Apoptosis and cell cycle regulatory of voacangine ısolated from Voacanga foetida (Blume) Rolfe on MCF7 breast cancer cells: In silico and in vitro studies

Adriani Susanty; Ihsan Ikhtiarudin; Mira Febrina; Haiyul Fadhlı; Rahayu Utami; Nurdina Putri; Ikhsal Mukri Jumadila; Fatma Sri Wahyuni; Dachriyanus Hamidi

doi:10.12991/jrespharm.1798462

Apoptosis and cell cycle regulatory of voacangine ısolated from Voacanga foetida (Blume) Rolfe on MCF7 breast cancer cells: In silico and in vitro studies

Abstract

Voacangine is a mono-indole alkaloid reported to have cytotoxic activity against several cancer cells. This study aimed to explore the ability of voacangine to induce apoptosis and cell cycle arrest on MCF7 through in silico and in vitro studies. The in silico studies were performed through DFT analysis, molecular docking, pharmacokinetic profiling, and toxicity risk prediction. The in vitro apoptosis and cell cycle arrest studies were performed through the flow cytometry Annexin V-FITC/PI. The docking results showed that the apoptosis induction of voacangine was produced mainly through interactions with AKT and PARP, and also interacts with p53, Fas-L, Caspase-8, Cytochrome- C, Caspase-9, and Caspase-3. Voacangine also exhibited the potency for cell cycle arrest mainly through interaction with CDK-2 and CDK-4 and interacts with p53, p21, Cyclin-D, and Cyclin-T. Voacangine exhibited more negative binding free energy than doxorubicin when docked to AKT, PARP, CDK-2, and CDK-4 and its binding energies were close to doxorubicin when docked to other proteins. In addition, voacangine also exhibited considerable pharmacokinetic profiles and toxicity risk as a drug candidate. The in silico studies predicted that voacangine has dual pathways through apoptosis induction via the AKT pathway and cell cycle inhibition, mainly in the G1/S phase. The results of in vitro evaluation are in line with the results of in silico studies that voacangine exhibited the highest total percentage of apoptosis induction (56.8%) and cell cycle arrest dominantly in the G1/S phase. In comparison, doxorubicin only showed apoptosis induction (21.2%) and different pathways on cell cycle arrest (G2/M phase).

Keywords

References

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Details

Primary Language

English

Subjects

Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences (Other)

Journal Section

Research Article

Authors

Adriani Susanty ^* This is me
0000-0001-9602-1508
Indonesia

Ihsan Ikhtiarudin
0000-0002-8346-3830
Indonesia

Mira Febrina This is me
0009-0005-0722-3535
Indonesia

Haiyul Fadhlı
0000-0002-3451-7601
Indonesia

Rahayu Utami This is me
0000-0001-6554-3987
Indonesia

Nurdina Putri This is me
0009-0008-4942-8231
Indonesia

Ikhsal Mukri Jumadila This is me
0009-0005-4440-8440
Indonesia

Fatma Sri Wahyuni This is me
0000-0002-2026-4156
Indonesia

Dachriyanus Hamidi
0000-0002-1857-9001
Indonesia

Publication Date

November 2, 2025

Submission Date

September 18, 2024

Acceptance Date

December 14, 2024

Published in Issue

Year 2025 Volume: 29 Number: 6

DOI

https://doi.org/10.12991/jrespharm.1798462

IZ

https://izlik.org/JA56PE83UZ

Cite

RIS / Bibtex

APA

Susanty, A., Ikhtiarudin, I., Febrina, M., Fadhlı, H., Utami, R., Putri, N., Jumadila, I. M., Wahyuni, F. S., & Hamidi, D. (2025). Apoptosis and cell cycle regulatory of voacangine ısolated from Voacanga foetida (Blume) Rolfe on MCF7 breast cancer cells: In silico and in vitro studies. Journal of Research in Pharmacy, 29(6), 2643-2669. https://doi.org/10.12991/jrespharm.1798462

AMA

1.Susanty A, Ikhtiarudin I, Febrina M, et al. Apoptosis and cell cycle regulatory of voacangine ısolated from Voacanga foetida (Blume) Rolfe on MCF7 breast cancer cells: In silico and in vitro studies. J. Res. Pharm. 2025;29(6):2643-2669. doi:10.12991/jrespharm.1798462

Chicago

Susanty, Adriani, Ihsan Ikhtiarudin, Mira Febrina, et al. 2025. “Apoptosis and Cell Cycle Regulatory of Voacangine ısolated from Voacanga Foetida (Blume) Rolfe on MCF7 Breast Cancer Cells: In Silico and in Vitro Studies”. Journal of Research in Pharmacy 29 (6): 2643-69. https://doi.org/10.12991/jrespharm.1798462.

EndNote

Susanty A, Ikhtiarudin I, Febrina M, Fadhlı H, Utami R, Putri N, Jumadila IM, Wahyuni FS, Hamidi D (November 1, 2025) Apoptosis and cell cycle regulatory of voacangine ısolated from Voacanga foetida (Blume) Rolfe on MCF7 breast cancer cells: In silico and in vitro studies. Journal of Research in Pharmacy 29 6 2643–2669.

IEEE

[1]A. Susanty et al., “Apoptosis and cell cycle regulatory of voacangine ısolated from Voacanga foetida (Blume) Rolfe on MCF7 breast cancer cells: In silico and in vitro studies”, J. Res. Pharm., vol. 29, no. 6, pp. 2643–2669, Nov. 2025, doi: 10.12991/jrespharm.1798462.

ISNAD

Susanty, Adriani - Ikhtiarudin, Ihsan - Febrina, Mira - Fadhlı, Haiyul - Utami, Rahayu - Putri, Nurdina - Jumadila, Ikhsal Mukri - Wahyuni, Fatma Sri - Hamidi, Dachriyanus. “Apoptosis and Cell Cycle Regulatory of Voacangine ısolated from Voacanga Foetida (Blume) Rolfe on MCF7 Breast Cancer Cells: In Silico and in Vitro Studies”. Journal of Research in Pharmacy 29/6 (November 1, 2025): 2643-2669. https://doi.org/10.12991/jrespharm.1798462.

JAMA

1.Susanty A, Ikhtiarudin I, Febrina M, Fadhlı H, Utami R, Putri N, Jumadila IM, Wahyuni FS, Hamidi D. Apoptosis and cell cycle regulatory of voacangine ısolated from Voacanga foetida (Blume) Rolfe on MCF7 breast cancer cells: In silico and in vitro studies. J. Res. Pharm. 2025;29:2643–2669.

MLA

Susanty, Adriani, et al. “Apoptosis and Cell Cycle Regulatory of Voacangine ısolated from Voacanga Foetida (Blume) Rolfe on MCF7 Breast Cancer Cells: In Silico and in Vitro Studies”. Journal of Research in Pharmacy, vol. 29, no. 6, Nov. 2025, pp. 2643-69, doi:10.12991/jrespharm.1798462.

Vancouver

1.Adriani Susanty, Ihsan Ikhtiarudin, Mira Febrina, Haiyul Fadhlı, Rahayu Utami, Nurdina Putri, Ikhsal Mukri Jumadila, Fatma Sri Wahyuni, Dachriyanus Hamidi. Apoptosis and cell cycle regulatory of voacangine ısolated from Voacanga foetida (Blume) Rolfe on MCF7 breast cancer cells: In silico and in vitro studies. J. Res. Pharm. 2025 Nov. 1;29(6):2643-69. doi:10.12991/jrespharm.1798462