Green Modified Graphene Oxide Nanoplatelets as Drug Adsorbents

Kibar Aras; Elif Nur Ulucici; Melisa Öğretici; Aida Talal; Rumeysa Karakuş; Peri Uslu; Sinem Ortaboy Sezer; Yeşim Müge Şahin; Elif Çalışkan Salihi

doi:10.12991/jrespharm.1718624

Green Modified Graphene Oxide Nanoplatelets as Drug Adsorbents

Abstract

Amino acids and vitamins play crucial roles in pharmaceutical applications, serving as excipients and structural components of drug delivery systems due to their biological diversity and functionality. In this study, to improve the efficiency of drug delivery systems, graphene oxide (GO) nanoplatelets were surface-modified using green chemistry principles with different amino acids (ornithine, proline, leucine, tryptophan, glutamic acid) and one vitamin (nicotinic acid—vitamin B3). The modification processes were conducted at 85°C, and the resulting adsorbent were characterized using DLS, FTIR, and SEM techniques. The drug adsorption capacities of the resulting novel adsorbents were investigated and compared with the adsorption capacity of unmodified GO. In the adsorption studies, fluoxetine hydrochloride (FLX), a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI), was chosen as the model drug, and batch adsorption experiments were performed at varying concentrations. The concentrations of fluoxetine hydrochloride were determined at 226 nm using UV–Visible spectrophotometry. According to the findings, GO nanoplatelets demonstrated a high FLX adsorption capacity of 157 mg/g. Materials modified with amino acids exhibited lower adsorption capacities than GO nanosheets. However, GO nanosheets modified with nicotinic acid (vitamin B3) showed excellent adsorption capacity (252 mg/g) compared to pristine GO, highlighting the effectiveness of the modification. These results indicate that surface modification of GO with amino acids and vitamins has a meaningful impact on drug adsorption performance. This study suggests that biomolecule-based modifications could be a promising approach in the design of graphene oxide-based drug delivery systems.

Keywords

References

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Details

Primary Language

English

Subjects

Pharmaceutical Sciences

Journal Section

Research Article

Authors

Kibar Aras
0000-0002-1736-958X
Türkiye

Elif Nur Ulucici
0000-0002-8029-594X
Türkiye

Melisa Öğretici
0009-0003-4141-1009
Türkiye

Aida Talal
Türkiye

Rumeysa Karakuş
Türkiye

Peri Uslu
0009-0009-0755-3883
Türkiye

Sinem Ortaboy Sezer
0000-0003-3152-1637
Türkiye

Yeşim Müge Şahin
Türkiye

Elif Çalışkan Salihi ^*
Türkiye

Publication Date

March 15, 2026

Submission Date

June 14, 2025

Acceptance Date

July 1, 2025

Published in Issue

Year 2026 Volume: 30 Number: 2

DOI

https://doi.org/10.12991/jrespharm.1718624

IZ

https://izlik.org/JA67YB99WS

Cite

RIS / Bibtex

APA

Aras, K., Ulucici, E. N., Öğretici, M., Talal, A., Karakuş, R., Uslu, P., Ortaboy Sezer, S., Şahin, Y. M., & Çalışkan Salihi, E. (2026). Green Modified Graphene Oxide Nanoplatelets as Drug Adsorbents. Journal of Research in Pharmacy, 30(2), 703-715. https://doi.org/10.12991/jrespharm.1718624

AMA

1.Aras K, Ulucici EN, Öğretici M, et al. Green Modified Graphene Oxide Nanoplatelets as Drug Adsorbents. J. Res. Pharm. 2026;30(2):703-715. doi:10.12991/jrespharm.1718624

Chicago

Aras, Kibar, Elif Nur Ulucici, Melisa Öğretici, et al. 2026. “Green Modified Graphene Oxide Nanoplatelets As Drug Adsorbents”. Journal of Research in Pharmacy 30 (2): 703-15. https://doi.org/10.12991/jrespharm.1718624.

EndNote

Aras K, Ulucici EN, Öğretici M, Talal A, Karakuş R, Uslu P, Ortaboy Sezer S, Şahin YM, Çalışkan Salihi E (March 1, 2026) Green Modified Graphene Oxide Nanoplatelets as Drug Adsorbents. Journal of Research in Pharmacy 30 2 703–715.

IEEE

[1]K. Aras et al., “Green Modified Graphene Oxide Nanoplatelets as Drug Adsorbents”, J. Res. Pharm., vol. 30, no. 2, pp. 703–715, Mar. 2026, doi: 10.12991/jrespharm.1718624.

ISNAD

Aras, Kibar - Ulucici, Elif Nur - Öğretici, Melisa - Talal, Aida - Karakuş, Rumeysa - Uslu, Peri - Ortaboy Sezer, Sinem - Şahin, Yeşim Müge - Çalışkan Salihi, Elif. “Green Modified Graphene Oxide Nanoplatelets As Drug Adsorbents”. Journal of Research in Pharmacy 30/2 (March 1, 2026): 703-715. https://doi.org/10.12991/jrespharm.1718624.

JAMA

1.Aras K, Ulucici EN, Öğretici M, Talal A, Karakuş R, Uslu P, Ortaboy Sezer S, Şahin YM, Çalışkan Salihi E. Green Modified Graphene Oxide Nanoplatelets as Drug Adsorbents. J. Res. Pharm. 2026;30:703–715.

MLA

Aras, Kibar, et al. “Green Modified Graphene Oxide Nanoplatelets As Drug Adsorbents”. Journal of Research in Pharmacy, vol. 30, no. 2, Mar. 2026, pp. 703-15, doi:10.12991/jrespharm.1718624.

Vancouver

1.Kibar Aras, Elif Nur Ulucici, Melisa Öğretici, Aida Talal, Rumeysa Karakuş, Peri Uslu, Sinem Ortaboy Sezer, Yeşim Müge Şahin, Elif Çalışkan Salihi. Green Modified Graphene Oxide Nanoplatelets as Drug Adsorbents. J. Res. Pharm. 2026 Mar. 1;30(2):703-15. doi:10.12991/jrespharm.1718624