AR Book, augmented and mixed reality applications in the education of mineral processing machines

Yıl 2024, Sayı: 011, 18 - 34, 31.12.2024

Kaan Erarslan , Ali Uçar , Oktay Şahbaz

Öz

This study investigated the effects of three different augmented reality (AR) applications on the education of mineral comminution and classification machines. In the first application, an augmented reality booklet (AR-Book) was prepared, which included the basic machines used in mineral processing and classification. The application was designed for mobile devices and has an image target type structure. In the second application in the image target type, the mixed reality (MR) device MS Hololens 2 was used, which provides visualization in the environment and hand interactions on the models. The third application has a spatial-ground plane structure that provides hand interaction experience with MS Hololens 2. The contributions of these approaches, which aim to support traditional training, were examined through student feedback. As a result, student assessments, it was concluded that they improve learning, increase focus, make education more fun, and positively affect both the retention of knowledge and the overall quality of education.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Mineral Processing, Augmented Reality, Mixed Reality, AR Book, Unity, Hololens 2

Teşekkür

For their contribution to the realization of the work in this publication, we would like to express our gratitude to the European Union, Brussels, for supporting the project ERASMUS-EDU-2022-CBHE-101082621-EMINReM-“Master's Program in Eco-Mining Engineering and Innovative Natural Resource Management” and Kütahya Dumlupınar University for providing laboratory facilities for the project “Search and Rescue Training in Mines Using VR/AR Technologies”-DPÜ-BAP 2022-63. We would also like to acknowledge the Polish National Agency for the support of the Hologem Project “Holographic Integration for Geological Sciences Education and Mining”, grant 2022-1-PL01-KA220-VET-000089946.

