Araştırma Makalesi
BibTex RIS Kaynak Göster

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 24 Sayı: 4, 1935 - 1950, 30.10.2025
https://doi.org/10.21547/jss.1612497

Öz

Kaynakça

  • Ahmed, A. K. (2009). The role of parliament in South Africa’s foreign policy development process: Lessons from the United States’ Congress. South African Journal of International Affairs, Vol: 16, No: 3, 291-310.
  • Ajam, K., Kevin, R., Lebogang, S., Smith, J. and Thakali, T. (2019). The A-Z of South African politics: People, parties and players. Johannesburg: Jacana Media.
  • Allison, G. (2012). The Cuban missile crisis. Smith, S., Hadfield, A. and Dunne, T. (Ed.). foreign policy: Theories, actors, cases (Second Edition, p. 273-274). Oxford: Oxford University Press.
  • Allison, G. T. (1971). Essence of decision: Explaining the Cuban missile crisis. Harper Collins Publishers.
  • Allison, G. T. and Halperin, M. H. (1972). Bureaucratic politics: A paradigm and some policy implications. World Politics. (Spring, Vol. 24, p. 40-79). Supplement: Theory and policy in international relations. Cambridge University Press.
  • Argun, S. (2000). Life and Contribution of Osmanli Scholar, Abu Bakr Effendi, Towards Islamic Thought and Culture in South Africa, (MA Dissertation), Johannesburg, University of Johannesburg
  • Bayram, M. (2020). Turkey and Africa in the context of south-south cooperation. Curr Res Soc Sci, 6(1), 39-51. doi: 10.30613/curesosc.594612
  • Bereket, M. (1994). Özgürlük savaşcısı-interview with Nelson Mandela. 32. Gün. Retrieved from https://www.ambproduction.com/
  • Biskin, A. (2020, September, 23). Güney Afrika'nın Cape Town kentine atanan ilk Başkonsolos Sinan Yeşildağ görevine başladı, Retrieved from https://www.tgrthaber.com/gundem/guney-afrikanin-cape-town-kentine-atanan-ilk-baskonsolos-sinan-yesildag-gorevine-basladi-2742194?s=1
  • Brewer, T. L. (1980). American foreign policy: A contemporary introduction. Engleeood Cliffs: Prentice-Hall. Bulger, P. (1992, May 13). Mandela turns down award from Turkey. Business Day.
  • Chikane, F. (2001). Democratic governance - a restructured presidency at work, Government Documents, Pretoria, Office of the Presidency, June.
  • Erişen, C. (2013). Dış politika analizi ve kuramsal yaklaşımlar. Erdoğan, M. M. (Ed.). Dış politika analizi. Eskişehir: Anadolu Üniversitesi Yayınları.
  • Gençoğlu, H. (2016). Güney Afrika’da Osmanlı İzleri, İstanbul: Tezkire Yayınları.
  • Goldstein, J. S. and Pevehouse, J. C. (2014). International relations. New York: Pearson.
  • Graham, S. (2018). A plurality of voices?: Domestic sources of South Africa’s foreign policy.
  • Masters, L. and Wyk, J. A. (Ed.). South African foreign policy review volume 3. South Africa: Africa Institute of South Africa.
  • Hill, C. (2003). The changing politics of foreign policy. New York: Palgrave MacMillan.
  • Janis, I. L. (1972). Victims of groupthink: A psychological study of foreign-policy decisions and fiascoes. Boston: Houghton Mifflin.
  • Kaya, S. (2023, September, 20). Cumhurbaşkanı Erdoğan, Güney Afrika Cumhuriyeti Cumhurbaşkanı Ramaphosa ile görüştü, Anadolu Ajansı, Retrieved from https://www.aa.com.tr/tr/gundem/cumhurbaskani-erdogan-guney-afrika-cumhuriyeti-cumhurbaskani-ramaphosa-ile-gorustu/2997138
  • Le Pere, G. and Nieuwkerk, A. (2004). Who made and makes foreign policy. Sidiropoulos, E. (Ed.). Apartheid past, renaissance future: South Africa’s foreign policy 1994-2004. Johannesburg: South African Institute of International Affairs.
  • Masters, L. (2012). Opening the “black box. Landsberg, C. and Wyk, J. A. (Ed.). South African foreign policy review volume 1. South Africa: Africa Institute of South Africa.
  • Landsberg, C., Masters, L., Wyk, A. and Siphamandla, Z. (2015). Principles and practice: South Africa’s foreign policy after two decades. Landsberg, C. et al (Ed.). South African foreign policy review volume 2. South Africa: Africa Institute of South Africa.
  • Milliyet. “G. Afrika ile diplomatik ilişki”, 19 August, 1991.
  • Milliyet. “Demirel: Tahrik var”, 14 June, 1992.
  • Milliyet. “Güney Afrika aldığımız helikopterleri vermiyor”, 11 August. 1997.
