Research Article
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Evaluation of the Effect of Buparvaquone Used in the Treatment of Neonatal Calves Naturally Infected with Cryptosporidium Spp. on Renal and Hepatic Functions

Year 2023, , 118 - 123, 31.12.2023
https://doi.org/10.30782/jrvm.1358532

Abstract

Cryptosporidium parvum is a zoonotic protozoan that causes neonatal calf diarrhea common in the world. Buparvaquone, which is known to
have very positive effects on oocysts, which are the main reserve in the spread of infection, has not yet been investigated for its hemato-biochemical
aspect in calves with cryptosporidiosis. In the present study, the effect of buparvaquone on renal and hepatic functions in naturally
infected newborn calves with cryptosporidiosis was investigated. A group was formed for this study using only a total of ten calves (n=10)
naturally infected with cryptosporidiosis. Buparvaquone 2.5 mg/kg intramuscular injection was administered as a single dose to all calves in
the group. Laboratory analyses and statistical calculations of blood and serum samples taken on the specified days were made. According to
the results we obtained in the study, it was observed that the renal and hepatic effects of the drug after a single dose injection of buparvaquone
to calves with neonatal cryptosporidiosis remained within normal limits, similar to the methods safely applied in the treatment of cryptosporidiosis
in the field.

Ethical Statement

I state that the study titled “Evaluation of the effect of buparvaquone used in the treatment of neonatal calves naturally infected with cryptosporidiosis on renal and hepatic functions” was prepared in accordance with scientific ethical rules in all processes from the research phase to its conclusion and that the works I have used consist of those shown in the resources section, and I declare.

