Araştırma Makalesi
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Futbolcularda Glutamin ve Kreatin Suplementasyonunun Vücut Hidrasyon Düzeyi ve Bazı Performans Parametrelerine Kombine Etkisi

Yıl 2024, , 169 - 179, 30.06.2024
https://doi.org/10.56639/jsar.1488916

Öz

Bu çalışmanın amacı futbolcularda glutamin&kreatin suplementasyonunun vücut kompozisyonu ve vücut hidrasyon düzeyi ile birlikte, bazı performans parametrelerine kombine etkisini araştırmaktır. Bu çalışmaya, 19-23 yaş grubu, lisanslı aktif futbol oynayan antrenmanlı 8 gönüllü erkek futbolcu katılmıştır. Çalışma randomize ve tek kör olarak tasarlanmıştır. Çalışmada sporculara 7 gün boyunca antrenmandan önce ve sonra 10 g glutamin&kreatin verilmiştir. Sporculara iki basamaklı ön test-son test deneysel model kullanılarak 7 gün ara ile eşit fiziki şartlarda bazı testler, ölçümler ve analizler yapılmıştır. Araştırma verileri bağımlı örneklem t-test ile analiz edilmiştir. Çalışmanın antrenman öncesi ve sonrası elde edilen ön test parametreleri karşılaştırıldığında, toplam reaksiyon zamanı ve hidrasyon testleri sonuçlarına göre iki grup arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı farklılık bulunmuştur (p<0,05). Antrenman öncesi ve sonrası elde edilen son test parametreleri karşılaştırıldığında ise, hidrasyon testi sonuçlarına göre iki grup arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı farklılık bulunmuştur (p<0,05). Araştırmada suplementasyon öncesi ve sonrası parametreler karşılaştırıldığında, vücut ağırlığı, iskelet kası ağırlığı, toplam vücut suyu, beden kütle indeksi (BKİ), metabolik hız, protein ve mineral değerlerinde istatistiksel olarak anlamlı farklılık tespit edilmiştir (p<0,05). Araştırma sonucunda, glutamin&kreatin besin takviyelerinin futbolcularda vücut kompozisyonu ve vücut hidrasyon düzeyi ile birlikte denge, reaksiyon zamanı, çeviklik, dikey sıçrama ve anaerobik güç parametrelerinde olumlu etki ettiği tespit edilmiştir. Bunun yanında, yağsız vücut kütlesi, toplam vücut suyu, metabolik hız gibi parametrelere de olumlu bir ergojenik etkiye sahip olduğu ve algılanan zorluk derecesini (AZD) artırmadan performans artışı sağladığını belirtebiliriz. Tüm bu sonuçlar dikkate alınarak, glutamin&kreatin kombine tüketiminin, antrenör ve sporcuların sağlık ve yüksek performans elde etmek için antrenmanlarda etkili bir besin desteği olarak kullanabileceğini söyleyebiliriz.

Etik Beyan

Bu araştırma, Sinop Üniversitesi İnsan Araştırmaları Etik Kurulu’nun 05.02.2020 tarih 2020/015 sayılı kararı ile etik açıdan uygun bulunmuştur (Sayı: 55317723-604.01.01-E.).

Destekleyen Kurum

Sinop Üniversitesi

Proje Numarası

SBF-1901-21-001

Teşekkür

Bu çalışma Sinop Üniversitesi Bilimsel Araştırma Projeleri Koordinasyon Birimi’nce desteklenmiştir. Proje Numarası: SBF-1901-21-001, Yıl: 2021.