  • Milliyet. “‘Kırmızı liste’ yeniden”, 22 January, 1997.
  • Mills, G. and White, L. (2003). Towards an appropriate foreign representatives structure for South Africa. Burger, D. (Ed.). South African yearbook of international affairs 2002/03. South Africa: National Witness Commercial Printers (Pty) Limited.
  • Mthembu, P. (2018). South Africa’s economic diplomacy under the Zuma presidency.
  • Masters, L. and Wyk, J. A. (Ed.). South African foreign policy review volume 3. South Africa: Africa Institute of South Africa.
  • Neack, L. (2008). The new foreign policy: Power seeking in a globalized era, new millennium books in international studies, (Second Edition). Maryland: Rowman & Littlefield Publishers Inc.
  • Nieuwkerk, A. (2006). South Africa’s post-apartheid foreign policy decision-making on African crises. (Unpublished PhD Dissertation). University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg.
  • Nieuwkerk, A. (2018). Government departments and the challenges of integrated foreign policy-making. Landsberg, C. & Masters, L (Ed.). From the outside in: Domestic and South Africa’s foreign policy, Fanele.
  • Orakçı, S. (2011). The Ottoman Legacy in South Africa: A Historical Analysis of the Emerging Links Between South Africa and the Ottoman Empire Between 1861-1923. Lap Lambert Academic Publishing.
  • Özkan, M. (2011). Güney Afrika'nın Uluslararası Politikadaki Yeri ve Güney Afrika Dış Politikası. Türk Asya Stratejik Araştırmalar Merkezi, Retrieved from https://tasam.org/tr-TR/Icerik/3173/guney_afrikanin_uluslararasi_politikadaki_yeri_ve_guney_afrika_dis_politikasi
  • Pahad, A. (2005, March 1). Notes following briefing by Deputy Minister Aziz Pahad regarding incoming official visit by Turkish Prime Minister Recep Tayyip Erdogan. DIRCO, Union Buildings. Pretoria: Tuesday, Retrieved from http://www.dirco.gov.za/docs/speeches/2005/paha0302.htm
  • Peete, F. and Bateman, B. (2006, September 6). I love the ANC says COSATU’s Madisha. Independent Online. Retrieved from https://www.iol.co.za/news/politics/i-love-the-anc-says-cosatus-madisha-292456
  • Roux, L. L. (2003). The South African national defense force and its involvement in the defense review process. Williams, R., Cawthra, G. and Abrahams, D. (Ed.). Ourselves to know: Civil-military relations and defense transformation in Southern Africa. Pretoria: Institute for Security Studies.
  • SA Embassy in Ankara, “Foreign policy”, Retrieved from http://www.southafrica.org.tr/index.php/south-africa/foreign-policy
  • Snyder, R. C., Bruck, H. W. and Sapin, B. (1962). Decision-making as an approach to the study of international politics, Snyder, R. C., Bruck, H. W. and Sapin, B. (Ed.), Foreign policy decision-making: An approach to the study of international politics. New York: The Free Press of Glencore.
  • The constitution of the Republic of South Africa. (1996). Act 108 of 1996, Chapter 1, Section 1.
  • The South African general elections. (1994). Retrieved from https://www.sahistory.org.za/article/south-african-general-elections-1994
  • Tosun, M. (2024, January, 1). Cumhurbaşkanı Erdoğan, Güney Afrika Cumhurbaşkanı Ramaphosa ile telefonda görüştü, Anadolu Ajansı, Retrieved from https://www.aa.com.tr/tr/gundem/cumhurbaskani-erdogan-guney-afrika-cumhurbaskani-ramaphosa-ile-telefonda-gorustu/3118565#
  • Uçar, A. (2008). Unutulmayan Miras: Güney Afrika’da Osmanlılar. İstanbul: Çamlıca.
  • Ulgen, E. Ç. (2019) Turkey is a democracy-that’s a fact, Mail and Guardian, Right of Reply, Sello Ivan Phahle, 28.03.2019.
  • Wheeler, T. (2005). Turkey and South Africa: The development of relations 1860-2005. South African Institute of International Affairs. SAIIA Report No.47, Johannesburg.
  • Wyk, J. A. (2018). Special advisers and South Africa’s foreign policy. Masters, L. and Wyk, J. A. (Ed.). South African foreign policy review volume 3. South Africa: Africa Institute of South Africa.
  • Zondi, S. (2018). Debates on South African foreign policy and ideology: An Afro-decolonial meditation on the Mbeki-Zuma years. Masters, L. and Wyk, J. A. (Ed.). South African foreign policy review volume 3. South Africa: Africa Institute of South Africa.

