Professionals' perspectives on ChatGPT in the tourism industry: Does it inspire awe or concern?
Yıl 2023,
Cilt: 9 Sayı: 2, 61 - 77, 30.09.2023
Şirvan Şen Demir
,
Mahmut Demir
Öz
The tourism industry has witnessed significant transformations in recent years with the integration of artificial intelligence (AI) technologies. This study explores the echoes surrounding the use of ChatGPT in the tourism industry, focusing on the balance between convenience and challenges. The findings presented in this study are based on interviews conducted with professionals from various fields within the tourism industry. The integration of ChatGPT in the tourism industry brings both convenience and challenges to the forefront. It has become apparent that discussions regarding ChatGPT's advantages, such as value creation for tourism businesses and customers, as well as its disadvantages, such as the lack of human touch and potential data security risks, will persist within the tourism industry.
Kaynakça
- Akter, S., Hossain, M.A., Sajib, S., Sultana, S., Rahman, M., Vrontis, D., & McCarthy, G. (2023). A framework for AI-powered service innovation capability: Review and agenda for future research. Technovation, 125, 1-17.
- Ali, F. (2023). Let the devil speak for itself: Should ChatGPT be allowed or banned in hospitality and tourism schools?. Journal of Global Hospitality and Tourism, 2(1), 1-6.
- Arici, H.E., Saydam, M.B., & Koseoglu, M.A. (2023). How Do Customers React to Technology in the Hospitality and Tourism Industry? Journal of Hospitality & Tourism Research, https://doi.org/10.1177/10963480231168609
- Ausat, A.M.A., Azzaakiyyah, H.K., Permana, R.M., Riady, Y., & Suherlan, S. (2023). The Role of ChatGPT in Enabling MSMEs to Compete in the Digital Age. Innovative: Journal Of Social Science Research, 3(2), 622-631.
- Bahrini, A., Khamoshifar, M., Abbasimehr, H., Riggs, R.J., Esmaeili, M., Majdabadkohne, R. M., & Pasehvar, M. (2023). Systems and Information Engineering Design Symposium (SIEDS), Charlottesville, VA, USA, 2023, pp. 274-279, doi: 10.1109/SIEDS58326.2023.10137850.
- Bowden, C., & Galindo-Gonzalez, S. (2015). Interviewing when you’re not face-to-face: The use of email interviews in a phenomenological study. International Journal of Doctoral Studies, 10(12), 79-92.
- Boyatzis, R.E. (1998). Transforming qualitative information: Thematic analysis and code development. Sage Publications Inc., Thousand Oaks, CA.
- Burger, B., Kanbach, D.K., Kraus, S., Breier, M., & Corvello, V. (2023). On the use of AI-based tools like ChatGPT to support management research. European Journal of Innovation Management, 26(7), 233-241.
- Cai, W., Richter, S., & McKenna, B. (2019). Progress on technology use in tourism. Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Technology, 10(4), 651-672.
- Carvalho, I., & Ivanov, S. (2023). ChatGPT for tourism: applications, benefits and risks. Tourism Review, 1-14. https://doi.org/10.1108/TR-02-2023-0088
- Charmaz, K. & Bryant, B. (2010). Grounded Theory. In (Eds.) P. Peterson, E. Baker, B. McGaw, International Encyclopedia of Education (third ed.), Elsevier, Oxford (2010), pp. 406-412
- Chaturvedi, R., Verma, S., Das, R., & Dwivedi, Y.K. (2023). Social companionship with artificial intelligence: Recent trends and future avenues. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 193, 1-20.
- Corbin, J. & Strauss, A. (2008). Basics of qualitative research: Procedures and techniques for developing grounded theory (3rd ed.), Sage, Thousand Oaks, CA.
- Creswell, J.W., & Creswell, J.D. (2018). Research Design: Qualitative, Quantitative, and Mixed Methods Approaches. Sage Publications.
- Creswell, J.W. (2013). Qualitative Inquiry and Research Design: Choosing Among Five Approaches. Sage publications, Thousand Oaks, California.
- Demir, M. & Demir, Ş.Ş. (2015). Otel işletmelerinde yenilik yönetimi: ilkeler ve örnekler. Ankara: Detay Yayıncılık.
- Demir, M., Demir, Ş.Ş., & Aktürk, O. (2023). The Effects of Distance Education Capabilities and Competencies on Learning Outcomes During COVID-19 in Higher Education Institutions. Journal of Hospitality & Tourism Education, 1-12. https://doi.org/10.1080/10963758.2023.2191966
- Demir, M., Demir, Ş.Ş. & Yaşar, E. (2022). Big data and innovative organizational performance: Evidence from a moderated‐mediated model. Creativity and Innovation Management, 31(4), 696-709.
