Investigation of usability of recycled aggregate in SIFCON production

Abstract

Using recycled aggregates is crucial for a more sustainable environment and economy. In this study, the properties of recycled aggregate-based SIFCONs were examined. In the scope of the study, compressive strength, high-temperature resistance, sorptivity, and fracture energy of SIFCONs produced with recycled aggregate were investigated. The results were compared with those of the limestone-bearing SIFCONs. It was determined that the compressive strength and fracture energy of SIFCONs produced with recycled aggregate were 61.2 MPa and 14.9 N/mm, respectively. Although these values are lower than those of SIFCONs produced with limestone, it has been determined that recycled aggregates are advantageous in high-temperature resistance. The results demonstrated that the recycled aggregate could be used to produce SIFCON.

Keywords

• Fracture energy
• High-temperature resistance
• Recycled aggregate
• SIFCON
• Steel fiber

References

1. Bayraktar, O. Y., Kaplan, G., Shi, J., Benli, A., Bodur, B., & Turkoglu, M. (2023). The effect of steel fiber aspect-ratio and content on the fresh, flexural, and mechanical performance of concrete made with recycled fine aggregate. Constr Build Mater, 368, 130497. [CrossRef]
2. Madandoust, R., Kazemi, M., Talebi, P. K., & De Brito, J. (2019). Effect of the curing type on the mechanical properties of lightweight concrete with polypropylene and steel fibers. Constr Build Mater, 223, 1038–1052. [CrossRef]
3. Watts, M. J., Amin, A., Gilbert, R. I., & Kaufmann, W. (2020). Behavior of fiber reinforced concrete members under sustained axial/flexural load. Struct Concr, 21(4), 1441–1457. [CrossRef]
4. Wu, H., Lin, X., & Zhou, A. (2020). A review of mechanical properties of fibre reinforced concrete at elevated temperatures. Cem Concr Res, 135, 106117. [CrossRef]
5. Shelorkar, A. P. (2021). Slurry infiltrated fibrous concrete (SIFCON) - A review. Int J Res Publ Rev, 2(8), 780–787.
6. Wang, W., Shen, A., Lyu, Z., He, Z., & Nguyen, K. T. Q. (2021). Fresh and rheological characteristics of fiber reinforced concrete - A review. Constr Build Mater, 296, 123734.[CrossRef]
7. Farnam, Y., Moosavi, M., Shekarchi, M., Babanajad, S. K., & Bagherzadeh, A. (2010). Behaviour of Slurry Infiltrated Fibre Concrete (SIFCON) under triaxial compression. Cem Concr Res, 40(11), 1571–1581. [CrossRef]
8. Gok, S. G., & Sengul, O. (2023). Mechanical properties of alkali-activated slag based SIFCON incorporating waste steel fibers and waste glass. Constr Build Mater, 408, 133697. [CrossRef]