References

  • 1. Ayan A, Kilinc OO, Khan JM, Yilmaz AB, Karakus AS, Bia MM, Lee D. Molecular characterization of tetratrichomonas gallinarum in domestic turkeys (Meleagris Gallopavo) in van province, Turkiye. International Journal of Ecosystems and Ecology Science 2020;10(2), 285– 292.
  • 2. Khan SM, and Witola WH. Past, current, and potential treatments for cryptosporidiosis in humans and farm animals: A comprehensive review. Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology 2023;13,21.
  • 3. Pumipuntu N, and Piratae S. Cryptosporidiosis: A zoonotic disease concern. Veterinary World 2018;11(5),681–686.
  • 4. Zahedi A, and Ryan U. Cryptosporidium- an update with an emphasis on foodborne and waterborne transmission. Res. Vet. Sci. 2020;132,500–512.
  • 5. Wells B, Shaw H, Hotchkiss E, Gilray J, Ayton R, Green J, Innes E. Prevalence, species identification and genotyping Cryptosporidium from livestock and deer in a catchment in the Cairngorms with a history of a contaminated public water supply. Parasites and Vectors 2015;8(1),1–13.
  • 6. Wells B, Paton C, Bacchetti R, Shaw H, Stewart W, Plowman J, Innes EA. Cryptosporidium prevalence in calves and geese co-grazing on four livestock farms surrounding two reservoirs supplying public water to mainland orkney, Scotland. Microorganisms 2019;7(11).
  • 7. Xiao L. Molecular epidemiology of cryptosporidiosis: An update. Experimental Parasitology 2010;124(1), 80–89.
  • 8. Evci FZ and Senturk S. Fluid therapy in small ruminants. Sen I, (ed). Fluid and electrolyte therapy in farm animals. 1st ed. Ankara: Turkiye Clinics 2021;39-44.
  • 9. Santin M. Cryptosporidium and Giardia in ruminants. Veterinary Clinics of North America: Food Animal Practice 2020;36(1),223-238.
  • 10. Khan NU, Usman T, Sarwar MS, Ali H, Gohar A, Asif M, Wanapat M. The prevalence, risk factors analysis and evaluation of two diagnostic techniques for the detection of Cryptosporidium infection in diarrheic sheep from Pakistan. Plos one 2022;17(7),2–11.
  • 11. Monteiro LM, Löbenberg R, Barbosa EJ, de Araujo GLB, Sato PK, Kanashiro E, Bou-Chacra NA. Oral Güney & Şentürk 2023 122 administration of buparvaquone nanostructured lipid carrier enables in vivo activity against leishmania infantum. European Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 2022;169.
  • 12. Senturk S. Case Controversial Internal Diseases of Calves Extended 4th Edition, Studio Star Ajans Tic. Singing. Ltd. Sti, Bursa 2019;228-357.
  • 13. Li N, Wang R, Cai M, Jiang W, Feng Y, Xiao L. Outbreak of cryptosporidiosis due to Cryptosporidium parvum subtype IIdA19G1 in neonatal calves on a dairy farm in China. International Journal for Parasitology 2019;49(7),569–577.
  • 14. Aboelsoued D, and Abdel Megeed KN. Diagnosis and control of cryptosporidiosis in farm animals. Journal of Parasitic Diseases 2022;46(4),1133–1146.
  • 15. Gonzalez-Astudillo V, Sheley MF, Uzal FA, and Navarro MA. Pathology of cryptosporidiosis in raccoons: case series and retrospective analysis, 1990–2019. Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation 2021.
  • 16. Jacobson C, Al-Habsi K, Ryan U, Williams A, Anderson F, Yang R, Miller D. Cryptosporidium infection is associated with reduced growth and diarrhoea in goats beyond weaning. Veterinary Parasitology 2018;260,30–37.
  • 17. Trotz-Williams LA, Jarvie BD, Peregrine AS, Duffield TF, Leslie KE. Papers: Efficacy of halofuginone lactate in the prevention of cryptosporidiosis in dairy calves. Veterinary Record 2011;168(19),509.
  • 18. Witto SG, Kankya C, Akurut G, Mugasa CM, Kazibwe A, Ochwo S. The prevalence and genetic characterisation of Cryptosporidium isolates from cattle in Kiruhura district, South Western Uganda. Journal of Parasitic Diseases 2021;45,778-789.
  • 19. Knowles TG, Edwards JE, Bazeley KJ, Brown SN, Butterworth A, Warriss PD. Changes in the blood biochemical and haematological profile of neonatal calves with age. Veterinary Record 2000;147(21), 593-598.
  • 20. Mohri M, Sharifi K, Eidi S. Hematology and serum biochemistry of Holstein dairy calves: age related changes and comparison with blood composition in adults. Research in veterinary science 2007;83(1), 30-39
  • 21. Hacılarlıoglu S, Bilgic HB, Bakırcı S, Tait A, Weir W,Shiels B, Karagenc T. Selection of genotypes harbouring mutations in the cytochrome b gene of Theileriaannulata is associated with resistance to buparvaquone.Plos one, 2023;18(1),e0279925.
  • 22. Coombs GH, Chappell LH, Croft SL (Eds.). Molecularbasis of drug design and resistance (Vol. 114). S3. 1sted.1997.
