<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.4 20241031//EN"
        "https://jats.nlm.nih.gov/publishing/1.4/JATS-journalpublishing1-4.dtd">
<article  article-type="reviewer-report"        dtd-version="1.4">
            <front>

                <journal-meta>
                                                                <journal-id>kashed</journal-id>
            <journal-title-group>
                                                                                    <journal-title>Kadın Sağlığı Hemşireliği Dergisi</journal-title>
            </journal-title-group>
                            <issn pub-type="ppub">2458-7621</issn>
                                                                                                        <publisher>
                    <publisher-name>Kadın Sağlığı Hemşireleri Derneği</publisher-name>
                </publisher>
                    </journal-meta>
                <article-meta>
                                        <article-id/>
                                                                <article-categories>
                                            <subj-group  xml:lang="en">
                                                            <subject>Pediatric Health and Illnesses Nursing</subject>
                                                            <subject>Obstetrics and Gynocology Nursing</subject>
                                                            <subject>Public Health Nursing</subject>
                                                    </subj-group>
                                            <subj-group  xml:lang="tr">
                                                            <subject>Çocuk Sağlığı ve Hastalıkları Hemşireliği</subject>
                                                            <subject>Doğum ve Kadın Hastalıkları Hemşireliği</subject>
                                                            <subject>Halk Sağlığı Hemşireliği</subject>
                                                    </subj-group>
                                    </article-categories>
                                                                                                                                                        <title-group>
                                                                                                                        <article-title>Gebelikte Aşı Okuryazarlığı Neden Önemli? Aşı Tutumu ve Karşıtlığına Etkileri Üzerine Bir Derleme</article-title>
                                                                                                                                                                                                <trans-title-group xml:lang="en">
                                    <trans-title>Why is Vaccine Literacy Important in Pregnancy? A Review on Its Effects on Vaccine Attitude And Opposition</trans-title>
                                </trans-title-group>
                                                                                                    </title-group>
            
                                                    <contrib-group content-type="authors">
                                                                        <contrib contrib-type="author">
                                                                    <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">
                                        https://orcid.org/0009-0006-8633-9321</contrib-id>
                                                                <name>
                                    <surname>Çifte</surname>
                                    <given-names>Buket</given-names>
                                </name>
                                                                    <aff>MARMARA ÜNİVERSİTESİ</aff>
                                                            </contrib>
                                                    <contrib contrib-type="author">
                                                                    <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">
                                        https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2424-323X</contrib-id>
                                                                <name>
                                    <surname>Gür</surname>
                                    <given-names>Kamer</given-names>
                                </name>
                                                                    <aff>MARMARA ÜNİVERSİTESİ</aff>
                                                            </contrib>
                                                                                </contrib-group>
                        
                                        <pub-date pub-type="pub" iso-8601-date="20260331">
                    <day>03</day>
                    <month>31</month>
                    <year>2026</year>
                </pub-date>
                                        <volume>12</volume>
                                        <issue>1</issue>
                                        <fpage>35</fpage>
                                        <lpage>45</lpage>
                        
                        <history>
                                    <date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="20251118">
                        <day>11</day>
                        <month>18</month>
                        <year>2025</year>
                    </date>
                                                    <date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="20260125">
                        <day>01</day>
                        <month>25</month>
                        <year>2026</year>
                    </date>
                            </history>
                                        <permissions>
                    <copyright-statement>Copyright © 2014, Kadın Sağlığı Hemşireliği Dergisi</copyright-statement>
                    <copyright-year>2014</copyright-year>
                    <copyright-holder>Kadın Sağlığı Hemşireliği Dergisi</copyright-holder>
                </permissions>
            