9. Beglarigale, A., Yalçınkaya, Ç., Yiğiter, H., & Yazıcı, H. (2016). Flexural performance of SIFCON composites subjected to high temperature. Constr Build Mater, 104, 99–108. [CrossRef]
10. Ipek, M., & Aksu, M. (2019). The effect of different types of fiber on flexure strength and fracture toughness in SIFCON. Constr Build Mater, 214, 207–218. [CrossRef]
11. Yazıcı, H., Yiğiter, H., Aydın, S., & Baradan, B. (2006). Autoclaved SIFCON with high volume Class C fly ash binder phase. Cem Concr Res, 36(3), 481–486. [CrossRef]
12. Ali, M. H., Atiş, C. D., & Al-Kamaki, Y. S. S. (2022). Mechanical properties and efficiency of SIFCON samples at elevated temperature cured with standard and accelerated method. Case Stud Constr Mater, 17, e01281. [CrossRef]
13. Abbas, A. S., & Kadhum, M. M. (2020). Impact of fire on mechanical properties of Slurry Infiltrated Fiber Concrete (SIFCON). Civil Eng J, 6, 12–23. [CrossRef]
14. Aygörmez, Y., Al-mashhadani, M. M., & Canpolat, O. (2020). High-temperature effects on white cement-based slurry infiltrated fiber concrete with metakaolin and fly ash additive. Rev Constr, 19(2), 324–333. [CrossRef]
15. Tauma, W. K., & Balázs, G. L. (2023). Impact and blast resistance of slurry infiltrated fiber concrete (SIFCON): A comprehensive review. Concr Struct, 129–136. [CrossRef]
16. Khan, M., & McNally, C. (2023). A holistic review on the contribution of civil engineers for driving sustainable concrete construction in the built environment. Dev Built Environ, 16, 100273. [CrossRef]
17. Al-Hadithi, A. K. Y., & Al-Hadithi, A. I. (2022). Compressive and impact loads' effects on the behaviour of SIFCON made of plastic waste fibers. Iraqi J Civil Eng, 16(2), 44–54. [CrossRef]
18. Celikten, S., & Canbaz, M. (2022). Influence of binder type on the mechanical properties of SIFCON composites made with waste steel fibers. J Polytechnic, 25(1), 251–256. [CrossRef]
19. Drdlova, M., Prachar, V., Cechmanek, R., & Svitak, O. (2019, June 26–29). Utilization of waste steel fibres from tires in slurry infiltrated fibre concrete for blast protective elements. 7th International Conference on Sustainable Solid Waste Management, Heraklion, Crete Island, Greece/
20. Canbaz, M., & Celikten, S. (2020). Utilization of crumbed waste tire rubbers for the production of SIFCON with different binders. J Eng Archit Fac Eskisehir Osmangazi Univ, 28(1), 9–15. [CrossRef]
21. Tiwari, P., Kushwaha, Y., & Agrawal, A. (2019). SIFCON’s behaviour on partial replacement of cement with waste glass powder. Int J Res Advent Technol, 7(9), 24–28. [CrossRef]
22. Khan, S. A., & Selvaraju, G. (2019). Characteristic of slurry infiltrated fibrous concrete (SIFCON) produced by partially replacing cement by mineral admixtures and steel fibers by waste plastic fibers. J Adv Res Eng Knowl, 7(1), 1–15.
23. Altunci, Y. T., & Ocal, C. (2022). The effect of peanut shell ash on some engineering features of SIFCON. J Eng Sci Des, 10(3), 869–877. [CrossRef]
24. Riyar, R. L., Nazeer, M., Kapoor, K., Singh, R. B., & Singh, P. (2021). Hardened state behavior of beneficiated recycled aggregate concrete. J Sustain Cem-Based Mater, 10(6), 319–335. [CrossRef]
25. Chang, C. Y., Huang, R., Lee, P. C., & Weng, T. L. (2014). Determining the optimal mixture for recycled aggregate concrete with multiple responses. J Chin Inst Eng, 37(2), 165–174. [CrossRef]
26. Ouyang, K., Liu, J., Liu, S., Song, B., Guo, H., Li, G., & Shi, C. (2023). Influence of pre-treatment methods for recycled concrete aggregate on the performance of recycled concrete: A review. Resour Conserv Recycl, 188, 106717. [CrossRef]
27. Nazarimofrad, E., Shaikh, F. U. A., & Nili, M. (2017). Effects of steel fibre and silica fume on impact behaviour of recycled aggregate concrete. J Sustain Cem-Based Mater, 6(1), 54–68. [CrossRef]