Factors Affecting Post-Apartheid South African Foreign Policy: South Africa-Türkiye Relations

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 24 Sayı: 4, 1935 - 1950, 30.10.2025
https://doi.org/10.21547/jss.1612497

Öz

Foreign policy and decision-making approaches in international relations are closely related issues. Decision-making approaches serve as an important lens in understanding the background of foreign policy decisions. This study explains the foreign policy of the Republic of South Africa after the apartheid regime, which was officially overthrown in 1994, and South Africa’s relations with Türkiye through leaders, state and non-state institutions, using Graham Allison’s decision-making models. For South Africa, Türkiye has the largest trade volume among Central and Eastern European countries. Türkiye did not establish diplomatic relations with South Africa until the end of apartheid practices based on racial discrimination. However, after the collapse of the apartheid-based regime in South Africa, relations between the two countries could not be brought to the desired level. This article analyses the factors that have affected post-Apartheid South African policy, and more specifically, how these factors affected the post-Apartheid South Africa-Türkiye relations, in the context of Allison’s foreign policy decision-making models. The study adopted a qualitative research method and utilized the statements of official institutions as well as published documents, reports and news articles. The main research question of this study is how South African decision-makers make decisions regarding foreign policy and how these decisions are reflected in relations with Türkiye. In addition, this research examines the active actors in South African foreign policy and the impact of these actors on relations with Türkiye.

