Research Article

Antioxidant, antiproliferative and antimicrobial activities of three lichens: Ramalina fastigiata, Xanthoria parietina, Aspicilia intermutans

Volume: 30 Number: 2 March 15, 2026
EN

Antioxidant, antiproliferative and antimicrobial activities of three lichens: Ramalina fastigiata, Xanthoria parietina, Aspicilia intermutans

Abstract

In this study, antioxidant, antimicrobial, antiproliferative and, cytotoxic activities of the lichen species Ramalina fastigiata, Xanthoria parietina and Aspicilia intermutans were investigated. It was determined that Aspicilia intermutans contained higher DPPH radical and ABTS cation radical scavenging activity and total phenolic substance than the other species. It was determined that Ramalina fastigiata had the highest iron (III) ion reducing antioxidant capacity. It was exhibited that Ramalina fastigiata showed antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus epidermidis (MIC: 312 μg/mL) and Escherichia coli (MIC: 156 μg/mL) strains. In addition, it was determined that Xanthoria parietina showed significant antiproliferative activity on the HeLa cell line. According to the obtained findings, it was determined that none of the three species showed significant toxicity on non-tumoregenic cells. The fact that none of the three species showed toxicity on healthy cell lines suggests that these species can be used for medical purposes.

Keywords

References

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Details

Primary Language

English

Subjects

Pharmacognosy

Journal Section

Research Article

Publication Date

March 15, 2026

Submission Date

June 13, 2025

Acceptance Date

July 2, 2025

Published in Issue

Year 2026 Volume: 30 Number: 2

APA
Erkan, T., Şenkardeşler, A., Taşkın, T., Bingöl Özakpınar, Ö., Birteksöz Tan, A. S., Zengin, F. B., & Bitiş, L. (2026). Antioxidant, antiproliferative and antimicrobial activities of three lichens: Ramalina fastigiata, Xanthoria parietina, Aspicilia intermutans. Journal of Research in Pharmacy, 30(2), 576-582. https://doi.org/10.12991/jrespharm.1719240
AMA
1.Erkan T, Şenkardeşler A, Taşkın T, et al. Antioxidant, antiproliferative and antimicrobial activities of three lichens: Ramalina fastigiata, Xanthoria parietina, Aspicilia intermutans. J. Res. Pharm. 2026;30(2):576-582. doi:10.12991/jrespharm.1719240
Chicago
Erkan, Tansu, Ayhan Şenkardeşler, Turgut Taşkın, et al. 2026. “Antioxidant, Antiproliferative and Antimicrobial Activities of Three Lichens: Ramalina Fastigiata, Xanthoria Parietina, Aspicilia Intermutans”. Journal of Research in Pharmacy 30 (2): 576-82. https://doi.org/10.12991/jrespharm.1719240.
EndNote
Erkan T, Şenkardeşler A, Taşkın T, Bingöl Özakpınar Ö, Birteksöz Tan AS, Zengin FB, Bitiş L (March 1, 2026) Antioxidant, antiproliferative and antimicrobial activities of three lichens: Ramalina fastigiata, Xanthoria parietina, Aspicilia intermutans. Journal of Research in Pharmacy 30 2 576–582.
IEEE
[1]T. Erkan et al., “Antioxidant, antiproliferative and antimicrobial activities of three lichens: Ramalina fastigiata, Xanthoria parietina, Aspicilia intermutans”, J. Res. Pharm., vol. 30, no. 2, pp. 576–582, Mar. 2026, doi: 10.12991/jrespharm.1719240.
ISNAD
Erkan, Tansu - Şenkardeşler, Ayhan - Taşkın, Turgut - Bingöl Özakpınar, Özlem - Birteksöz Tan, Ayşe Seher - Zengin, Fatma Betül - Bitiş, Leyla. “Antioxidant, Antiproliferative and Antimicrobial Activities of Three Lichens: Ramalina Fastigiata, Xanthoria Parietina, Aspicilia Intermutans”. Journal of Research in Pharmacy 30/2 (March 1, 2026): 576-582. https://doi.org/10.12991/jrespharm.1719240.
JAMA
1.Erkan T, Şenkardeşler A, Taşkın T, Bingöl Özakpınar Ö, Birteksöz Tan AS, Zengin FB, Bitiş L. Antioxidant, antiproliferative and antimicrobial activities of three lichens: Ramalina fastigiata, Xanthoria parietina, Aspicilia intermutans. J. Res. Pharm. 2026;30:576–582.
MLA
Erkan, Tansu, et al. “Antioxidant, Antiproliferative and Antimicrobial Activities of Three Lichens: Ramalina Fastigiata, Xanthoria Parietina, Aspicilia Intermutans”. Journal of Research in Pharmacy, vol. 30, no. 2, Mar. 2026, pp. 576-82, doi:10.12991/jrespharm.1719240.
Vancouver
1.Tansu Erkan, Ayhan Şenkardeşler, Turgut Taşkın, Özlem Bingöl Özakpınar, Ayşe Seher Birteksöz Tan, Fatma Betül Zengin, Leyla Bitiş. Antioxidant, antiproliferative and antimicrobial activities of three lichens: Ramalina fastigiata, Xanthoria parietina, Aspicilia intermutans. J. Res. Pharm. 2026 Mar. 1;30(2):576-82. doi:10.12991/jrespharm.1719240