  • 23. Alidadi N, Dezfouli MRM, Rahbari S, Ali AM, NouriM, Bahonar A, Bulurchia M. Effect of buparvaquone on Cryptosporidium parvum oocysts shedding in calf. Asian Journal of Animal and Veterinary Advances 2008;3(4),275-277.
  • 24. Evci FZ and Şentürk, S. Comparison of the effects of buparvaquone and paromomycin on oocyst excretion and clinical parameters in diarrheal calves naturally infected with cryptosporidiosis. Journal of the Hellenic Veterinary Medical Society 2022;73(4),4779-4784.
  • 25. Gebru T, Hailu A, Kremsner PG, Kun JFJ, Grobusch MP. Molecular surveillance of mutations in the cytochrome b gene of Plasmodium falciparum in Gabon and Ethiopia. Malaria Journal 2006;5,1–5.
  • 26. Sherman IW. A brief history of malaria and discovery of the parasite's life cycle. Malaria: parasite biology, pathogenesis, and protection, 1998;1,3.
  • 27. Rufener R, Dick L, D’Ascoli L, Ritler D, Hizem A, Wells TNC, Lundström-Stadelmann B. Repurposing of an old drug: In vitro and in vivo efficacies of buparvaquone against Echinococcus multilocularis. International Journal for Parasitology: Drugs and Drug Resistance 2018;8(3), 440– 450.
  • 28. Mehlhorn H, eds. Encyclopedia of Parasitology, 3rd Edition. Newyork: Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2008;389-392.
  • 29. Croft SL, Hogg J, Gutteridge WE, Hudson AT, Randall AW. The activity of hydroxynaphthoquinones against leishmania donovani. Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy 1992;30(6),827–832.
  • 30. Vexenat JA, Croft SL, Furtado Campos JH, Miles MA. Failure of buparvaquone (Butalex) in the treatment of canine visceral leishmaniosis. Veterinary Parasitology 1998;77(1),71–73.
  • 31. Saleh N, Allam T, Nayel M, Ahmed R, Elkhatam A. Hematological, Serum Biochemical and Parasitological investigation of calf diarrhea. Journal of Current Veterinary Research, 2022;4(1),58-68.
  • 32. Neamat-Allah AF. Haemato-biochemical alteration in water buffaloes clinically infected with bovine theileriosis before and after treatment by buparvaquone. Bull. Uni. Agric. Sci. Vet. Med. 2016;73(1):76-82.
  • 33. Senturk S. Which laboratory parameters should be checked in which clinical findings in cattle? Extended 3rd ed. Kutlu Avcı Offset Form Printing Re. Trade Ltd. Sti., Antalya, 97.2022.
  • 34. Mullakaev O, Zalaylov I, Kirillov E, Konstantinova I, Bulatova E. Morphological parameters of blood of calves with cryptosporidiosis after applying different treatment regimens.2020.
  • 35. Klinkon M, and Ježek J. Values of blood variables in calves. A Bird's-Eye View of Veterinary Medicine, 1. Güney & Şentürk 2023
  • 36. Kachhawa JP, Kumar S, Sharma A, Singh AP, Ahuja A. Studies on alterations of clinical and hemato-biochemical parameters before and after treatment in calves naturally infected with theileriosis. Veterinary world 2016;9(12), 1381. 37. Panousis N, Siachos N, Kitkas G, Kalaitzakis E, Kritsepi- Konstantinou M, Valergakis GE. Hematology reference intervals for neonatal Holstein calves. Research in veterinary science 2018;118,1-10.
  • 38. Piccione G, Casella S, Pennisi P, Giannetto C, Costa A, Caola G. Monitoring of physiological and blood parameters during perinatal and neonatal period in calves. Arquivo Brasileiro de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia 2010;62,1-12.
  • 39. Kraft W, Durr U. Clinical laboratory diagnostic in veterinary medicine (in Czech). Hajko and Hajková, Bratislava 365 p. 2019.
  • 40. Aydogdu U, Isik N, Ekici OD, Yildiz R, Sen I, Coskun A. Comparison of the effectiveness of halofuginone lactate and paromomycin in the treatment of calves naturally Infected with cryptosporidium parvum. Acta Scientiae Veterinariae 2018;46(1).
  • 41. Morsy SA, Shams EA, Abdelaziz SA, Nahla SE. Determination of Buparvaquone Residues in Rabbit Tissues Using Hplc and its Effect on Different Liver and Kidney Functions. Journal of Animal Health and Production 2021;9(s1),76–79.
  • 42. Guney FZ. Evaluation of the efficacy of buparvaquone on clinical and blood parameters in calves with cryptosporidiosis. Unpublished doctoral thesis. Bursa, Turkiye Thesis No: 10520842. 2023.
  • 43. Turgut K. Liver disease tests. Veterinary Clinical Laboratory Diagnosis, Bahçıvanlar Publishing House, Konya, Turkiye 2000;202-257.
  • 44. Senturk, S. Practical Laboratory for Cattle Extended 2nd edition, Dora Printing-Publishing Distribution Co.Ltd. Bursa 2017;2-8,274
  • 45. Ježek J. The dynamics of serum immunoglobulin concentrations and hematological and biochemical parameters in the period to the age of 24 weeks in differently reared calves, Univerza v Ljubljani, Veterinarska fakulteta, Ljubljana, Slovenija p.172. 2007.
Year 2023, , 118 - 123, 31.12.2023
https://doi.org/10.30782/jrvm.1358532