Kaynakça

  • Ahmed, A. K. (2009). The role of parliament in South Africa’s foreign policy development process: Lessons from the United States’ Congress. South African Journal of International Affairs, Vol: 16, No: 3, 291-310.
  • Ajam, K., Kevin, R., Lebogang, S., Smith, J. and Thakali, T. (2019). The A-Z of South African politics: People, parties and players. Johannesburg: Jacana Media.
  • Allison, G. (2012). The Cuban missile crisis. Smith, S., Hadfield, A. and Dunne, T. (Ed.). foreign policy: Theories, actors, cases (Second Edition, p. 273-274). Oxford: Oxford University Press.
  • Allison, G. T. (1971). Essence of decision: Explaining the Cuban missile crisis. Harper Collins Publishers.
  • Allison, G. T. and Halperin, M. H. (1972). Bureaucratic politics: A paradigm and some policy implications. World Politics. (Spring, Vol. 24, p. 40-79). Supplement: Theory and policy in international relations. Cambridge University Press.
  • Argun, S. (2000). Life and Contribution of Osmanli Scholar, Abu Bakr Effendi, Towards Islamic Thought and Culture in South Africa, (MA Dissertation), Johannesburg, University of Johannesburg
  • Bayram, M. (2020). Turkey and Africa in the context of south-south cooperation. Curr Res Soc Sci, 6(1), 39-51. doi: 10.30613/curesosc.594612
  • Bereket, M. (1994). Özgürlük savaşcısı-interview with Nelson Mandela. 32. Gün. Retrieved from https://www.ambproduction.com/
  • Biskin, A. (2020, September, 23). Güney Afrika'nın Cape Town kentine atanan ilk Başkonsolos Sinan Yeşildağ görevine başladı, Retrieved from https://www.tgrthaber.com/gundem/guney-afrikanin-cape-town-kentine-atanan-ilk-baskonsolos-sinan-yesildag-gorevine-basladi-2742194?s=1
  • Brewer, T. L. (1980). American foreign policy: A contemporary introduction. Engleeood Cliffs: Prentice-Hall. Bulger, P. (1992, May 13). Mandela turns down award from Turkey. Business Day.
  • Chikane, F. (2001). Democratic governance - a restructured presidency at work, Government Documents, Pretoria, Office of the Presidency, June.
  • Erişen, C. (2013). Dış politika analizi ve kuramsal yaklaşımlar. Erdoğan, M. M. (Ed.). Dış politika analizi. Eskişehir: Anadolu Üniversitesi Yayınları.
  • Gençoğlu, H. (2016). Güney Afrika’da Osmanlı İzleri, İstanbul: Tezkire Yayınları.
  • Goldstein, J. S. and Pevehouse, J. C. (2014). International relations. New York: Pearson.
  • Graham, S. (2018). A plurality of voices?: Domestic sources of South Africa’s foreign policy.
  • Masters, L. and Wyk, J. A. (Ed.). South African foreign policy review volume 3. South Africa: Africa Institute of South Africa.
  • Hill, C. (2003). The changing politics of foreign policy. New York: Palgrave MacMillan.
  • Janis, I. L. (1972). Victims of groupthink: A psychological study of foreign-policy decisions and fiascoes. Boston: Houghton Mifflin.
  • Kaya, S. (2023, September, 20). Cumhurbaşkanı Erdoğan, Güney Afrika Cumhuriyeti Cumhurbaşkanı Ramaphosa ile görüştü, Anadolu Ajansı, Retrieved from https://www.aa.com.tr/tr/gundem/cumhurbaskani-erdogan-guney-afrika-cumhuriyeti-cumhurbaskani-ramaphosa-ile-gorustu/2997138
  • Le Pere, G. and Nieuwkerk, A. (2004). Who made and makes foreign policy. Sidiropoulos, E. (Ed.). Apartheid past, renaissance future: South Africa’s foreign policy 1994-2004. Johannesburg: South African Institute of International Affairs.
  • Masters, L. (2012). Opening the “black box. Landsberg, C. and Wyk, J. A. (Ed.). South African foreign policy review volume 1. South Africa: Africa Institute of South Africa.
  • Landsberg, C., Masters, L., Wyk, A. and Siphamandla, Z. (2015). Principles and practice: South Africa’s foreign policy after two decades. Landsberg, C. et al (Ed.). South African foreign policy review volume 2. South Africa: Africa Institute of South Africa.
  • Milliyet. “G. Afrika ile diplomatik ilişki”, 19 August, 1991.
  • Milliyet. “Demirel: Tahrik var”, 14 June, 1992.
  • Milliyet. “Güney Afrika aldığımız helikopterleri vermiyor”, 11 August. 1997.
  • Milliyet. “‘Kırmızı liste’ yeniden”, 22 January, 1997.
