 1, June 2025, pp. 83-92, https://izlik.org/JA89PY75YR.

Vancouver

1.Didem Deliorman Orhan, Nilüfer Orhan, Alper Gökbulut. In vitro enzyme inhibitory properties, antioxidant activities, and phytochemical studies on Juniperus drupacea. J. Res. Pharm. [Internet]. 2025 Jun. 1;23(1):83-92. Available from: https://izlik.org/JA89PY75YR