Kaynakça

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The Combined Effect of Glutamine and Creatine Supplementation on Body Hydration Level and Some Performance Parameters in Football Players

Yıl 2024, , 169 - 179, 30.06.2024
https://doi.org/10.56639/jsar.1488916

Öz

The aim of this study was to investigate the combined effect of glutamine (GLU) and creatine (CRE) supplementation on body composition, body hydration levels, and selected performance parameters in football players. Eight volunteer licensed male football players aged 19 to 23 participated in this study. The study was randomized and single-blinded. In the study, athletes were administered 10 g of glutamine and creatine before and after training for seven days. Some tests, measurements, and analyses were performed in equal physical conditions with seven-day intervals using a pre-test/post-test experimental design. The research data were analyzed with a dependent sample t-test. In the comparison of the parameters pre- and post-supplementation, statistically significant differences were found in body mass, skeletal muscle mass, total body water, body mass index (BMI), metabolic rate, protein, and mineral values (p<0.05). The study demonstrated that glutamine and creatine nutritional supplements positively affected balance, reaction time, Illinois agility test (IAT), vertical jump (VJ), and anaerobic power parameters, as well as body composition and body hydration level in football players. Furthermore, it was found to have a positive ergogenic effect on parameters such as lean body mass, total body water, metabolic rate, and increased performance without increasing the rate of perceived exertion (RPE). In conclusion, considering these results, it can be said that coaches and athletes can use the combined consumption of glutamine and creatine as practical nutritional support in training to achieve health and high performance.

Etik Beyan

This research was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki and approved by the decision of Sinop University Human Research Ethics Committee (Number: E-55317723-604-01-01 Decision: 2020/015).

Destekleyen Kurum

Sinop University

Proje Numarası

SBF-1901-21-001

Teşekkür

This study was supported by Sinop University Scientific Research Coordination Unit. Project Number: SBF-1901-21-001, Year: 2021.

