Evaluation of the properties of powder and orally disintegrating tablet (ODT) ready-to-use excipients using the direct compression method

Marwa Kakah; Mazen Al-mohaya; Burcu Demiralp

doi:10.12991/jrespharm.1762314

Evaluation of the properties of powder and orally disintegrating tablet (ODT) ready-to-use excipients using the direct compression method

Abstract

The study aimed to formulate DFX disintegrating tablets using different types of ready-to-use excipients using the direct compression method and evaluate the powder and tablet properties of the ready-to-use excipients. Ready-to-use excipients, including Parteck® ODT, Kollitab™ DC 87 L, Ludiflash®, Ludipress® LCE, Parteck® M 200, Parteck® SI 150, Parteck® LUB MST were blended with Deferasirox. The blend consisting of eight different formulations was evaluated for powder properties, including angle of repose, bulk density, tapped density, Hausner's ratio, and compressibility index. The produced tablets were evaluated for tablet properties, including weight variation, breaking force, thickness, friability, disintegration test, and dissolution test. According to all the obtained results, none of the prepared formulations could fulfill the requirements needed to be applicable as an individual excipient of ODT. The formulations that could pass all the tests except the dissolution test were formulation (F5) Ludiflash® and formulation (F4) Kollitab™ DC 87 L. Ludiflash® could provide a drug release after 30 minutes of (45.62%) which was more than Kollitab™ DC 87 L which provides (35.32%). These excipients can not be used alone for ODTs. Further study is needed to optimize the formulations.

Keywords

Supporting Institution

The present work was supported by the Istanbul University Scientific Research Projects Coordination Unit

Project Number

39762

References

[1] Nagar P, Singh K, Chauhan I, Verma M, Yasir M, Khan A, et al. Orally disintegrating tablets: formulation, preparation techniques and evaluation. J Appl Pharm Sci. 2011;1(4):35–45.
[2] Hirani JJ, Rathod DA, Vadalia KR. Orally disintegrating tablets: a review. Trop J Pharm Res. 2009;8(2). https://doi.org/10.4314/tjpr.v8i2.44525
[3] Dey P, Maiti S. Orodispersible tablets: A new trend in drug delivery. J Nat Sci Biol Med. 2010;1(1):2. https://doi.org/10.4103/0976-9668.71663
[4] Manivannan R. Oral disintegrating tablets: A future compaction. Drug Invent Today. 2009;1(1):61–5.
[5] Binab KA, Gaurav A, Mandal UK. A review on co-processed excipients: current and future trend of excipient technology. Int J Pharm Pharm Sci. 2019;11(1):1-9.
[6] Olah I, Lasher J, Regdon Jr G, Pintye-Hodi K, Baki G, Sovany T. Evaluating superdisintegrants for their performance in orally disintegrating tablets containing lysozyme enzyme. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol. 2019;49:396–404. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jddst.2018.12.012
[7] Verma BK, Pandey S, Arya P. Tablet granulation: current scenario and recent advances. Universal Journal of Pharmaceutical Research. 2017;2(5):30–5. https://doi.org/10.22270/ujpr.v2i5.rw1
[8] Karumanchi SB. Formulation Development and Evaluation of Deferasirox Dispersible Tablets. Arulmigu Kalasalingam College of Pharmacy, Krishnankoil; 2014.