Abstract

References

  • 1. Ayan A, Kilinc OO, Khan JM, Yilmaz AB, Karakus AS, Bia MM, Lee D. Molecular characterization of tetratrichomonas gallinarum in domestic turkeys (Meleagris Gallopavo) in van province, Turkiye. International Journal of Ecosystems and Ecology Science 2020;10(2), 285– 292.
  • 2. Khan SM, and Witola WH. Past, current, and potential treatments for cryptosporidiosis in humans and farm animals: A comprehensive review. Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology 2023;13,21.
  • 3. Pumipuntu N, and Piratae S. Cryptosporidiosis: A zoonotic disease concern. Veterinary World 2018;11(5),681–686.
  • 4. Zahedi A, and Ryan U. Cryptosporidium- an update with an emphasis on foodborne and waterborne transmission. Res. Vet. Sci. 2020;132,500–512.
  • 5. Wells B, Shaw H, Hotchkiss E, Gilray J, Ayton R, Green J, Innes E. Prevalence, species identification and genotyping Cryptosporidium from livestock and deer in a catchment in the Cairngorms with a history of a contaminated public water supply. Parasites and Vectors 2015;8(1),1–13.
  • 6. Wells B, Paton C, Bacchetti R, Shaw H, Stewart W, Plowman J, Innes EA. Cryptosporidium prevalence in calves and geese co-grazing on four livestock farms surrounding two reservoirs supplying public water to mainland orkney, Scotland. Microorganisms 2019;7(11).
  • 7. Xiao L. Molecular epidemiology of cryptosporidiosis: An update. Experimental Parasitology 2010;124(1), 80–89.
  • 8. Evci FZ and Senturk S. Fluid therapy in small ruminants. Sen I, (ed). Fluid and electrolyte therapy in farm animals. 1st ed. Ankara: Turkiye Clinics 2021;39-44.
  • 9. Santin M. Cryptosporidium and Giardia in ruminants. Veterinary Clinics of North America: Food Animal Practice 2020;36(1),223-238.
  • 10. Khan NU, Usman T, Sarwar MS, Ali H, Gohar A, Asif M, Wanapat M. The prevalence, risk factors analysis and evaluation of two diagnostic techniques for the detection of Cryptosporidium infection in diarrheic sheep from Pakistan. Plos one 2022;17(7),2–11.
  • 11. Monteiro LM, Löbenberg R, Barbosa EJ, de Araujo GLB, Sato PK, Kanashiro E, Bou-Chacra NA. Oral Güney & Şentürk 2023 122 administration of buparvaquone nanostructured lipid carrier enables in vivo activity against leishmania infantum. European Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 2022;169.
  • 12. Senturk S. Case Controversial Internal Diseases of Calves Extended 4th Edition, Studio Star Ajans Tic. Singing. Ltd. Sti, Bursa 2019;228-357.
  • 13. Li N, Wang R, Cai M, Jiang W, Feng Y, Xiao L. Outbreak of cryptosporidiosis due to Cryptosporidium parvum subtype IIdA19G1 in neonatal calves on a dairy farm in China. International Journal for Parasitology 2019;49(7),569–577.
  • 14. Aboelsoued D, and Abdel Megeed KN. Diagnosis and control of cryptosporidiosis in farm animals. Journal of Parasitic Diseases 2022;46(4),1133–1146.
  • 15. Gonzalez-Astudillo V, Sheley MF, Uzal FA, and Navarro MA. Pathology of cryptosporidiosis in raccoons: case series and retrospective analysis, 1990–2019. Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation 2021.
  • 16. Jacobson C, Al-Habsi K, Ryan U, Williams A, Anderson F, Yang R, Miller D. Cryptosporidium infection is associated with reduced growth and diarrhoea in goats beyond weaning. Veterinary Parasitology 2018;260,30–37.
  • 17. Trotz-Williams LA, Jarvie BD, Peregrine AS, Duffield TF, Leslie KE. Papers: Efficacy of halofuginone lactate in the prevention of cryptosporidiosis in dairy calves. Veterinary Record 2011;168(19),509.
  • 18. Witto SG, Kankya C, Akurut G, Mugasa CM, Kazibwe A, Ochwo S. The prevalence and genetic characterisation of Cryptosporidium isolates from cattle in Kiruhura district, South Western Uganda. Journal of Parasitic Diseases 2021;45,778-789.
  • 19. Knowles TG, Edwards JE, Bazeley KJ, Brown SN, Butterworth A, Warriss PD. Changes in the blood biochemical and haematological profile of neonatal calves with age. Veterinary Record 2000;147(21), 593-598.
  • 20. Mohri M, Sharifi K, Eidi S. Hematology and serum biochemistry of Holstein dairy calves: age related changes and comparison with blood composition in adults. Research in veterinary science 2007;83(1), 30-39
  • 21. Hacılarlıoglu S, Bilgic HB, Bakırcı S, Tait A, Weir W,Shiels B, Karagenc T. Selection of genotypes harbouring mutations in the cytochrome b gene of Theileriaannulata is associated with resistance to buparvaquone.Plos one, 2023;18(1),e0279925.
  • 22. Coombs GH, Chappell LH, Croft SL (Eds.). Molecularbasis of drug design and resistance (Vol. 114). S3. 1sted.1997.
  • 23. Alidadi N, Dezfouli MRM, Rahbari S, Ali AM, NouriM, Bahonar A, Bulurchia M. Effect of buparvaquone on Cryptosporidium parvum oocysts shedding in calf. Asian Journal of Animal and Veterinary Advances 2008;3(4),275-277.