Kaynakça

  • Acar, K., Mor, A., Mor, H., Kargın, Z., Alexe, D. I., Abdioğlu, M., Karayiğit, R., Alexe, C.I., Cojocaru, A.M. & Mocanu, G. D. (2024). Caffeine Improves Sprint Time in Simulated Freestyle Swimming Competition but Not the Vertical Jump in Female Swimmers. Nutrients, 16(9), 1253.
  • Ahmadi, A. R., Rayyani, E., Bahreini, M. & Mansoori, A. (2019). The Effect of Glutamine Supplementation on Athletic Performance, Body Composition, and Immune Function: A systematic review and a meta-analysis of clinical trials. Clinical Nutrition, 38(3), 1076-1091.
  • Antonio, J., Candow, D. G., Forbes, S. C., Gualano, B., Jagim, A. R., Kreider, R. B., Rawson, E. S., Smith-Ryan A. E., VanDusseldorp, T. A., Willoughby, D. S. & Ziegenfuss, T. N. (2021). Common Questions and Misconceptions About Creatine Supplementation: What Does The Scientific Evidence Really Show? Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition, 18(1), 13.
  • Antonio, J., Sanders, M. S., Kalman, D., Woodgate, D. & Street, C. (2002). The Effects of High-Dose Glutamine Ingestion on Weightlifting Performance. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research, 16(1), 157-160.
  • Bandelow, S., Maughan, R., Shirreffs, S., Ozgünen, K., Kurdak, S., Ersöz, G. & Dvorak, J. (2010). The Effects of Exercise, Heat, Cooling and Rehydration Strategies on Cognitive Function in Football Players. Scandinavian Journal of Medicine and Science in Sports, 20, 148-160.
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  • Directo, D., Wong, M. W., Elam, M. L., Falcone, P., Osmond, A. & Jo, E. (2019). The Effects of A Multi-Ingredient Performance Supplement Combined With Resistance Training on Exercise Volume, Muscular Strength, and Body Composition. Sports, 7(6), 152.
  • Falk, D. J., Heelan, K. A., Thyfault, J. P. & Koch, A. J. (2003). Effects of Effervescent Creatine, Ribose, and Glutamine Supplementation on Muscular Strength, Muscular Endurance, and Body Composition. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research. 17(4), 810-816.
  • Flôres, F. S., Lourenço, J., Phan, L., Jacobs, S., Willig, R. M., Marconcin, P. E. P., Casanova, N., Soares, D., Clemente, F. M. & Silva, A. F. (2023). Evaluation of Reaction Time During The One-Leg Balance Activity in Young Soccer Players: A Pilot Study. Children, 10(4):743.
  • Fox, E., Bowers, R. & Foss, M. (2012). Beden Eğitimi ve Sporun Fizyolojik Temelleri. Ankara: Spor Yayınevi.
  • Galvan, E., Walker, D. K., Simbo, S. Y., Dalton, R., Levers, K., O’Connor, A., Goodenough, C., Barringer, N. D., Greenwood, M., Rasmussen, C., Smith, S. B., Riechman, S. E., Fluckey, J. D., Murano, P. S., Earnest, C. P. & Kreider, R. B. (2016). Acute and Chronic Safety and Efficacy of Dose Dependent Creatine Nitrate Supplementation and Exercise Performance. Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition, 13(1), 12.
  • Hakimi, M., Mohamadi, M. A. & Ghaderi, Z. (2012). The Effects of Glutamine Supplementation on Performance and Hormonal Responses in Non-Athlete Male Students During Eight Week Resistance Training. Journal of Human Sport and Exercise, 7(4), 770-782.
  • Hall, M. & Trojian, T. H. (2013). Creatine Supplementation. Current Sports Medicine Reports, 12(4), 240-244.
  • Hall, M., Manetta, E. & Tupper, K. (2021). Creatine Supplementation: An Update. Current Sports Medicine Reports, 20(7), 338-344.
  • Hoffman, J. R., Williams, D. R., Emerson, N. S., Hoffman, M. W., Wells, A. J., McVeigh, D. M., McCormack, W. P., Mangine, G. T., Gonzalez, A. M. & Fragala MS. (2012). L-Alanyl-L-Glutamine Ingestion Maintains Performance During a Competitive Basketball Game. Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition, 9(1), 4.
  • Hostrup, M. & Bangsbo, J. (2023). Performance Adaptations to Intensified Training in Top-Level Football. Sports Medicine, 53, 577–594.