[9] Stumpf JL. Deferasirox. Am J Heal Pharm. 2007;64(6):606–16. https://doi.org/10.2146/ajhp060405
[10] Shah RB, Tawakkul MA, Khan MA. Comparative evaluation of flow for pharmaceutical powders and granules. Aaps Pharmscitech. 2008;9:250–8. https://doi.org/10.1208/s12249-008-9046-8
[11] Chanda R, Padmalata H, Banerjee J. Formulation and Evaluation of Oral Disintegrating Tablets of Ondansetron Hydrochloride. Research Journal of Pharmaceutical Dosage Forms and Technology. 2019;11(1):53-63.
[12] Adhikari B, Reddy CS, Inturi RN, Sowmya C, Haranath C, Rajesh C, Rahman RU. Formulation and Evaluation of Oro-Dispersible Tablets of Deferasirox with Different Superdisintegrants.
[13] Akdag Y, Gulsun T, Izat N, Cetin M, Oner L, Sahin S. Evaluation of preparation methods for orally disintegrating tablets. Medicine (Baltimore). 2020;9(1):259–63. https://doi.org/10.5455/medscience.2019.08.9167
[14] Neeraj MS, Kumar Hari SL. Oral Dispersible Tablets: A Review. World Journal of Pharmaceutical Research. 2017 Apr 30;6:544-57. https://doi.org/10.20959/wjpr20177-8770
[15] Roshan K, Keerthy HS. Orodispersible tablets: a compendious review. Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical Research and Development. 2021 Jun 15;9(3):66-75. https://doi.org/10.22270/ajprd.v9i3.947
[16] Prajapati BG, Patel B. Formulation, evaluation and optimization of orally disintegrating tablet of piroxicam. Int J Pharm Tech Res. 2010;2(3):1893–9.
[17] Aziz M, Salahuddin M, Ghulam M, Abdul R. Formulation and in-vitro evaluation of deferasirox oro-dispersible tablets. Int J Pharm Pharm Sci. 2014;6:203-9.
[18] Alghananim A, Özalp Y, Mesut B, Serakinci N, Özsoy Y, Güngör S. A solid ultra fine self-nanoemulsifying drug delivery system (S-snedds) of deferasirox for improved solubility: Optimization, characterization, and in vitro cytotoxicity studies. Pharmaceuticals. 2020;13(8):1–25. https://doi.org/10.3390/ph13080162
[19] Kokott M, Lura A, Breitkreutz J, Wiedey R. Evaluation of two novel co-processed excipients for direct compression of orodispersible tablets and mini-tablets. European Journal of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics. 2021 Nov 1;168:122-30. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejpb.2021.08.016
[20] Tranová T, Loskot J, Navrátil O, Brniak W, Mužíková J. Effect of co-processed excipient type on properties of orodispersible tablets containing captopril, tramadol, and domperidone. Int J Pharm. 2023;636:122838. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpharm.2023.122838
[21] Tranová T, Macho O, Loskot J, Mužíková J. Study of rheological and tableting properties of lubricated mixtures of co-processed dry binders for orally disintegrating tablets. Eur J Pharm Sci. 2022;168(October 2021). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejps.2021.106035
[22] Ghourichay MP, Kiaie SH, Nokhodchi A, Javadzadeh Y. Formulation and quality control of orally disintegrating tablets (ODTs): recent advances and perspectives. Biomed Res Int. 2021;2021:1–12. https://doi.org/10.1155/2021/6618934
[23] Juvonen H, Antikainen O, Lemmens M, Ehlers H, Juppo A. The effect of relative humidity and formulation variables on chewable xylitol-sorbitol tablets. Int J Pharm. 2021;601:120573. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpharm.2021.120573
[24] Akdag Y, Gulsun T, Izat N, Cetin M, Oner L, Sahin S. Characterization and comparison of deferasirox fast disintegrating tablets prepared by direct compression and lyophilization methods. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol. 2020;57:101760. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jddst.2020.101760
[25] Shi C, Zhao H, Fang Y, Shen L, Zhao L. Lactose in tablets: Functionality, critical material attributes, applications, modifications and co-processed excipients. Drug discovery today. 2023 Sep 1;28(9):103696. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.drudis.2023.103696
[26] Patel SS, Patel MS, Patel NM. Flowability testing of directly compressible excipients according to british pharmacopoeia. Journal of Pharmaceutical Research. 2009 Apr;8(2):66-9. https://doi.org/10.18579/jpcrkc/2009/8/2/79756
[27] Lura A, Luhn O, Gonzales JS, Breitkreutz J. New orodispersible mini-tablets for paediatric use–A comparison of isomalt with a mannitol based co-processed excipient. International journal of pharmaceutics. 2019 Dec 15;572:118804. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpharm.2019.118804
[28] Amelian A, Winnicka K. Effect of the type of disintegrant on the characteristics of orally disintegrating tablets manufactured using new ready-to-use excipients (Ludiflash® or Parteck®) by direct compression method. African Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology. 2012 Aug 22;6(31):2359-67. https://doi.org/10.5897/ajpp12.459
[29] Mareczek L, Riehl C, Harms M, Reichl S. Understanding the multidimensional effects of polymorphism, particle size and processing for d-mannitol powders. Pharmaceutics. 2022 Oct 7;14(10):2128. https://doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics14102128
[30] Beretta M, Hörmann TR, Hainz P, Hsiao WK, Paudel A. Investigation into powder tribo–charging of pharmaceuticals. Part II: Sensitivity to relative humidity. Int J Pharm. 2020;591:120015. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpharm.2020.120015
[31] Güncan G, Yeğen G, Mesut B, Aksu B, Özsoy Y. Formulation design of the oral disintegrating tablets including alfuzosin hydrochloride with risk evaluation via quality by design. Acta Pharmaceutica Sciencia. 2017;55(2). https://doi.org/10.23893/1307-2080.aps.05512
[32] Coetzee R, Hamman J, Steenekamp J, Hamman H. The Functional Attributes of Co-Processed Excipients in Direct Compression. Pharmaceutical Development and Technology. 2025 Nov 5(just-accepted):1-32. https://doi.org/10.1080/10837450.2025.2584127