  • Mills, G. and White, L. (2003). Towards an appropriate foreign representatives structure for South Africa. Burger, D. (Ed.). South African yearbook of international affairs 2002/03. South Africa: National Witness Commercial Printers (Pty) Limited.
  • Mthembu, P. (2018). South Africa’s economic diplomacy under the Zuma presidency.
  • Masters, L. and Wyk, J. A. (Ed.). South African foreign policy review volume 3. South Africa: Africa Institute of South Africa.
  • Neack, L. (2008). The new foreign policy: Power seeking in a globalized era, new millennium books in international studies, (Second Edition). Maryland: Rowman & Littlefield Publishers Inc.
  • Nieuwkerk, A. (2006). South Africa’s post-apartheid foreign policy decision-making on African crises. (Unpublished PhD Dissertation). University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg.
  • Nieuwkerk, A. (2018). Government departments and the challenges of integrated foreign policy-making. Landsberg, C. & Masters, L (Ed.). From the outside in: Domestic and South Africa’s foreign policy, Fanele.
  • Orakçı, S. (2011). The Ottoman Legacy in South Africa: A Historical Analysis of the Emerging Links Between South Africa and the Ottoman Empire Between 1861-1923. Lap Lambert Academic Publishing.
  • Özkan, M. (2011). Güney Afrika'nın Uluslararası Politikadaki Yeri ve Güney Afrika Dış Politikası. Türk Asya Stratejik Araştırmalar Merkezi, Retrieved from https://tasam.org/tr-TR/Icerik/3173/guney_afrikanin_uluslararasi_politikadaki_yeri_ve_guney_afrika_dis_politikasi
  • Pahad, A. (2005, March 1). Notes following briefing by Deputy Minister Aziz Pahad regarding incoming official visit by Turkish Prime Minister Recep Tayyip Erdogan. DIRCO, Union Buildings. Pretoria: Tuesday, Retrieved from http://www.dirco.gov.za/docs/speeches/2005/paha0302.htm
  • Peete, F. and Bateman, B. (2006, September 6). I love the ANC says COSATU’s Madisha. Independent Online. Retrieved from https://www.iol.co.za/news/politics/i-love-the-anc-says-cosatus-madisha-292456
  • Roux, L. L. (2003). The South African national defense force and its involvement in the defense review process. Williams, R., Cawthra, G. and Abrahams, D. (Ed.). Ourselves to know: Civil-military relations and defense transformation in Southern Africa. Pretoria: Institute for Security Studies.
  • SA Embassy in Ankara, “Foreign policy”, Retrieved from http://www.southafrica.org.tr/index.php/south-africa/foreign-policy
  • Snyder, R. C., Bruck, H. W. and Sapin, B. (1962). Decision-making as an approach to the study of international politics, Snyder, R. C., Bruck, H. W. and Sapin, B. (Ed.), Foreign policy decision-making: An approach to the study of international politics. New York: The Free Press of Glencore.
  • The constitution of the Republic of South Africa. (1996). Act 108 of 1996, Chapter 1, Section 1.
  • The South African general elections. (1994). Retrieved from https://www.sahistory.org.za/article/south-african-general-elections-1994
  • Tosun, M. (2024, January, 1). Cumhurbaşkanı Erdoğan, Güney Afrika Cumhurbaşkanı Ramaphosa ile telefonda görüştü, Anadolu Ajansı, Retrieved from https://www.aa.com.tr/tr/gundem/cumhurbaskani-erdogan-guney-afrika-cumhurbaskani-ramaphosa-ile-telefonda-gorustu/3118565#
  • Uçar, A. (2008). Unutulmayan Miras: Güney Afrika’da Osmanlılar. İstanbul: Çamlıca.
  • Ulgen, E. Ç. (2019) Turkey is a democracy-that’s a fact, Mail and Guardian, Right of Reply, Sello Ivan Phahle, 28.03.2019.
  • Wheeler, T. (2005). Turkey and South Africa: The development of relations 1860-2005. South African Institute of International Affairs. SAIIA Report No.47, Johannesburg.
  • Wyk, J. A. (2018). Special advisers and South Africa’s foreign policy. Masters, L. and Wyk, J. A. (Ed.). South African foreign policy review volume 3. South Africa: Africa Institute of South Africa.
  • Zondi, S. (2018). Debates on South African foreign policy and ideology: An Afro-decolonial meditation on the Mbeki-Zuma years. Masters, L. and Wyk, J. A. (Ed.). South African foreign policy review volume 3. South Africa: Africa Institute of South Africa.

