The effect of D-galactose on inflammaging markers, appendicular muscle mass, fat-to-muscle ratio, and physical endurance to accelerate aging in mice

Year 2025, Volume: 29 Issue: 2, 713 - 721, 08.04.2025

Fatna Andika Wati Fatichati Budiningsih Dedy Tri Wijaya Arifin Arifin R. Satriyo Budhi Susilo

https://doi.org/10.12991/jrespharm.1664941

Abstract

D-galactose-induced aging is an effective accelerated aging method, but the doses used in various reports have been shown to vary. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the effect of varying doses of D-galactose on inflammaging markers (MDA, TNF-α, IL-6, and TGF-β), appendicular muscle mass, fat-to-muscle ratio (FMR), and physical endurance in mice. The sample population comprised 21 male mice aged 8 weeks (20–30 grams), which were divided into 3 groups (7 rats each). The control group (C) was monitored for 8 weeks, the T1 group received D-galactose at 100 mg/kg/day, and the T2 group was given D-galactose at 150 mg/kg/day for 8 weeks. Measurements of MDA, TNF-α, IL-6, TGF-β levels, appendicular muscle mass, FMR, and physical endurance were carried out at the end of week 8. The results showed that each treatment group showed a significant difference in MDA, TNF-α, IL-6, and TGF-β levels (p-value <0.05). In terms of appendicular muscle mass and FMR, C and T1 as well as T1 and T2 did not show a significant difference (p value> 0.05), while C and T2 had a significant variation (p-value <0.05). Based on the findings, there were significant differences in physical endurance between C and T1 as well as C and T2 (p value <0.05), while T1 and T2 did not show a significant variation (p value> 0.05). In addition, D-galactose 100 mg/kgBW/day and 150 mg/kgBW/day could increase the inflammaging markers significantly. A dose of 150 mg/kgBW/day was reported to have the potential to decrease appendicular muscle mass and FMR significantly compared to 100 mg/kgBW/day. The results also revealed that doses of 100 and 150 mg/kgBW/day had equally significant reductions in physical endurance.

Keywords

Aging, D-galactose, Frailty, Inflammaging

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