Details

Primary Language

English

Subjects

Pharmaceutical Delivery Technologies

Journal Section

Research Article

Authors

Marwa Kakah
0009-0001-4997-8048
Türkiye

Mazen Al-mohaya ^*
0000-0003-4176-0308
Türkiye

Burcu Demiralp
0000-0003-2838-1688
Türkiye

Publication Date

May 11, 2026

Submission Date

August 11, 2025

Acceptance Date

November 17, 2025

Published in Issue

Year 2026 Volume: 30 Number: 3

DOI

https://doi.org/10.12991/jrespharm.1762314

IZ

https://izlik.org/JA87DA93DE

Cite

RIS / Bibtex

APA

Kakah, M., Al-mohaya, M., & Demiralp, B. (2026). Evaluation of the properties of powder and orally disintegrating tablet (ODT) ready-to-use excipients using the direct compression method. Journal of Research in Pharmacy, 30(3), 843-852. https://doi.org/10.12991/jrespharm.1762314

AMA

1.Kakah M, Al-mohaya M, Demiralp B. Evaluation of the properties of powder and orally disintegrating tablet (ODT) ready-to-use excipients using the direct compression method. J. Res. Pharm. 2026;30(3):843-852. doi:10.12991/jrespharm.1762314

Chicago

Kakah, Marwa, Mazen Al-mohaya, and Burcu Demiralp. 2026. “Evaluation of the Properties of Powder and Orally Disintegrating Tablet (ODT) Ready-to-Use Excipients Using the Direct Compression Method”. Journal of Research in Pharmacy 30 (3): 843-52. https://doi.org/10.12991/jrespharm.1762314.

EndNote

Kakah M, Al-mohaya M, Demiralp B (May 1, 2026) Evaluation of the properties of powder and orally disintegrating tablet (ODT) ready-to-use excipients using the direct compression method. Journal of Research in Pharmacy 30 3 843–852.

IEEE

[1]M. Kakah, M. Al-mohaya, and B. Demiralp, “Evaluation of the properties of powder and orally disintegrating tablet (ODT) ready-to-use excipients using the direct compression method”, J. Res. Pharm., vol. 30, no. 3, pp. 843–852, May 2026, doi: 10.12991/jrespharm.1762314.

ISNAD

Kakah, Marwa - Al-mohaya, Mazen - Demiralp, Burcu. “Evaluation of the Properties of Powder and Orally Disintegrating Tablet (ODT) Ready-to-Use Excipients Using the Direct Compression Method”. Journal of Research in Pharmacy 30/3 (May 1, 2026): 843-852. https://doi.org/10.12991/jrespharm.1762314.

JAMA

1.Kakah M, Al-mohaya M, Demiralp B. Evaluation of the properties of powder and orally disintegrating tablet (ODT) ready-to-use excipients using the direct compression method. J. Res. Pharm. 2026;30:843–852.

MLA

Kakah, Marwa, et al. “Evaluation of the Properties of Powder and Orally Disintegrating Tablet (ODT) Ready-to-Use Excipients Using the Direct Compression Method”. Journal of Research in Pharmacy, vol. 30, no. 3, May 2026, pp. 843-52, doi:10.12991/jrespharm.1762314.

Vancouver

1.Marwa Kakah, Mazen Al-mohaya, Burcu Demiralp. Evaluation of the properties of powder and orally disintegrating tablet (ODT) ready-to-use excipients using the direct compression method. J. Res. Pharm. 2026 May 1;30(3):843-52. doi:10.12991/jrespharm.1762314