Apartheid Sonrası Güney Afrika Dış Politikasını Etkileyen Faktörler: Güney Afrika-Türkiye İlişkileri

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 24 Sayı: 4, 1935 - 1950, 30.10.2025
https://doi.org/10.21547/jss.1612497

Öz

Uluslararası ilişkilerde dış politika ve karar verme yaklaşımları birbirleri ile yakından ilişkili konulardır. Karar verme yaklaşımları, dış politika kararlarının arka planını anlamak açısından önemli bir mercek görevi görmektedir. Bu çalışma, Graham Allison’un karar verme modelleri üzerinden 1994’te resmi olarak yıkılan, ırk ayrımına dayalı apartheid rejimi sonrası Güney Afrika Cumhuriyeti dış politikasını ve Güney Afrika’nın Türkiye ile olan ilişkilerini liderler, devlet ve devlet dışı kurumlar üzerinden açıklamaktadır. Güney Afrika için Türkiye, Orta ve Doğu Avrupa ülkeleri arasında en büyük ticaret hacmine sahip bir ülkedir. Türkiye ise ırk ayrımına dayalı Apartheid uygulamaların ortadan kalkmasına kadar Güney Afrika ile diplomatik ilişki kurmamıştır. Ancak ırk ayrımına dayalı rejiminin Güney Afrika’da yıkılmasından sonra iki ülke ilişkileri istenilen seviyeye çıkarılamamıştır. Bu çalışma, apartheid sonrası Güney Afrika dış politikasına ve dış politikayı etkileyen faktörlere odaklanarak, Allison’un dış politika karar verme modelleri bağlamında apartheid sonrası Güney Afrika-Türkiye ilişkileri analiz edilmektedir. Çalışmada nitel bir araştırma metodu benimsenerek resmî kurumlarının açıklamalarının yanı sıra yayımlanan belge, rapor ve haber makalelerinden faydalanılmıştır. Bu çalışmanın temel araştırma sorusu, Güney Afrika karar vericilerinin dış politikaya yönelik olarak nasıl karar aldıkları ve bu kararların Türkiye ile olan ilişkilere nasıl yansıdığıdır. Ayrıca bu çalışma ile Güney Afrika dış politikasındaki etkin aktörler ve bu aktörlerin Türkiye ile olan ilişkilere etkisi araştırılmaktadır.

Etik Beyan

Ekli makale: bilimsel ahlak ve değerlere uygun olarak tarafımca hazırlanmıştır. Makalemin fikri tümüyle bana aittir. Makaledeki bütün bilgiler akademik kurallara ve etik ilkelere uygun olarak hazırlanıp, bu kural ve ilkeler gereği, çalışmada bana ait olmayan tüm veri, düşünce ve sonuçlara atıf yapılmış ve kaynak gösterilmiştir. Yukarıda belirtilen hususların doğruluğunu beyan ederim.

Destekleyen Kurum

Herhangi bir destek alınmamıştır.

