In silico study, synthesis, and in vitro cytotoxic activity of novel 2-mercaptobenzimidazole derivatives

Shams A. Nadhum; Mohammed Hassan Mohammed

doi:10.12991/jrespharm.1797989

In silico study, synthesis, and in vitro cytotoxic activity of novel 2-mercaptobenzimidazole derivatives

Abstract

Based on the benzimidazole molecule, two new series of 2-mercaptobenzimidazole derivatives contain different substitutions one at the mercapto (SH) group (different amines) and the second at N1 of the benzimidzole ring (different phenyl moiety) were synthesized in this research. The structures of the synthesized compounds were verified utilizing mass spectroscopy, fundamental analysis data, 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, and FT-IR spectroscopic methods. The cytotoxicity efficacy of the target drugs were assessed using MTT assays and their interactions with the target enzymes of the human oestrogen and the epidermal growth factor receptors were predicted using molecular docking. Compound 6C demonstrated a very good cytotoxicity result against MCF-7 cancer cells with an IC50 of 62.20 µM, which is comparable to the standard 4-hydroxytamoxifen, which has an IC50 of 70.27 µM. Compound 2C demonstrated very good effects against A549 cancer cells, which has an IC50 of 72.28 µM, which is comparable to the standard gefitinib, which has an IC50 of 75.10 µM, and the docking results show compound 2C has an energy of binding of -7.26 Kcal/mol, which is comparable to the standard gefitinib, which has an energy of -7.69 Kcal/mol, while compound 2C and 3C have energy of -9.23,-8.94 Kcal/mol, respectively, which is comparable to the standard 4-hydroxytamoxifen, which has a binding energy of -9.11 Kcal/mol. Also, computational programmes were used to determine the compounds' drug-like properties, showing that all derivatives had good results. These findings propose that these inhibitors may be helpful in the progression of new anticancer medications in the future.

Keywords

References

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Details

Primary Language

English

Subjects

Pharmaceutical Chemistry

Journal Section

Research Article

Authors

Shams A. Nadhum This is me
0000-0003-2745-6625
Iraq

Mohammed Hassan Mohammed ^*
0000-0002-3762-4189
Iraq

Publication Date

November 2, 2025

Submission Date

February 1, 2024

Acceptance Date

June 5, 2025

Published in Issue

Year 2025 Volume: 29 Number: 6

DOI

https://doi.org/10.12991/jrespharm.1797989

IZ

https://izlik.org/JA93TL54JK

Cite

RIS / Bibtex

APA

Nadhum, S. A., & Mohammed, M. H. (2025). In silico study, synthesis, and in vitro cytotoxic activity of novel 2-mercaptobenzimidazole derivatives. Journal of Research in Pharmacy, 29(6), 2402-2418. https://doi.org/10.12991/jrespharm.1797989

AMA

1.Nadhum SA, Mohammed MH. In silico study, synthesis, and in vitro cytotoxic activity of novel 2-mercaptobenzimidazole derivatives. J. Res. Pharm. 2025;29(6):2402-2418. doi:10.12991/jrespharm.1797989

Chicago

Nadhum, Shams A., and Mohammed Hassan Mohammed. 2025. “In Silico Study, Synthesis, and in Vitro Cytotoxic Activity of Novel 2-Mercaptobenzimidazole Derivatives”. Journal of Research in Pharmacy 29 (6): 2402-18. https://doi.org/10.12991/jrespharm.1797989.

EndNote

Nadhum SA, Mohammed MH (November 1, 2025) In silico study, synthesis, and in vitro cytotoxic activity of novel 2-mercaptobenzimidazole derivatives. Journal of Research in Pharmacy 29 6 2402–2418.

IEEE

[1]S. A. Nadhum and M. H. Mohammed, “In silico study, synthesis, and in vitro cytotoxic activity of novel 2-mercaptobenzimidazole derivatives”, J. Res. Pharm., vol. 29, no. 6, pp. 2402–2418, Nov. 2025, doi: 10.12991/jrespharm.1797989.

ISNAD

Nadhum, Shams A. - Mohammed, Mohammed Hassan. “In Silico Study, Synthesis, and in Vitro Cytotoxic Activity of Novel 2-Mercaptobenzimidazole Derivatives”. Journal of Research in Pharmacy 29/6 (November 1, 2025): 2402-2418. https://doi.org/10.12991/jrespharm.1797989.

JAMA

1.Nadhum SA, Mohammed MH. In silico study, synthesis, and in vitro cytotoxic activity of novel 2-mercaptobenzimidazole derivatives. J. Res. Pharm. 2025;29:2402–2418.

MLA

Nadhum, Shams A., and Mohammed Hassan Mohammed. “In Silico Study, Synthesis, and in Vitro Cytotoxic Activity of Novel 2-Mercaptobenzimidazole Derivatives”. Journal of Research in Pharmacy, vol. 29, no. 6, Nov. 2025, pp. 2402-18, doi:10.12991/jrespharm.1797989.

Vancouver

1.Shams A. Nadhum, Mohammed Hassan Mohammed. In silico study, synthesis, and in vitro cytotoxic activity of novel 2-mercaptobenzimidazole derivatives. J. Res. Pharm. 2025 Nov. 1;29(6):2402-18. doi:10.12991/jrespharm.1797989