  • 24. Evci FZ and Şentürk, S. Comparison of the effects of buparvaquone and paromomycin on oocyst excretion and clinical parameters in diarrheal calves naturally infected with cryptosporidiosis. Journal of the Hellenic Veterinary Medical Society 2022;73(4),4779-4784.
  • 25. Gebru T, Hailu A, Kremsner PG, Kun JFJ, Grobusch MP. Molecular surveillance of mutations in the cytochrome b gene of Plasmodium falciparum in Gabon and Ethiopia. Malaria Journal 2006;5,1–5.
  • 26. Sherman IW. A brief history of malaria and discovery of the parasite's life cycle. Malaria: parasite biology, pathogenesis, and protection, 1998;1,3.
  • 27. Rufener R, Dick L, D’Ascoli L, Ritler D, Hizem A, Wells TNC, Lundström-Stadelmann B. Repurposing of an old drug: In vitro and in vivo efficacies of buparvaquone against Echinococcus multilocularis. International Journal for Parasitology: Drugs and Drug Resistance 2018;8(3), 440– 450.
  • 28. Mehlhorn H, eds. Encyclopedia of Parasitology, 3rd Edition. Newyork: Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2008;389-392.
  • 29. Croft SL, Hogg J, Gutteridge WE, Hudson AT, Randall AW. The activity of hydroxynaphthoquinones against leishmania donovani. Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy 1992;30(6),827–832.
  • 30. Vexenat JA, Croft SL, Furtado Campos JH, Miles MA. Failure of buparvaquone (Butalex) in the treatment of canine visceral leishmaniosis. Veterinary Parasitology 1998;77(1),71–73.
  • 31. Saleh N, Allam T, Nayel M, Ahmed R, Elkhatam A. Hematological, Serum Biochemical and Parasitological investigation of calf diarrhea. Journal of Current Veterinary Research, 2022;4(1),58-68.
  • 32. Neamat-Allah AF. Haemato-biochemical alteration in water buffaloes clinically infected with bovine theileriosis before and after treatment by buparvaquone. Bull. Uni. Agric. Sci. Vet. Med. 2016;73(1):76-82.
  • 33. Senturk S. Which laboratory parameters should be checked in which clinical findings in cattle? Extended 3rd ed. Kutlu Avcı Offset Form Printing Re. Trade Ltd. Sti., Antalya, 97.2022.
  • 34. Mullakaev O, Zalaylov I, Kirillov E, Konstantinova I, Bulatova E. Morphological parameters of blood of calves with cryptosporidiosis after applying different treatment regimens.2020.
  • 35. Klinkon M, and Ježek J. Values of blood variables in calves. A Bird's-Eye View of Veterinary Medicine, 1. Güney & Şentürk 2023
  • 36. Kachhawa JP, Kumar S, Sharma A, Singh AP, Ahuja A. Studies on alterations of clinical and hemato-biochemical parameters before and after treatment in calves naturally infected with theileriosis. Veterinary world 2016;9(12), 1381. 37. Panousis N, Siachos N, Kitkas G, Kalaitzakis E, Kritsepi- Konstantinou M, Valergakis GE. Hematology reference intervals for neonatal Holstein calves. Research in veterinary science 2018;118,1-10.
  • 38. Piccione G, Casella S, Pennisi P, Giannetto C, Costa A, Caola G. Monitoring of physiological and blood parameters during perinatal and neonatal period in calves. Arquivo Brasileiro de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia 2010;62,1-12.
  • 39. Kraft W, Durr U. Clinical laboratory diagnostic in veterinary medicine (in Czech). Hajko and Hajková, Bratislava 365 p. 2019.
  • 40. Aydogdu U, Isik N, Ekici OD, Yildiz R, Sen I, Coskun A. Comparison of the effectiveness of halofuginone lactate and paromomycin in the treatment of calves naturally Infected with cryptosporidium parvum. Acta Scientiae Veterinariae 2018;46(1).
  • 41. Morsy SA, Shams EA, Abdelaziz SA, Nahla SE. Determination of Buparvaquone Residues in Rabbit Tissues Using Hplc and its Effect on Different Liver and Kidney Functions. Journal of Animal Health and Production 2021;9(s1),76–79.
  • 42. Guney FZ. Evaluation of the efficacy of buparvaquone on clinical and blood parameters in calves with cryptosporidiosis. Unpublished doctoral thesis. Bursa, Turkiye Thesis No: 10520842. 2023.
  • 43. Turgut K. Liver disease tests. Veterinary Clinical Laboratory Diagnosis, Bahçıvanlar Publishing House, Konya, Turkiye 2000;202-257.
  • 44. Senturk, S. Practical Laboratory for Cattle Extended 2nd edition, Dora Printing-Publishing Distribution Co.Ltd. Bursa 2017;2-8,274
  • 45. Ježek J. The dynamics of serum immunoglobulin concentrations and hematological and biochemical parameters in the period to the age of 24 weeks in differently reared calves, Univerza v Ljubljani, Veterinarska fakulteta, Ljubljana, Slovenija p.172. 2007.
There are 44 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Veterinary Sciences (Other)
Journal Section Research Articles
Authors