Kaynakça

  • Ahmed, A. K. (2009). The role of parliament in South Africa’s foreign policy development process: Lessons from the United States’ Congress. South African Journal of International Affairs, Vol: 16, No: 3, 291-310.
  • Ajam, K., Kevin, R., Lebogang, S., Smith, J. and Thakali, T. (2019). The A-Z of South African politics: People, parties and players. Johannesburg: Jacana Media.
  • Allison, G. (2012). The Cuban missile crisis. Smith, S., Hadfield, A. and Dunne, T. (Ed.). foreign policy: Theories, actors, cases (Second Edition, p. 273-274). Oxford: Oxford University Press.
  • Allison, G. T. (1971). Essence of decision: Explaining the Cuban missile crisis. Harper Collins Publishers.
  • Allison, G. T. and Halperin, M. H. (1972). Bureaucratic politics: A paradigm and some policy implications. World Politics. (Spring, Vol. 24, p. 40-79). Supplement: Theory and policy in international relations. Cambridge University Press.
  • Argun, S. (2000). Life and Contribution of Osmanli Scholar, Abu Bakr Effendi, Towards Islamic Thought and Culture in South Africa, (MA Dissertation), Johannesburg, University of Johannesburg
  • Bayram, M. (2020). Turkey and Africa in the context of south-south cooperation. Curr Res Soc Sci, 6(1), 39-51. doi: 10.30613/curesosc.594612
  • Bereket, M. (1994). Özgürlük savaşcısı-interview with Nelson Mandela. 32. Gün. Retrieved from https://www.ambproduction.com/
  • Biskin, A. (2020, September, 23). Güney Afrika'nın Cape Town kentine atanan ilk Başkonsolos Sinan Yeşildağ görevine başladı, Retrieved from https://www.tgrthaber.com/gundem/guney-afrikanin-cape-town-kentine-atanan-ilk-baskonsolos-sinan-yesildag-gorevine-basladi-2742194?s=1
  • Brewer, T. L. (1980). American foreign policy: A contemporary introduction. Engleeood Cliffs: Prentice-Hall. Bulger, P. (1992, May 13). Mandela turns down award from Turkey. Business Day.
  • Chikane, F. (2001). Democratic governance - a restructured presidency at work, Government Documents, Pretoria, Office of the Presidency, June.
  • Erişen, C. (2013). Dış politika analizi ve kuramsal yaklaşımlar. Erdoğan, M. M. (Ed.). Dış politika analizi. Eskişehir: Anadolu Üniversitesi Yayınları.
  • Gençoğlu, H. (2016). Güney Afrika’da Osmanlı İzleri, İstanbul: Tezkire Yayınları.
  • Goldstein, J. S. and Pevehouse, J. C. (2014). International relations. New York: Pearson.
  • Graham, S. (2018). A plurality of voices?: Domestic sources of South Africa’s foreign policy.
  • Masters, L. and Wyk, J. A. (Ed.). South African foreign policy review volume 3. South Africa: Africa Institute of South Africa.
  • Hill, C. (2003). The changing politics of foreign policy. New York: Palgrave MacMillan.
  • Janis, I. L. (1972). Victims of groupthink: A psychological study of foreign-policy decisions and fiascoes. Boston: Houghton Mifflin.
  • Kaya, S. (2023, September, 20). Cumhurbaşkanı Erdoğan, Güney Afrika Cumhuriyeti Cumhurbaşkanı Ramaphosa ile görüştü, Anadolu Ajansı, Retrieved from https://www.aa.com.tr/tr/gundem/cumhurbaskani-erdogan-guney-afrika-cumhuriyeti-cumhurbaskani-ramaphosa-ile-gorustu/2997138
  • Le Pere, G. and Nieuwkerk, A. (2004). Who made and makes foreign policy. Sidiropoulos, E. (Ed.). Apartheid past, renaissance future: South Africa’s foreign policy 1994-2004. Johannesburg: South African Institute of International Affairs.
  • Masters, L. (2012). Opening the “black box. Landsberg, C. and Wyk, J. A. (Ed.). South African foreign policy review volume 1. South Africa: Africa Institute of South Africa.
  • Landsberg, C., Masters, L., Wyk, A. and Siphamandla, Z. (2015). Principles and practice: South Africa’s foreign policy after two decades. Landsberg, C. et al (Ed.). South African foreign policy review volume 2. South Africa: Africa Institute of South Africa.
  • Milliyet. “G. Afrika ile diplomatik ilişki”, 19 August, 1991.
  • Milliyet. “Demirel: Tahrik var”, 14 June, 1992.
  • Milliyet. “Güney Afrika aldığımız helikopterleri vermiyor”, 11 August. 1997.
  • Milliyet. “‘Kırmızı liste’ yeniden”, 22 January, 1997.
  • Mills, G. and White, L. (2003). Towards an appropriate foreign representatives structure for South Africa. Burger, D. (Ed.). South African yearbook of international affairs 2002/03. South Africa: National Witness Commercial Printers (Pty) Limited.
  • Mthembu, P. (2018). South Africa’s economic diplomacy under the Zuma presidency.
