Brain in metabolic syndrome model: The effect of exercises and caloric restriction

Year 2022, Volume: 26 Issue: 5, 1352 - 1362, 28.06.2025

Burcin Alev , Nevin Genç Kahraman , Hazal İpekçi , Ünsal Veli Üstündağ , Tuğba Tunalı-akbay , Ebru Emekli Alturfan , Göksel Şener , Aysen Yarat

Abstract

Caloric restriction (CR) and exercise (EX) have impacts on improving metabolic risk factors. This study
aimed to investigate the changes in the brain after EX and/or CR in metabolic syndrome (MeS) induced by a high
fructose diet in rats. Sprague-Dawley male rats were divided into five groups. Drinking water including 10% fructose
solution was given to rats for 12 weeks to develop a MeS rat model. Animals with MeS were submitted to EX and/or
CR for 6 weeks. Blood glucose, and brain tissue damage and antioxidant parameters were measured. Brain lipid
peroxidation, sialic acid, mucin, fucose levels increased in the MeS group compared to the control (C) group. These
parameters reduced significantly in the metabolic syndrome with caloric restriction (MeS+CR) group, and more
significantly in the metabolic syndrome with exercise and caloric restriction group (MeS+EXCR), compared to the MeS
group. Glutathione levels, superoxide dismutase and catalase activities decreased in the MeS group compared to the C
group, increased both in the MeS+CR group, and MeS+EXCR group compared to the MeS group. High fructose diet
consumption can lead to brain tissue damage and decreased antioxidant levels were found to be improved best in the
MeS+EXCR group.

Keywords

Metabolic syndrome , Brain , Antioxidant , Oxidative stress , Exercise , Caloric restriction

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