Assessment of dermal biocompatibility and antimicrobial activity of silver-made nipple cap

Mohammad Charehsaz; Rengin Reis; Engin Sümer; Duygu Orak; İnci Deniz; Hande Sipahi; Ahmet Aydın

Assessment of dermal biocompatibility and antimicrobial activity of silver-made nipple cap

Abstract

Breastfeeding is considered a gold standard for infant development. However, several complications such as nipple fissure, infection and ulceration might be accomplished during nursing, which may lead to early cessation of breastfeeding. For this purpose, silver-made nipple cap SilverNurse® (SN) has been designed to control symptoms of nipple fissure in lactating women by aiming to eliminate antimicrobial resistance compared to the alternative treatment methods. Therefore, aim of the present study is to assess antimicrobial efficacy and dermal safety of silver-made SN in context of biocompatibility with cytotoxicity assay, in vitro EpiDerm skin irritation and in vivo skin irritation tests. According to the represented results, SN exhibited potent antimicrobial activity on Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Enterococcus hirae, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa bacteria as well as Candida albicans fungi. Cytotoxicity by MTT assay showed that prepared extract of SN has a lack of cytotoxicity in tested concentrations. In addition, in vitro EpiDerm skin irritation model and in vivo skin test demonstrated that SN can be classified as biocompatible and non-irritant for dermal use without any sign of erythema and edema. Therefore, in the present study, it was evaluated that SN can be applied safely in daily comfort fields for lactating women without dermal complications related to infection and skin irritation.

Keywords

References

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Details

Primary Language

English

Subjects

Pharmaceutical Toxicology

Journal Section

Research Article

Authors

Mohammad Charehsaz ^* This is me
Türkiye

Rengin Reis
Türkiye

Engin Sümer
Türkiye

Duygu Orak This is me
Türkiye

İnci Deniz
Türkiye

Hande Sipahi
Türkiye

Ahmet Aydın
Türkiye

Publication Date

June 28, 2025

Submission Date

March 24, 2021

Acceptance Date

September 9, 2021

Published in Issue

Year 2021 Volume: 25 Number: 5

IZ

https://izlik.org/JA57HC58JW

Cite

RIS / Bibtex

APA

Charehsaz, M., Reis, R., Sümer, E., Orak, D., Deniz, İ., Sipahi, H., & Aydın, A. (2025). Assessment of dermal biocompatibility and antimicrobial activity of silver-made nipple cap. Journal of Research in Pharmacy, 25(5), 755-762. https://izlik.org/JA57HC58JW

AMA

1.Charehsaz M, Reis R, Sümer E, et al. Assessment of dermal biocompatibility and antimicrobial activity of silver-made nipple cap. J. Res. Pharm. 2025;25(5):755-762. https://izlik.org/JA57HC58JW

Chicago

Charehsaz, Mohammad, Rengin Reis, Engin Sümer, et al. 2025. “Assessment of Dermal Biocompatibility and Antimicrobial Activity of Silver-Made Nipple Cap”. Journal of Research in Pharmacy 25 (5): 755-62. https://izlik.org/JA57HC58JW.

EndNote

Charehsaz M, Reis R, Sümer E, Orak D, Deniz İ, Sipahi H, Aydın A (July 1, 2025) Assessment of dermal biocompatibility and antimicrobial activity of silver-made nipple cap. Journal of Research in Pharmacy 25 5 755–762.

IEEE

[1]M. Charehsaz et al., “Assessment of dermal biocompatibility and antimicrobial activity of silver-made nipple cap”, J. Res. Pharm., vol. 25, no. 5, pp. 755–762, July 2025, [Online]. Available: https://izlik.org/JA57HC58JW

ISNAD

Charehsaz, Mohammad - Reis, Rengin - Sümer, Engin - Orak, Duygu - Deniz, İnci - Sipahi, Hande - Aydın, Ahmet. “Assessment of Dermal Biocompatibility and Antimicrobial Activity of Silver-Made Nipple Cap”. Journal of Research in Pharmacy 25/5 (July 1, 2025): 755-762. https://izlik.org/JA57HC58JW.

JAMA

1.Charehsaz M, Reis R, Sümer E, Orak D, Deniz İ, Sipahi H, Aydın A. Assessment of dermal biocompatibility and antimicrobial activity of silver-made nipple cap. J. Res. Pharm. 2025;25:755–762.

MLA

Charehsaz, Mohammad, et al. “Assessment of Dermal Biocompatibility and Antimicrobial Activity of Silver-Made Nipple Cap”. Journal of Research in Pharmacy, vol. 25, no. 5, July 2025, pp. 755-62, https://izlik.org/JA57HC58JW.

Vancouver

1.Mohammad Charehsaz, Rengin Reis, Engin Sümer, Duygu Orak, İnci Deniz, Hande Sipahi, Ahmet Aydın. Assessment of dermal biocompatibility and antimicrobial activity of silver-made nipple cap. J. Res. Pharm. [Internet]. 2025 Jul. 1;25(5):755-62. Available from: https://izlik.org/JA57HC58JW