- Demir, M., Yaşar, E. & Demir, Ş.Ş. (2023). Digital transformation and human resources planning: the mediating role of innovation. Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Technology, 14(1), 21-36. https://doi.org/10.1108/JHTT-04-2021-0105
- Deng, J., & Lin, Y. (2022). The Benefits and Challenges of ChatGPT: An Overview. Frontiers in Computing and Intelligent Systems, 2(2), 81-83.
- Dingwall, R., Murphy, E., Watson, P., Greatbatch, D., & Parker, S. (1998). Catching goldfish: Quality in qualitative research. Journal of Health Services Research and Policy, 3(3), 167-172.
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- Dwivedi, Y.K., Kshetri, N., Hughes, L., Slade, E.L., Jeyaraj, A., Kar, A.K., ... & Wright, R. (2023a). “So what if ChatGPT wrote it?” Multidisciplinary perspectives on opportunities, challenges and implications of generative conversational AI for research, practice and policy. International Journal of Information Management, 71, 1-63. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijinfomgt.2023.102642
- Dwivedi, Y.K., Sharma, A., Rana, N.P., Giannakis, M., Goel, P., & Dutot, V. (2023b). Evolution of artificial intelligence research in Technological Forecasting and Social Change: Research topics, trends, and future directions. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 192, 1-17. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techfore.2023.122579
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- Fusté-Forné, F., & Orea-Giner, A. (2023). Gastronomy in tourism management and marketing: an interview with ChatGPT. ROBONOMICS: The Journal of the Automated Economy, 4, 1-13.
- George, A.S., & George, A.H. (2023). A review of ChatGPT AI's impact on several business sectors. Partners Universal International Innovation Journal, 1(1), 9-23.
- Gupta, B., Mufti, T., Sohail, S.S., & Madsen, D. Ø. (2023). ChatGPT: A Brief Narrative Review. Preprints.org. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202304.0158.v1
- Gursoy, D., Li, Y., & Song, H. (2023). ChatGPT and the hospitality and tourism industry: an overview of current trends and future research directions. Journal of Hospitality Marketing & Management, 1-14.
- Haleem, A., Javaid, M., & Singh, R.P. (2022). An era of ChatGPT as a significant futuristic support tool: A study on features, abilities, and challenges. BenchCouncil Transactions on Benchmarks, Standards and Evaluations, 2(4), 1-8.
- Harahap, M.A.K., Ausat, A.M.A., Rachman, A., Riady, Y., & Azzaakiyyah, H.K. (2023). Overview of ChatGPT Technology and its Potential in Improving Tourism Information Services. Jurnal Minfo Polgan, 12(2), 424-431.
- Hassani, H., & Silva, E.S. (2023). The role of ChatGPT in data science: how ai-assisted conversational interfaces are revolutionizing the field. Big Data and Cognitive Computing, 7(2), 1-16.
- Hewson, C., & Laurent, D. (2008). Research design and tools for internet research. In N. Fielding, R. Lee, G. Blank (Eds.), The Sage Handbook of Online Research Methods, Sage, London, pp. 58-78.
- Huang, Y.C., Chang, L.L., Yu, C.P., & Chen, J. (2019). Examining an extended technology acceptance model with experience construct on hotel consumers’ adoption of mobile applications. Journal of Hospitality Marketing & Management, 28(8), 957-980.
- Iskender, A. (2023). Holy or unholy? Interview with open AI’s ChatGPT. European Journal of Tourism Research, 34, 1-11.
- Ivanov, S., & Soliman, M. (2023). Game of algorithms: ChatGPT implications for the future of tourism education and research. Journal of Tourism Futures, 1-8. https://doi.org/10.1108/JTF-02-2023-0038
- Jockims, T.L. (2023). ChatGPT and generative A.I. are already changing the way we book trips and travel. https://www.cnbc.com/2023/04/22/how-chatgpt-generative-ai-are-changing-how-we-book (accessed 22 April 2023).
- Johnson, R.H. (2012). Manifest rationality: A pragmatic theory of argument. Routledge, New Jersey.
- Kalla, D., & Smith, N. (2023). Study and Analysis of Chat GPT and its Impact on Different Fields of Study. International Journal of Innovative Science and Research Technology, 8(3), 1-7.