Kaynakça

• [1] Wu, H.-K., Lee, S. W.-Y., Chang, H.-Y., & Liang, J.-C. (2013). Current status, opportunities and challenges of augmented reality in education. “Computers & Education”, 62, 41–49. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compedu.2012.10.024
• [2] Fang, J., Fan, W., & Bai, D. (2022). Augmented reality platform for the unmanned mining process in underground mines. “Mining, Metallurgy & Exploration”, 39, 385–395.
• [3] Al-Ansi, A. M., Jaboob, M., Garad, A., & Al-Ansi, A. (2023). Analyzing augmented reality (AR) and virtual reality (VR) recent developments in education. “Social Sciences & Humanities”, 8, (1), 1–10.
• [4] Assemblr. (2024). History of augmented reality. “Assemblr”..
• [5] Cipresso, P., Giglioli, I. A. C., Raya, I., & Riva, G. (2018). The past, present, and future of virtual and augmented reality research: A network and cluster analysis of the literature. “Frontiers in Psychology”, 9, (2086). https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2018.02086
• [6] Microsoft. (2024). Microsoft MR Feature Tools. “Microsoft”. https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/download/details.aspx?id=102778
• [7] Yılmaz, M. R., & Göktaş, Y. (2018). Using augmented reality technology in education. “Journal of Çukurova University Education Faculty”, 47, (2), 510–537.
• [8] Ata, S., & Tibbett, J. (2018). Using virtual reality to enhance mineral processing education. “International Journal of Georesources and Environment-IJGE”, 4, (3), 69–73.
• [9] Kofoğlu, M. (2020). Mesleki eğitime yönelik artırılmış ve sanal gerçeklik teknolojilerinin tek bir uygulamada birleştirilerek karma gerçeklik uygulaması geliştirilmesi ve donanım tasarlanması. In “Proc. 8th International Symposium on Innovative Technologies in Engineering and Science (ISITES2020)”, (pp. 1–5), Bursa, Turkey. https://doi.org/10.33793/acperpro.03.01.64
• [10] Oberhauser, R. (2022). VR-ProcessMine: Immersive process mining visualization and analysis in virtual reality. In “Proceedings of the Fourteenth International Conference on Information, Process, and Knowledge Management”, (pp. 75–80).
• [11] Azuma, R. T. (1997). A survey of augmented reality. “Presence: Teleoperators and Virtual Environments”, 6, (4), 355–385.
• [12] Wei, L. B., Wu, B. W., & Zhou, Y. (2014). Coal mine emergency rescue drill system based on virtual reality technology.
• [13] Erarslan, K. (2022). Augmented reality applications on quarries and mines. “Journal of Scientific Reports-B, (3), 13–24.
• [14] Hugues, O., Gbodossou, A., & Cieutat, J.-M. (2012). Towards the application of augmented reality in the mining sector: Open-pit mines. “International Journal of Applied Information Systems”, 4, (6), 27–32. https://doi.org/10.5120/ijais12-450760
• [15] Rachel. (2024). What are augmented reality books? “Draw and Code”. https://drawandcode.com/learning-zone/what-are-augmented-reality-books/
• [16] Microsoft, (2023). What is MR? “Microsoft”. https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/mixed-reality/discover/mixed-reality
• [17] Apple Vision Pro. (2024). Apple Vision Pro. “Apple”. https://www.apple.com/apple-vision-pro/
• [18] Unity Technologies Inc. (2024). Unity 3D. “Unity”. https://unity.com
• [19] Vuforia Engine. (n.d.). Vuforia Engine. https://developer.vuforia.com/home
• [20] Grabcad. (2024). Grabcad. https://grabcad.com
• [21] Warehouse Sketchup. (2024). 3D Warehouse. https://3dwarehouse.sketchup.com
• [22] Rigmodels. (2024). Rigmodels. https://rigmodels.com
• [23] Sketchfab Inc. (2024). Sketchfab. https://sketchfab.com
• [24] Github. (2024). MR Toolkit. “GitHub”. https://github.com/microsoft/MixedRealityToolkit
• [25] Robinson, G., & Cook, N. (2018). Mineral processing education using virtual reality simulation. “Minerals Engineering”, 124, 115–120.
• [26] Smith, J., & Brown, T. (2020). Virtual reality and augmented reality in mineral processing education. “Journal of Mining Education”, 32, (4), 305–312.
• [27] Lee, S., & Wang, Y. (2019). Enhancing mineral processing education with virtual reality: An overview of applications. “International Journal of Mining Science and Technology”, 29(5), 821–827.
• [28] Corey. (2014). Cyclone Cluster. GrabCAD. https://grabcad.com/library/weir-cavex-cyclone-cluster-1
• [29] Damin, T. (2021). Hydrocyclone. GrabCAD. https://grabcad.com/library/hydrocyclone-7
• [30] Diaz, A. (2017). Mounting cone crusher. GrabCAD. https://grabcad.com/library/mounting-crusher-of-cone-1
• [31] Hadnoor, R. (2018). Gyratory cone crusher. GrabCAD. https://grabcad.com/library/mp-2500-gyratory-cone-crusher-1
• [32] Isobela, A. (2017). SAG mill. GrabCAD. https://grabcad.com/library/sag-mill-1
• [33] Nabi, H. (2012). Cone crusher. GrabCAD. https://grabcad.com/library/cone-crusher-6
• [34] Nitikin, S. (2019). Roll crusher. GrabCAD. https://grabcad.com/library/roll-crusher-2
• [35] Ochoa, N. (2023). Hammer crusher. GrabCAD. https://grabcad.com/library/hammer-crusher-4
• [36] Prelli, G. (2017). Bar-ball mill. GrabCAD. https://grabcad.com/library/ball-mill-9000x2100-silica-sand-milling-1
• [37] Prelli, G. (2017). Spiral classifier. GrabCAD. https://grabcad.com/library/spiral-classifier-1600-1
• [38] Saldias, D. (2011). Bar mill. GrabCAD. https://grabcad.com/library/bar-mill