  • Hultman, E., Bergström, J. & Anderson, N. M. (1967). Breakdown and Resynthesis of Phosphorylcreatine and Adenosine Triphosphate in Connection With Muscular Work in Man. Scandinavian Journal of Clinical and Laboratory Investigation, 19(1), 56-66.
  • Iaia, F. M., Ermanno, R. & Bangsbo, J. (2009). High-Intensity Training in Football. International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance, 4(3), 291-306.
  • Jaramillo, A. P., Jaramillo, L., Castells, J., Beltran, A., Mora, N. G., Torres, S., Parraga, G.C.B., Vallejo, M.P. & Santos, Y. (2023). Effectiveness of Creatine in Metabolic Performance: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Cureus, 15(9).
  • Johnston, A. P. W., Burke, D. G., MacNeil, L. G. & Candow, D. G. (2009). Effect of Creatine Supplementation During Cast-Induced Immobilization on The Preservation of Muscle Mass, Strength, and Endurance. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research, 23(1), 116-120.
  • Juhász, I., Györe, I., Csende, Z., Racz, L. & Tihanyi, J. (2009). Creatine Supplementation Improves The Anaerobic Performance of Elite Junior Fin Swimmers. Acta Physiologica Hungarica, 96(3), 325-336.
  • Kaldirimci, M., Sajedi, H., Sam, C. T., Mizrak, O. & Kavurmaci, H. (2015). Glutamine Supplementation and Basketball Players Power Performance Changes. Journal of Sports Science, 3, 298-304.
  • Kerem, M. & Ceylan, B. (2020). Kadın Hentbolcuların Maç Günü Hidrasyon Durumları. Sportif Bakış: Spor ve Eğitim Bilimleri Dergisi, 7(1), 35-43.
  • Kerksick, C. M., Rasmussen, C. J., Lancaster, S. L., Magu, B., Smith, P., Melton, C., Greenwood, M., Almada, A. L., Earnest, C. P. & Kreider, R. B. (2006). The Effects of Protein And Amino Acid Supplementation on Performance and Training Adaptations During Ten Weeks of Resistance Training. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research, 20(3), 643-653.
  • Kerksick, C. M., Wilborn, C. D., Roberts, M. D., Smith-Ryan, A., Kleiner, S. M., Jäger, R., Collins, R., Cooke, M., Davis, J. N., Galvan, E., Greenwood, M., Lowery, L. M., Wildman, R., Antonio, J. & Kreider, R. B. (2018). ISSN Exercise & Sports Nutrition Review Update: Research & Recommendations. Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition, 15(1), 38.
  • Khorshidi-Hosseini, M. & Nakhostin-Roohi, B. (2013). Effect of Glutamine and Maltodextrin Acute Supplementation on Anaerobic Power. Asian Journal of Sports Medicine, 4(2), 131.
  • Kilding, A. E., Tunstall, H. & Kuzmic, D. (2008). Suitability Of FIFA’s “The 11” Training Programme For Young Football Players–Impact on Physical Performance. Journal of Sports Science and Medicine, 7(3), 320-326.
  • Köklü Y., Özkan A., Alemdaroğlu U. & Ersöz G. (2009). Genç Futbolcuların Bazı Fiziksel Uygunluk ve Somatotip Özelliklerinin Oynadıkları Mevkilere Göre Karşılaştırılması. Spormetre Beden Eğitimi ve Spor Bilimleri Dergisi, 7(2), 61-68.
  • Kreider, R. B. (2003). Effects of Creatine Supplementation on Performance and Training Adaptations. Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, 244(1), 89-94.
  • Kreider, R. B., Kalman, D. S., Antonio, J., Ziegenfuss, T. N., Wildman, R., Collins, R., Candow, D. G., Kleiner, S. M., Almada, A. L. & Lopez, H. L. (2017). International Society of Sports Nutrition Position Stand: Safety and Efficacy of Creatine Supplementation in Exercise, Sport, and Medicine. Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition, 14(1), 18.
  • Lamontagne-Lacasse, M., Nadon, R. & Goulet, E. D. B. (2011). Effect of Creatine Supplementation on Jumping Performance in Elite Volleyball Players. International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance, 6, 525-533.
  • Lehmkuhl, M., Malone, M., Justice, B., Trone, G., Pistilli, E., Vinci, D., Haff, E. E., Kilgore, J. L. & Haff, G. G. (2003). The Effects of 8 Weeks of Creatine Monohydrate and Glutamine Supplementation on Body Composition and Performance Measures. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research, 17(3), 425-438.