- Korzynski, P., Mazurek, G., Altmann, A., Ejdys, J., Kazlauskaite, R., Paliszkiewicz, J., Wach, K., & Ziemba, E. (2023). Generative artificial intelligence as a new context for management theories: analysis of ChatGPT. Central European Management Journal, 1-11. https://doi.org/10.1108/CEMJ-02-2023-0091
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- Lee, T.W. (1999). Using Qualitative Methods in Organizational Research. Sage, Thousand Oaks, CA.
- Lehrer, C., Wieneke, A., Vom Brocke, J.A.N., Jung, R., & Seidel, S. (2018). How big data analytics enables service innovation: materiality, affordance, and the individualization of service. Journal of Management Information Systems, 35(2), 424-460.
- Mehrolia, S., Alagarsamy, S., Moorthy, V., & Jeevananda, S. (2023). Will Users Continue Using Banking Chatbots? The Moderating Role of Perceived Risk. FIIB Business Review, 1-19. https://doi.org/10.1177/23197145231169900
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- Mondal, S., Das, S., & Vrana, V.G. (2023). How to bell the cat? A theoretical review of generative artificial intelligence towards digital disruption in all walks of life. Technologies, 11(2), 1-17.
- Panda, S., & Kaur, N. (2023). Exploring the viability of ChatGPT as an alternative to traditional chatbot systems in library and information centers. Library Hi Tech News, 40(3), 22-25.
- Paul, J., Ueno, A., & Dennis, C. (2023). ChatGPT and consumers: benefits, pitfalls and future research Agenda. International Journal of Consumer Studies, 1-13.
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Yıl 2023,
Cilt: 9 Sayı: 2, 61 - 77, 30.09.2023
Şirvan Şen Demir
,
Mahmut Demir
Kaynakça
- Akter, S., Hossain, M.A., Sajib, S., Sultana, S., Rahman, M., Vrontis, D., & McCarthy, G. (2023). A framework for AI-powered service innovation capability: Review and agenda for future research. Technovation, 125, 1-17.
- Ali, F. (2023). Let the devil speak for itself: Should ChatGPT be allowed or banned in hospitality and tourism schools?. Journal of Global Hospitality and Tourism, 2(1), 1-6.
- Arici, H.E., Saydam, M.B., & Koseoglu, M.A. (2023). How Do Customers React to Technology in the Hospitality and Tourism Industry? Journal of Hospitality & Tourism Research, https://doi.org/10.1177/10963480231168609
- Ausat, A.M.A., Azzaakiyyah, H.K., Permana, R.M., Riady, Y., & Suherlan, S. (2023). The Role of ChatGPT in Enabling MSMEs to Compete in the Digital Age. Innovative: Journal Of Social Science Research, 3(2), 622-631.
- Bahrini, A., Khamoshifar, M., Abbasimehr, H., Riggs, R.J., Esmaeili, M., Majdabadkohne, R. M., & Pasehvar, M. (2023). Systems and Information Engineering Design Symposium (SIEDS), Charlottesville, VA, USA, 2023, pp. 274-279, doi: 10.1109/SIEDS58326.2023.10137850.
- Bowden, C., & Galindo-Gonzalez, S. (2015). Interviewing when you’re not face-to-face: The use of email interviews in a phenomenological study. International Journal of Doctoral Studies, 10(12), 79-92.
- Boyatzis, R.E. (1998). Transforming qualitative information: Thematic analysis and code development. Sage Publications Inc., Thousand Oaks, CA.
- Burger, B., Kanbach, D.K., Kraus, S., Breier, M., & Corvello, V. (2023). On the use of AI-based tools like ChatGPT to support management research. European Journal of Innovation Management, 26(7), 233-241.
- Cai, W., Richter, S., & McKenna, B. (2019). Progress on technology use in tourism. Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Technology, 10(4), 651-672.
- Carvalho, I., & Ivanov, S. (2023). ChatGPT for tourism: applications, benefits and risks. Tourism Review, 1-14. https://doi.org/10.1108/TR-02-2023-0088
- Charmaz, K. & Bryant, B. (2010). Grounded Theory. In (Eds.) P. Peterson, E. Baker, B. McGaw, International Encyclopedia of Education (third ed.), Elsevier, Oxford (2010), pp. 406-412
- Chaturvedi, R., Verma, S., Das, R., & Dwivedi, Y.K. (2023). Social companionship with artificial intelligence: Recent trends and future avenues. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 193, 1-20.
- Corbin, J. & Strauss, A. (2008). Basics of qualitative research: Procedures and techniques for developing grounded theory (3rd ed.), Sage, Thousand Oaks, CA.