  • Masters, L. and Wyk, J. A. (Ed.). South African foreign policy review volume 3. South Africa: Africa Institute of South Africa.
  • Neack, L. (2008). The new foreign policy: Power seeking in a globalized era, new millennium books in international studies, (Second Edition). Maryland: Rowman & Littlefield Publishers Inc.
  • Nieuwkerk, A. (2006). South Africa’s post-apartheid foreign policy decision-making on African crises. (Unpublished PhD Dissertation). University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg.
  • Nieuwkerk, A. (2018). Government departments and the challenges of integrated foreign policy-making. Landsberg, C. & Masters, L (Ed.). From the outside in: Domestic and South Africa’s foreign policy, Fanele.
  • Orakçı, S. (2011). The Ottoman Legacy in South Africa: A Historical Analysis of the Emerging Links Between South Africa and the Ottoman Empire Between 1861-1923. Lap Lambert Academic Publishing.
  • Özkan, M. (2011). Güney Afrika'nın Uluslararası Politikadaki Yeri ve Güney Afrika Dış Politikası. Türk Asya Stratejik Araştırmalar Merkezi, Retrieved from https://tasam.org/tr-TR/Icerik/3173/guney_afrikanin_uluslararasi_politikadaki_yeri_ve_guney_afrika_dis_politikasi
  • Pahad, A. (2005, March 1). Notes following briefing by Deputy Minister Aziz Pahad regarding incoming official visit by Turkish Prime Minister Recep Tayyip Erdogan. DIRCO, Union Buildings. Pretoria: Tuesday, Retrieved from http://www.dirco.gov.za/docs/speeches/2005/paha0302.htm
  • Peete, F. and Bateman, B. (2006, September 6). I love the ANC says COSATU’s Madisha. Independent Online. Retrieved from https://www.iol.co.za/news/politics/i-love-the-anc-says-cosatus-madisha-292456
  • Roux, L. L. (2003). The South African national defense force and its involvement in the defense review process. Williams, R., Cawthra, G. and Abrahams, D. (Ed.). Ourselves to know: Civil-military relations and defense transformation in Southern Africa. Pretoria: Institute for Security Studies.
  • SA Embassy in Ankara, “Foreign policy”, Retrieved from http://www.southafrica.org.tr/index.php/south-africa/foreign-policy
  • Snyder, R. C., Bruck, H. W. and Sapin, B. (1962). Decision-making as an approach to the study of international politics, Snyder, R. C., Bruck, H. W. and Sapin, B. (Ed.), Foreign policy decision-making: An approach to the study of international politics. New York: The Free Press of Glencore.
  • The constitution of the Republic of South Africa. (1996). Act 108 of 1996, Chapter 1, Section 1.
  • The South African general elections. (1994). Retrieved from https://www.sahistory.org.za/article/south-african-general-elections-1994
  • Tosun, M. (2024, January, 1). Cumhurbaşkanı Erdoğan, Güney Afrika Cumhurbaşkanı Ramaphosa ile telefonda görüştü, Anadolu Ajansı, Retrieved from https://www.aa.com.tr/tr/gundem/cumhurbaskani-erdogan-guney-afrika-cumhurbaskani-ramaphosa-ile-telefonda-gorustu/3118565#
  • Uçar, A. (2008). Unutulmayan Miras: Güney Afrika’da Osmanlılar. İstanbul: Çamlıca.
  • Ulgen, E. Ç. (2019) Turkey is a democracy-that’s a fact, Mail and Guardian, Right of Reply, Sello Ivan Phahle, 28.03.2019.
  • Wheeler, T. (2005). Turkey and South Africa: The development of relations 1860-2005. South African Institute of International Affairs. SAIIA Report No.47, Johannesburg.
  • Wyk, J. A. (2018). Special advisers and South Africa’s foreign policy. Masters, L. and Wyk, J. A. (Ed.). South African foreign policy review volume 3. South Africa: Africa Institute of South Africa.
  • Zondi, S. (2018). Debates on South African foreign policy and ideology: An Afro-decolonial meditation on the Mbeki-Zuma years. Masters, L. and Wyk, J. A. (Ed.). South African foreign policy review volume 3. South Africa: Africa Institute of South Africa.
Toplam 47 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Konular Afrika Çalışmaları
Bölüm Siyaset Bilimi ve Uluslararası İlişkiler
Yazarlar

Gokhan Kahraman 0000-0001-7064-9890

Yayımlanma Tarihi 30 Ekim 2025
Gönderilme Tarihi 3 Ocak 2025
Kabul Tarihi 24 Eylül 2025
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2025 Cilt: 24 Sayı: 4

Kaynak Göster

APA Kahraman, G. (2025). Factors Affecting Post-Apartheid South African Foreign Policy: South Africa-Türkiye Relations. Gaziantep Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 24(4), 1935-1950. https://doi.org/10.21547/jss.1612497