• [39] Silvestre, S. (2014). Impact crusher. GrabCAD. https://grabcad.com/library/impact-crusher-1210-1
• [40] Silvestre, S. (2014). Jaw crusher. GrabCAD. https://grabcad.com/library/jaw-crusher-900x1200-1
• [41] Sing CAD. (2015). Rotary sieve machine. GrabCAD. https://grabcad.com/library/rotary-sieve-machine-1
• [42] Working Mechanical Engineer. (2023). Vibrating sieve. GrabCAD. https://grabcad.com/library/ongoing-project-vibrating-sieve-1
• [43] NTPS, (2024). Spiral Classifier. [http://ntpcrusher.com/](http://ntpcrusher.com/)
• [44] Lemans, (2024). SAG Mill. [http://www.lemans-917.com/portfolio/select-mills/](http://www.lemans-917.com/portfolio/select-mills/)
• [45] IndiaMart, (2024). Impact Crusher. [https://www.indiamart.com/proddetail/40-hp-impact-crusher-22808009748.html](https://www.indiamart.com/proddetail/40-hp-impact-crusher-22808009748.html)
• [46] TopMie, (2024). Hydrocyclone. [https://topmie.com/hydro-cyclone/](https://topmie.com/hydro-cyclone/)
• [47] FLSSchmidth, (2024). Gyratory Crusher. [https://www.flsmidth.com/en-gb/products/crushing-and-sizing/gyratory-crusher-pro](https://www.flsmidth.com/en-gb/products/crushing-and-sizing/gyratory-crusher-pro)
• [48] MineralDressing, (2024). Hydrocyclone. [https://mineraldressing.com/equipment/hydrocyclone/](https://mineraldressing.com/equipment/hydrocyclone/)
• [49] JSXMachine, (2024). Hammer Crusher. [https://www.jxscmachine.com/rock-crusher/hammer-crusher/](https://www.jxscmachine.com/rock-crusher/hammer-crusher/)
• [50] FLSSchmidth, (2024). Vibrating Sieve. [https://www.flsmidth.com/en-gb/products/screening/circular-vibrating-screen](https://www.flsmidth.com/en-gb/products/screening/circular-vibrating-screen)
• [51] JSXMachine, (2024). Ball-Rod Mill. [https://www.jxscmachine.com/rock-crusher/ball-mill/](https://www.jxscmachine.com/rock-crusher/ball-mill/)
• [52] JYCrusher, (2024). Ball Mill. [https://www.jycrusher.com/products/grinders-screens/ball-mill-machine/](https://www.jycrusher.com/products/grinders-screens/ball-mill-machine/)
• [53] Lincolm, (2024). Cone Crusher. [https://www.lincom.com.au/product/cone-crusher-module/](https://www.lincom.com.au/product/cone-crusher-module/)
• [54] Global Weir, (2024). Trio Jaw Crusher. [https://www.global.weir/brands/trio/](https://www.global.weir/brands/trio/)
• [55] Thyssenkrupp, (2024). Double Roll Crusher. [https://www.thyssenkrupp-polysius.com/en/products/crushing-technologies/double-roll-crusher](https://www.thyssenkrupp-polysius.com/en/products/crushing-technologies/double-roll-crusher)
• [56] KDZDS, (2024). Rotary Screen. [http://www.kdzds.com/jsfw/js10.html](http://www.kdzds.com/jsfw/js10.html)
• [57] Wills, B. A. and Finch J. A., (2016). Wills’ Mineral Processing Technology An Introduction to the Practical Aspects of Ore Treatment and Mineral Recovery, Eighth Edition, Butterworth-Heinemann is an imprint of Elsevier, ISBN: 978-0-08-097053-0.
• [58] Dunne, R. C., Kawatra S. K. And Young, C. A., (eds.), (2019). SME mineral processing and extractive metallurgy handbook. Society for Mining, Metallurgy & Exploration, 2258p.
• [59] Darling, P. (Ed.)., (2011). SME mining engineering handbook (Vol. 1). SME, 1840p.
• [60] Gürer, S., Surer, E., & Erkayaoğlu, M. (2023). MINING-VIRTUAL: A comprehensive virtual reality-based serious game for occupational health and safety training in underground mines. Safety Science, 166, 106226. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssci.2023.106226
• [61] Gürsoy, M., & Buyuksagis, I. S. (2024). Virtual reality in underground mining education: Enhancing machinery comprehension. Mining, Metallurgy & Exploration, 1-9. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssci.2023.106226
• [62] Özyurt, Ö., Cagiltay, N. E., Özyurt, H., & Akgün, A. (2021). A systematic review and mapping of the literature of virtual reality studies in earth science engineering education. Journal of Pedagogical Research, 5(2), 237-256. https://doi.org/10.33902/JPR.2021067651
• [63] Buyuksagis, I. S., & Gursoy, M. (2018, September). Augmented and virtual reality practices in the tunneling training. In 4th International Underground Excavation Symposium (pp. 433-448). Istanbul.
• [64] Buyuksagis, I. S., & Gursoy, M. (2018, September). Augmented and virtual reality practices in tunnel excavation training with drilling-blasting. In 4th International Underground Excavation Symposium (pp. 281-290). Istanbul.
• [65] Kıllıoğlu, S. Y. (2019). Development of virtual reality based serious games for mining industry [Doctoral dissertation, Hacettepe University].
• [66] Kıllıoğlu, S. Y. (2013). Usability of virtual reality in Turkish mining industry [Master's thesis, Hacettepe University].
• [67] Gursoy, M. (2020). Some virtual reality applications in underground mining education [Master's thesis, Afyon Kocatepe University].
• [68] Gürer, S. (2021). Development of a virtual reality-based serious game for occupational health and safety training in underground mining [Master's thesis, Middle East Technical University].
• [69] Sevim, N. (2014). The experiences of gamer and non-gamer mining engineering students in playing simulation game for educational purposes: A phenomenological study [Doctoral dissertation, Middle East Technical University].