- Creswell, J.W., & Creswell, J.D. (2018). Research Design: Qualitative, Quantitative, and Mixed Methods Approaches. Sage Publications.
- Creswell, J.W. (2013). Qualitative Inquiry and Research Design: Choosing Among Five Approaches. Sage publications, Thousand Oaks, California.
- Demir, M. & Demir, Ş.Ş. (2015). Otel işletmelerinde yenilik yönetimi: ilkeler ve örnekler. Ankara: Detay Yayıncılık.
- Demir, M., Demir, Ş.Ş., & Aktürk, O. (2023). The Effects of Distance Education Capabilities and Competencies on Learning Outcomes During COVID-19 in Higher Education Institutions. Journal of Hospitality & Tourism Education, 1-12. https://doi.org/10.1080/10963758.2023.2191966
- Demir, M., Demir, Ş.Ş. & Yaşar, E. (2022). Big data and innovative organizational performance: Evidence from a moderated‐mediated model. Creativity and Innovation Management, 31(4), 696-709.
- Demir, M., Yaşar, E. & Demir, Ş.Ş. (2023). Digital transformation and human resources planning: the mediating role of innovation. Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Technology, 14(1), 21-36. https://doi.org/10.1108/JHTT-04-2021-0105
- Deng, J., & Lin, Y. (2022). The Benefits and Challenges of ChatGPT: An Overview. Frontiers in Computing and Intelligent Systems, 2(2), 81-83.
- Dingwall, R., Murphy, E., Watson, P., Greatbatch, D., & Parker, S. (1998). Catching goldfish: Quality in qualitative research. Journal of Health Services Research and Policy, 3(3), 167-172.
- Drisko, J.W. & Maschi, T. (2015). Content analysis. Oxford University Press, New York.
- Dwivedi, Y.K., Kshetri, N., Hughes, L., Slade, E.L., Jeyaraj, A., Kar, A.K., ... & Wright, R. (2023a). “So what if ChatGPT wrote it?” Multidisciplinary perspectives on opportunities, challenges and implications of generative conversational AI for research, practice and policy. International Journal of Information Management, 71, 1-63. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijinfomgt.2023.102642
- Dwivedi, Y.K., Sharma, A., Rana, N.P., Giannakis, M., Goel, P., & Dutot, V. (2023b). Evolution of artificial intelligence research in Technological Forecasting and Social Change: Research topics, trends, and future directions. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 192, 1-17. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techfore.2023.122579
- Emerging Europe (2023). Managing ChatGPT in the corporate environment? Six crucial risk factors highlighted by Gartner. https://emerging-europe.com/partner-content/managing-chatgpt-in-the-corporate-environment-six-crucial-risk-factors-highlighted-by-gartner/ (accessed 22 May 2023).
- Frąckiewicz, M. (2023). Chat GPT-4 in Travel and Tourism: Enhancing Experiences with AI. https://ts2.space/en/chat-gpt-4-in-travel-and-tourism-enhancing-experiences-with-ai/#:~:text=Overall%2C%20AI%2Dpowered%20chat%20GPT,and%20automate%20customer%20support%20tasks (accessed 12 April 2023).
- Frederico, G.F. (2023). ChatGPT in Supply Chains: Initial Evidence of Applications and Potential Research Agenda. Logistics, 7(2), 1-9.
- Fusté-Forné, F., & Orea-Giner, A. (2023). Gastronomy in tourism management and marketing: an interview with ChatGPT. ROBONOMICS: The Journal of the Automated Economy, 4, 1-13.
- George, A.S., & George, A.H. (2023). A review of ChatGPT AI's impact on several business sectors. Partners Universal International Innovation Journal, 1(1), 9-23.
- Gupta, B., Mufti, T., Sohail, S.S., & Madsen, D. Ø. (2023). ChatGPT: A Brief Narrative Review. Preprints.org. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202304.0158.v1
- Gursoy, D., Li, Y., & Song, H. (2023). ChatGPT and the hospitality and tourism industry: an overview of current trends and future research directions. Journal of Hospitality Marketing & Management, 1-14.
- Haleem, A., Javaid, M., & Singh, R.P. (2022). An era of ChatGPT as a significant futuristic support tool: A study on features, abilities, and challenges. BenchCouncil Transactions on Benchmarks, Standards and Evaluations, 2(4), 1-8.
- Harahap, M.A.K., Ausat, A.M.A., Rachman, A., Riady, Y., & Azzaakiyyah, H.K. (2023). Overview of ChatGPT Technology and its Potential in Improving Tourism Information Services. Jurnal Minfo Polgan, 12(2), 424-431.