28. Ataria, R. B., & Wang, Y. C. (2023). Improving the mechanical properties of recycled aggregate concrete with graphene. Eur J Environ Civ Eng, 27(4), 1747–1762. [CrossRef]
29. Cakır, O., & Sofyanli, O. O. (2015). Influence of silica fume on mechanical and physical properties of recycled aggregate concrete. HBRC J, 11(2), 157–166. [CrossRef]
30. Kim, J. (2022). Influence of quality of recycled aggregates on the mechanical properties of recycled aggregate concretes: An overview. Constr Build Mater, 328, 127071. [CrossRef]
31. Danish, A., & Mosaberpanah, M. A. (2022). A review on recycled concrete aggregates (RCA) characteristics to promote RCA utilization in developing sustainable recycled aggregate concrete (RAC). Eur J Environ Civ Eng, 26(13), 6505–6539. [CrossRef]
32. Hosseinnezhad, H., Tosun, E., Cakir, O., & Ramyar, K. (2022). Characterization of coarse recycled aggregates produced from concretes with different strength levels. Nat Appl Sci J, 5(1), 38–46. [CrossRef]
33. Veriana, K. P., Ashraf, W., & Cao, Y. (2018). Properties of recycled concrete aggregate and their influence in new concrete production. Resour Conserv Recycl, 133, 30–49. [CrossRef]
34. McNeil, K., & Kang, T. H. K. (2013). Recycled concrete aggregates: A review. Int J Concr Struct Mater, 7(1), 61–69. [CrossRef]
35. ASTM International. (2021). ASTM C1585-Standard Test Method for Measurement of Rate of Absorption of Water by Hydraulic-Cement Concretes.
36. RILEM (50-FMC). (1985). Determination of the fracture energy of mortar and concrete by means of three-point bend tests on notched beams. Mater Struct, 18(4), 287–290. [CrossRef]
37. Fan, C. C., Huang, R., Hwang, H., & Chao, S. J. (2016). Properties of concrete incorporating fine recycled aggregates from crushed concrete wastes. Constr Build Mater, 112, 708–715. [CrossRef]
38. Ju, M., Park, K., & Park, W. J. (2019). Mechanical behavior of recycled fine aggregate concrete with high slump property in normal- and high-strength. Int J Concr Struct Mater, 13(1), 61. [CrossRef]
39. Pourghadrı Sefıdehkhan, H., & Şimşek, O. (2018). Investigation of some engineering properties of concrete made with recycled aggregate in different ratios. J Polytechnic, 21(1), 83–91.
40. Saravanakumar, P., Abhiram, K., & Manoj, B. (2016). Properties of treated recycled aggregates and its influence on concrete strength characteristics. Constr Build Mater, 111, 611–617. [CrossRef]
41. Ayub, T., Khan, A. R., & Mahmood, W. (2020). Effect of recycled concrete aggregates on compressive strength and water permeability of concrete. Int J Energy Environ, 14, 25–32. [CrossRef]
42. Civioglu, F. S. (2020). Investigation of physical, mechanical and durability properties of self-compacting concretes produced with recycled concrete aggregate. [Master’s Thesis, Afyon Kocatepe University].
43. Algin, Z. (2020). The effect of recycled aggregate replacements on some hardened properties of self-compacting concrete [Geri kazanılmış agrega İkamesinin kendiliğinden yerleşen betonların bazı sertleşmiş özelliklerine etkisi]. Harran Univ Eng J, 5(3), 183–193. [CrossRef]
44. Benito, E. K. D., Aragoncillo, A. M. M., Pascua, F. A. A., Juanites, J. M., Eneria, M. A., Zafra, R. G., & Madlangbayan, M. S. (2023). Durability performance of concrete containing recycled coarse aggregates derived from laboratory-tested specimens. World J Eng. https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/WJE-02-2023-0033/full/html [CrossRef]
45. Kou, S. C., Poon, C. S., & Etxeberria, M. (2014). Residue strength, water absorption and pore size distributions of recycled aggregate concrete after exposure to elevated temperatures. Cem Concr Compos, 53, 73–82. [CrossRef]
46. Zega, C. J., & Di Maio, A. A. (2006). Recycled concrete exposed to high temperatures. Mag Concr Res, 58(10), 675–682. [CrossRef]