  • Lu, T. L., Zheng, A. C., Suzuki, K., Lu, C. C., Wang, C. Y. & Fang, S. H. (2024). Supplementation of L-Glutamine Enhanced Mucosal Immunity and Improved Hormonal Status of Combat-Sport Athletes. Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition, 21(1), 41-53.
  • Marinho, A.H., Silva-Cavalcante, M.D., Cristina-Souza, G., Sousa, F.A.B., Ataide-Silva, T., Bertuzzi, R., de Araujo, G.G. & Lima-Silva, A.E. (2024). Caffeine, but Not Creatine, Improves Anaerobic Power Without Altering Anaerobic Capacity in Healthy Men During a Wingate Anaerobic Test. International Journal of Sport Nutrition and Exercise Metabolism, 34(3),137-144.
  • Meira, F. C., Franke, R. d. A., da Costa, D. L., Nakamura, F. Y. & Baroni, B. M. (2023). Does Sprint and Jump Performance of Football Players From a Premier League Academy Change Throughout The Season? Sport Sciences for Health, 1-8.
  • Mohammad, S. M., Mahdi, A. M. & Parisa, S. (2021). The Effect of Intense Physical Activity Session With Glutamine Supplementation on Selected Factors of Wrestlers' Immune System. International Journal of Science and Research Archive, 2(2), 145-150.
  • Mor, A., İpekoğlu, G., Baynaz, K., Arslanoğlu, C., Acar, K. & Arslanoğlu, E. (2019). Futbolcularda BCAA ve Kreatin Alımının Vücut Kompozisyonu Üzerine Etkisi. Beden Eğitimi ve Spor Bilimleri Dergisi, 13(3), 274-285.
  • Mor, A., Karakaş, F., Mor, H., Yurtseven, R., Yılmaz, A. K. & Acar, K. (2022). Genç Futbolcularda Direnç Bandı Egzersizlerinin Bazı Performans Parametrelerine Etkisi. Spormetre Beden Eğitimi ve Spor Bilimleri Dergisi, 20(3), 128-142.
  • Mor, A., Yurtseven, R., Mor, H. & Acar, K. (2021). 11-12 Yaş Grubu Futbolcularda Farklı Isınma Protokollerinin Bazı Performans Parametrelerine Etkisi. Spormetre Beden Eğitimi ve Spor Bilimleri Dergisi, 19(4), 72-83.
  • Nakhostin-Roohi, B., Javanamani, R., Zardoost, N. & Ramazanzadeh R. (2016). Influence of Glutamine Supplementation on Muscle Damage and Oxidative Stress Indices Following 14 km Running. Hormozgan Medical Journal, 20(5), 323-331.
  • Newsholme, P., Diniz, V. L. S., Dodd, G. T. & Cruzat, V. (2023). Glutamine Metabolism and Optimal Immune and CNS Function. Proceedings of the Nutrition Society, 82(1), 22-31.
  • Paiva, J. M., Souza, C. O., Valle, V. O., Forbes, S. C., Pereira, R. & Machado, M. (2020). Creatine Monohydrate Enhanced Fixed and Planned Load Reduction Resistance Training Without Altering Ratings of Perceived Exertion. Journal of Exercise and Nutrition, 3(3).
  • Parsowith, E. J., Stock, M. S., Kocuba, O., Schumpp, A., Jackson, K., Brooks, A. M., Larson, A., Dixon, M. & Fairman, C. M. (2024). Impact of Short-Term Creatine Supplementation on Muscular Performance among Breast Cancer Survivors. Nutrients, 16(7), 979.
  • Paulsen, G., Crameri, R., Benestad, H. B., Fjeld, J. G., Mørkrid, L., Hallén, J. & Raastad, T. (2010). Time Course of Leukocyte Accumulation in Human Muscle After Eccentric Exercise. Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise, 42(1), 75-85.
  • Persky, A. M. & Rawson, E. S. (2007). Creatine and Creatine Kinase in Health and Disease. Subcellular Biochemistry, 46:275–89.
  • Piattoly, T., Parish, T. R. & Welsch, M. A. (2013). L-Glutamine Supplementation: Effects on Endurance, Power and Recovery. Current Topics in Nutraceutical Research, 11(1-2), 55-62.
  • Pruna, G. J., Hoffman, J. R., McCormack, W. P., Jajtner, A. R., Townsend, J. R., Bohner, J. D., La Monica, M. B., Wells, A. J., Stout, J. R., Fragala, M. S. & Fukuda, D. H. (2016). Effect of Acute L-Alanyl-L-Glutamine and Electrolyte Ingestion on Cognitive Function and Reaction Time Following Endurance Exercise. European Journal of Sport Science, 16(1), 72-79.