- Hassani, H., & Silva, E.S. (2023). The role of ChatGPT in data science: how ai-assisted conversational interfaces are revolutionizing the field. Big Data and Cognitive Computing, 7(2), 1-16.
- Hewson, C., & Laurent, D. (2008). Research design and tools for internet research. In N. Fielding, R. Lee, G. Blank (Eds.), The Sage Handbook of Online Research Methods, Sage, London, pp. 58-78.
- Huang, Y.C., Chang, L.L., Yu, C.P., & Chen, J. (2019). Examining an extended technology acceptance model with experience construct on hotel consumers’ adoption of mobile applications. Journal of Hospitality Marketing & Management, 28(8), 957-980.
- Iskender, A. (2023). Holy or unholy? Interview with open AI’s ChatGPT. European Journal of Tourism Research, 34, 1-11.
- Ivanov, S., & Soliman, M. (2023). Game of algorithms: ChatGPT implications for the future of tourism education and research. Journal of Tourism Futures, 1-8. https://doi.org/10.1108/JTF-02-2023-0038
- Jockims, T.L. (2023). ChatGPT and generative A.I. are already changing the way we book trips and travel. https://www.cnbc.com/2023/04/22/how-chatgpt-generative-ai-are-changing-how-we-book (accessed 22 April 2023).
- Johnson, R.H. (2012). Manifest rationality: A pragmatic theory of argument. Routledge, New Jersey.
- Kalla, D., & Smith, N. (2023). Study and Analysis of Chat GPT and its Impact on Different Fields of Study. International Journal of Innovative Science and Research Technology, 8(3), 1-7.
- Korzynski, P., Mazurek, G., Altmann, A., Ejdys, J., Kazlauskaite, R., Paliszkiewicz, J., Wach, K., & Ziemba, E. (2023). Generative artificial intelligence as a new context for management theories: analysis of ChatGPT. Central European Management Journal, 1-11. https://doi.org/10.1108/CEMJ-02-2023-0091
- Lee, M., Sisson, A. D., Costa, R., & Bai, B. (2023). Disruptive technologies and innovation in hospitality: A computer-assisted qualitative data analysis approach. Journal of Hospitality & Tourism Research, 47(4), 47-61.
- Lee, T.W. (1999). Using Qualitative Methods in Organizational Research. Sage, Thousand Oaks, CA.
- Lehrer, C., Wieneke, A., Vom Brocke, J.A.N., Jung, R., & Seidel, S. (2018). How big data analytics enables service innovation: materiality, affordance, and the individualization of service. Journal of Management Information Systems, 35(2), 424-460.
- Mehrolia, S., Alagarsamy, S., Moorthy, V., & Jeevananda, S. (2023). Will Users Continue Using Banking Chatbots? The Moderating Role of Perceived Risk. FIIB Business Review, 1-19. https://doi.org/10.1177/23197145231169900
- Mich, L., & Garigliano, R. (2023). ChatGPT for e-Tourism: a technological perspective. Information Technology & Tourism, 25, 1-12.
- Misak, C. (2023). To my best belief: just what is the pragmatic theory of truth? https://aeon.co/ideas/to-my-best-belief-just-what-is-the-pragmatic-theory-of-truth (accessed 20 April 2023).
- Mondal, S., Das, S., & Vrana, V.G. (2023). How to bell the cat? A theoretical review of generative artificial intelligence towards digital disruption in all walks of life. Technologies, 11(2), 1-17.
- Panda, S., & Kaur, N. (2023). Exploring the viability of ChatGPT as an alternative to traditional chatbot systems in library and information centers. Library Hi Tech News, 40(3), 22-25.
- Paul, J., Ueno, A., & Dennis, C. (2023). ChatGPT and consumers: benefits, pitfalls and future research Agenda. International Journal of Consumer Studies, 1-13.
- Prayag, G. & Ryan, C. (2011). The relationship between the "push" and "pull" factors of a tourist destination: The role of nationality–an analytical qualitative research approach. Current Issues in Tourism, 14(2), 121-143.
- Pricope Vancia, A.P., Băltescu, C.A., Brătucu, G., Tecău, A.S., Chițu, I.B., & Duguleană, L. (2023). Examining the Disruptive Potential of Generation Z Tourists on the Travel Industry in the Digital Age. Sustainability, 15(11), 1-19.
- Qureshi, R., Shaughnessy, D., Gill, K. A., Robinson, K.A., Li, T., & Agai, E. (2023). Are ChatGPT and large language models “the answer” to bringing us closer to systematic review automation?. Systematic Reviews, 12(1), 1-4.
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