Fatma Zehra Evci Güney 0000-0002-2767-7690

Sezgin Şentürk 0000-0002-2465-9913

Publication Date December 31, 2023
Acceptance Date December 31, 2023
Published in Issue Year 2023

Cite

APA Evci Güney, F. Z., & Şentürk, S. (2023). Evaluation of the Effect of Buparvaquone Used in the Treatment of Neonatal Calves Naturally Infected with Cryptosporidium Spp. on Renal and Hepatic Functions. Journal of Research in Veterinary Medicine, 42(2), 118-123. https://doi.org/10.30782/jrvm.1358532
AMA Evci Güney FZ, Şentürk S. Evaluation of the Effect of Buparvaquone Used in the Treatment of Neonatal Calves Naturally Infected with Cryptosporidium Spp. on Renal and Hepatic Functions. J Res Vet Med. December 2023;42(2):118-123. doi:10.30782/jrvm.1358532
Chicago Evci Güney, Fatma Zehra, and Sezgin Şentürk. “Evaluation of the Effect of Buparvaquone Used in the Treatment of Neonatal Calves Naturally Infected With Cryptosporidium Spp. On Renal and Hepatic Functions”. Journal of Research in Veterinary Medicine 42, no. 2 (December 2023): 118-23. https://doi.org/10.30782/jrvm.1358532.
EndNote Evci Güney FZ, Şentürk S (December 1, 2023) Evaluation of the Effect of Buparvaquone Used in the Treatment of Neonatal Calves Naturally Infected with Cryptosporidium Spp. on Renal and Hepatic Functions. Journal of Research in Veterinary Medicine 42 2 118–123.
IEEE F. Z. Evci Güney and S. Şentürk, “Evaluation of the Effect of Buparvaquone Used in the Treatment of Neonatal Calves Naturally Infected with Cryptosporidium Spp. on Renal and Hepatic Functions”, J Res Vet Med, vol. 42, no. 2, pp. 118–123, 2023, doi: 10.30782/jrvm.1358532.
ISNAD Evci Güney, Fatma Zehra - Şentürk, Sezgin. “Evaluation of the Effect of Buparvaquone Used in the Treatment of Neonatal Calves Naturally Infected With Cryptosporidium Spp. On Renal and Hepatic Functions”. Journal of Research in Veterinary Medicine 42/2 (December 2023), 118-123. https://doi.org/10.30782/jrvm.1358532.
JAMA Evci Güney FZ, Şentürk S. Evaluation of the Effect of Buparvaquone Used in the Treatment of Neonatal Calves Naturally Infected with Cryptosporidium Spp. on Renal and Hepatic Functions. J Res Vet Med. 2023;42:118–123.
MLA Evci Güney, Fatma Zehra and Sezgin Şentürk. “Evaluation of the Effect of Buparvaquone Used in the Treatment of Neonatal Calves Naturally Infected With Cryptosporidium Spp. On Renal and Hepatic Functions”. Journal of Research in Veterinary Medicine, vol. 42, no. 2, 2023, pp. 118-23, doi:10.30782/jrvm.1358532.
Vancouver Evci Güney FZ, Şentürk S. Evaluation of the Effect of Buparvaquone Used in the Treatment of Neonatal Calves Naturally Infected with Cryptosporidium Spp. on Renal and Hepatic Functions. J Res Vet Med. 2023;42(2):118-23.