  • Ramírez-Campillo, R., González-Jurado, J. A., Martínez, C., Nakamura, F. Y., Peñailillo, L., Meylan, C. M., Caniuqueo, A., Canas-Jamet, R., Moran, J., Alonso-Martínez, A. M. & Izquierdo, M. (2016). Effects of Plyometric Training and Creatine Supplementation on Maximal-Intensity Exercise and Endurance in Female Soccer Players. Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport, 19(8), 682-687.
  • Shah, A. M., Wang, Z. & Ma, J. (2020). Glutamine Metabolism and Its Role in Immunity, a Comprehensive Review. Animals, 10(2), 326.
  • Silva, A. J., Machado Reis, V., Guidetti, L., Bessone Alves, F., Mota, P., Freitas, J. & Baldari, C. (2007). Effect of Creatine on Swimming Velocity, Body Composition and Hydrodynamic Variables. Journal of Sports Medicine and Physical Fitness, 47(1), 58.
  • Silveira, C. L., de Souza, T. S. P., Batista, G. R., de Araújo, A. T., da Silva, J. C. G., de Sousa, M. D. S. C., Marta, C. & Garrido, N. D. (2014). Is Long Term Creatine and Glutamine Supplementation Effective in Enhancing Physical Performance of Military Police Officers? Journal of Human Kinetics, 43, 131-138.
  • Siyah M., Şanlı T. & Turgut E. (2023). Effects of Physical and Cognitive Factors on Reactive Agilıty in Professional Football Players. Turkish Journal of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, 34(3), 313-320.
  • Vargas-Molina, S., García-Sillero, M., Kreider, R. B., Salinas, E., Petro, J. L., Benítez-Porres, J. & Bonilla, D. A. (2022). A Randomized Open-Labeled Study to Examine The Effects of Creatine Monohydrate and Combined Training on Jump and Scoring Performance in Young Basketball Players. Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition, 19(1), 529-542.
  • Volek, J. S., Kraemer, W. J., Bush, J. A., Boetes, M., Incledon, T., Clark, K. L. & Lynch, J. M. (1997). Creatine Supplementation Enhances Muscular Performance During High-Intensity Resistance Exercise. Journal of the American Dietetic Association, 97, 765-770.
  • Volek, J. S., Ratamess, N. A., Rubin, M. R., Gomez, A. L., French, D. N., McGuigan, M. M., Scheett, T. P., Sharman, M. J., Hakkinen, K. & Kraemer, W. J. (2004). The Effects of Creatine Supplementation on Muscular Performance and Body Composition Responses to Short-Term Resistance Training Overreaching. European Journal of Applied Physiology, 91(5-6), 628-637.
  • Wilson, J. M., Wilson, S. M., Loenneke, J. P., Wray, M., Norton, L. E., Campbell, B. I., Lowery, R. P. & Stout, J. R. (2012). Effects of Amino Acids and Their Metabolites on Aerobic and Anaerobic Sports. Strength & Conditioning Journal, 34(4), 33-48.
  • Yáñez-Silva, A., Buzzachera, C. F., Piçarro, I. D. C., Januario, R. S., Ferreira, L. H., McAnulty, S. R., Utter, A. C. & Souza-Junior, T. P. (2017). Effect of Low Dose, Short-Term Creatine Supplementation on Muscle Power Output in Elite Youth Soccer Players. Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition, 14(1), 1-8.
Toplam 70 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Konular Spor ve Beslenme
Bölüm Araştırma Makaleleri
Yazarlar

Ahmet Mor 0000-0002-1181-1111

Fatih Karakaş 0000-0002-3366-7587

Ali Kerim Yılmaz 0000-0002-0046-6711

Hakkı Mor 0000-0003-0810-1909

Kürşat Acar 0000-0001-8908-4404

Erkal Arslanoğlu 0000-0003-2066-0682

Proje Numarası SBF-1901-21-001
Yayımlanma Tarihi 30 Haziran 2024
Gönderilme Tarihi 23 Mayıs 2024
Kabul Tarihi 30 Haziran 2024
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2024

Kaynak Göster

APA Mor, A., Karakaş, F., Yılmaz, A. K., Mor, H., vd. (2024). The Combined Effect of Glutamine and Creatine Supplementation on Body Hydration Level and Some Performance Parameters in Football Players. Herkes için Spor Ve Rekreasyon Dergisi, 6(2), 169-179. https://doi.org/10.56639/jsar.1488916

Creative Commons Lisansı

Herkes için Spor ve Rekreasyon dergisi tarafından yayınlanan eserler Creative Commons Atıf-GayriTicari-Türetilemez 4.0 Uluslararası (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0) ile lisanslanmaktadır.

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