Akıllı destinasyon: Turizm, inovasyon, girişimcilik ve çözüm bekleyen konular

Öz

Turizm, esasen “deneyim” üreten bir sektördür. Turizm, pazar ve çevresinde meydana gelen gelişmelerden doğrudan etkilenir. Son yıllarda turizmde inovasyon ve yeni girişimcilik alanları teknoloji yoğun olanlara kaymaktadır. Bu çalışmanın ana amacı, teknolojinin turizm destinasyonlarında inovasyon ve girişimcilik üzerine etkisini örnekler yoluyla ortaya koymaktır. Çalışma akıllı teknolojilerin, turizm sektörünün çeşitli alt bileşenlerini uzun bir zamandır etkilediğine dikkat çekmektedir. Destinasyonlar, kentsel altyapıda kullanılan teknoloji ve uygulamalar sonucunda birer “akıllı destinasyon”a dönüşmektedir. Verimliliği ve deneyim kalitesini artıran akıllı destinasyon uygulamalarının kullanımının günden güne yaygınlaşacağı anlaşılmaktadır. Örnek olaylar ve başarılı dünya örneklerinin incelenmesi, mevcut araştırmada, turizmde yaşanan teknolojik dönüşümde karşılaşılması olası zorlukların çalışılmasında ana yöntemler olmuştur. Çalışma sonuçlarının, destinasyonlarda yerel halkın hayatını kolaylaştırmaya da gerekli özeni gösterecek şekilde, turizmde verimlilik ve deneyim kalitesi artışına katkı vermesi beklenmektedir    

Anahtar Kelimeler

• akıllı destinasyon,turizm,inovasyon,girişimcilik,çözüm bekleyen konular

Smart destination: Tourism, innovation, entrepreneurship, challenges

Abstract

Tourism is a sector that fundamentally produces “experience”. Tourism is affected by advancement in the market and its environment. In recent years, innovation and new entrepreneurship in tourism are shifting to technology-intensive ones. The main aim of this study is to show the impact of technology on the areas of innovation and entrepreneurship in tourism destinations through examples. The study has shown that smart technologies have affected various tourism subcomponents for a long time. The destination has turned into “smart destination”, as a result of using technology and applications in city infrastructure. Smart destination applications are expected to extend in usage due to their increasing effect on productivity and experience quality. Investigating case studies and successful world examples have been the main method followed in the current research for examining challenges in technological transformation in tourism destinations. The results of the study are expected to support an increase in tourism productivity and experience quality by also paying sufficient attention to facilitating the daily life of local people.    

Keywords

• smart destination
• tourism
• innovation
• entrepreneurship
• challenges

References

1. Bessant, j. & Tidd, J. (2015), Innovation and Entrepreneurship (3rd Edition), UK: John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
2. Berrone, P. & Ricart, J.E. (2017). IESE cities in motion index 2017. Retrieved from http://www.iese.edu/research/pdfs/ST-0442-E.pdf?_ga=2.138617841.350304503.1509186746-186144533.1507035351
3. Broadband Commission for Sustainable Development, (2016). The State of broadband: Broadband catalyzing sustainable development. Retrieved from http://www.broadbandcommission.org/Documents/reports/bb-annualreport2016.pdf
4. Buntz, B. (2016, May 18). The world’s 5 smartest cities. Internet of Things. Retrieved from http://www.ioti.com/smart-cities/world-s-5-smartest-cities
5. Carritech Telecommunications. (2017). Smart city infrastructure: Li-Fi, LoRa, and network slicing. Retrieved from http://www.carritech.com/news/smart-city-infrastructure-li-fi-lora-network-slicing
6. Colldahl, C., Sonya, F. & Kelemen, J.E. (2013). Smart cities: Strategic sustainable development for an urban world [Unpublished Master’s Degree Thesis]. Retrieved from http://www.diva-portal.org/smash/get/diva2:832150/FULLTEXT01.pdf
7. Couzineau-Zegwaard, E., Barabel, M., & Meier, O. (2013). From smart grid to smart city business ecosystem: Strategy to define the proper legitimacy for an energy utility firm. Electric Vehicle Symposium and Exhibition (EVS27), 2013 World, 1-11. Retrieved from http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?arnumber=6914871
8. Hedrick-Wong, Y. & Choong, D. (2016). Global destination cities index by Mastercard. Retrieved from https://newsroom.mastercard.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/09/FINAL-Global-Destination-Cities-Index-Report.pdf

9. Hollands, R. G. (2008). Will the real smart city please stand up? Intelligent, progressive or entrepreneurial? City, 12(3), 303-320.
10. Krimmling, j. & Peter, S. (2014). Integration and evaluation of intrusion detection for CoAP in smart city applications. Communications and Network Security (CNS), 2014 IEEE Conference. Retrieved from http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?arnumber=6997468
11. Menendez, C. (2017). Defining what makes a city a destination. Retrieved from https://newsroom.mastercard.com/press-releases/defining-what-makes-a-city-a-destination
12. Merli, M. Z., & Bonollo, E. (2014). Performance measurement in the smart cities. In Dameri, R. P. & Rosenthal-Sabroux, C. (Eds.), Smart City (139–155). Cham, Switzerland: Springer. Retrieved from https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-319-06160-3_7
13. Nijman, H. (2011). Urban communication pavilion: the design of a multifunctional interactive object to introduce the smart city paradigm in public space (B.S. thesis). Retrieved from http://essay.utwente.nl/65146/
14. Roland Berger. (2017). Think Act: Smart city, smart strategy. Retrieved from https://www.rolandberger.com/publications/publication_pdf/ta_17_008_smart_cities_online.pdf
15. Skelia. (2017, July 27). Smart solutions for smart cities: are we there yet? [Blog]. Retrieved from https://skelia.com/articles/smart-solutions-for-smart-cities-are-we-there-yet
16. Vaquero, M. G., & Saiz-Alvarez, J. M. (2016). Smart cities in Spain–Policy, sustainability, and the national plan: New political measures, agents, and sustainability. In Goswami, A (Eds.), Economic modeling, analysis, and policy for sustainability, 266-283. Hershey, PE: IGI Global.