                                                                                                <abstract><p>Gebelik dönemi, kadının hem kendi sağlığı hem de doğacak çocuğunun sağlığı açısından kritik bir süreçtir. Bu dönemde verilen sağlık kararları, anne ve bebek sağlığını uzun vadede etkileyebilmektedir. Aşı okuryazarlığı; bireylerin aşılarla ilgili bilgileri anlama, değerlendirme ve bilinçli kararlar verebilme becerisini ifade eder. Gebelikte aşı okuryazarlığı düzeyinin düşük olması, aşı tereddüdü ve reddi davranışlarını artırarak toplum bağışıklığını olumsuz etkileyebilmektedir. Literatür bulguları, gebelerde bilgi eksikliği, sosyal çevre ve medya kaynaklı yanlış bilgiler ile güven yetersizliğinin aşı kararsızlığını artırdığını; sağlık profesyonelleriyle kurulan güvene dayalı iletişimin ise aşı kabulünü güçlendirdiğini göstermektedir. Hemşireler, gebelik döneminde aşılama davranışlarının şekillenmesinde kilit rol oynayan sağlık profesyonelleridir. Eğitim, danışmanlık ve savunuculuk görevleri aracılığıyla doğru bilginin aktarılmasını sağlar, yanlış inanışların düzeltilmesine katkıda bulunur ve aşıya yönelik olumlu tutumun gelişmesine destek olurlar. Bu derleme, gebelerde aşı okuryazarlığı, aşı tereddüdü ve reddi konularına ilişkin mevcut literatürü göze alarak konuyu bütüncül bir çerçevede değerlendirmeyi amaçlamaktadır. Ele alınan çalışmalarda, gebelik döneminde güvene dayalı iletişim ve eğitim uygulamalarının aşı kabulünü destekleyen önemli unsurlar arasında yer aldığı belirtilmektedir.</p></abstract>
                                                                                                                                    <trans-abstract xml:lang="en">
                            <p>Pregnancy is a critical period for maternal and fetal health. The health decisions made during this time can affect maternal and infant health in the long term. Vaccine literacy refers to individuals’ ability to understand, evaluate, and make informed decisions regarding vaccines. Low levels of vaccine literacy during pregnancy may increase vaccine hesitancy and refusal, negatively affecting herd immunity. Literature findings indicate that lack of knowledge, misinformation from social and media sources, and insufficient trust contribute to increased vaccine hesitancy among pregnant women, whereas trust-based communication with healthcare professionals strengthens vaccine acceptance. Nurses are key health professionals who play a central role in shaping vaccination behaviors during pregnancy. Through education, counseling, and advocacy, they ensure the transfer of accurate information, help correct misconceptions, and support the development of positive attitudes toward vaccination. This review aims to evaluate the existing literature on vaccine literacy, vaccine hesitancy, and refusal among pregnant women and to provide a comprehensive perspective on the topic. The reviewed studies indicate that trust-based communication and educational practices during pregnancy are important factors supporting vaccine acceptance.</p></trans-abstract>
                                                            
            
                                                            <kwd-group>
                                                    <kwd>Aşı okuryazarlığı</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  aşı reddi</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  aşı tereddüdü</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  gebe</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  hemşirelik</kwd>
                                            </kwd-group>
                                                        
                                                                            <kwd-group xml:lang="en">
                                                    <kwd>Nursing</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  pregnancy</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  vaccine literacy</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  vaccine hesitancy</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  vaccine refusal</kwd>
                                                    <kwd> </kwd>
                                            </kwd-group>
                                                                                                        <funding-group specific-use="FundRef">
                    <award-group>
                                                    <funding-source>
                                <named-content content-type="funder_name">Bu çalışma herhangi bir kurumdan finansal destek almamıştır.</named-content>
                            </funding-source>
                                                                    </award-group>
                </funding-group>
                                </article-meta>
    </front>
    <back>
                            <ref-list>
                                    <ref id="ref1">
                        <label>1</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Aharon, A. A., Nehama, H., Rishpon, S., &amp; Baron-Epel, O. (2017). Parents with high levels of communicative and critical health literacy are less likely to vaccinate their children. Patient Education and Counseling, 100(4), 768–775. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pec.2016.11.016</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref2">
                        <label>2</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Akbulak, M. A., &amp; Çöl, M. (2022). Dünyada ve Türkiye’de aşılanma tutumu ve COVID-19 aşılarına bakış. ESTÜDAM Halk Sağlığı Dergisi, 7(3), 531-40. https://doi.org/10.35232/estudamhsd.1093147</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref3">
                        <label>3</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Aksucu, G., &amp; Çağlar, S. (2025). Effects of telehealth during pregnancy on childhood vaccine attitudes and timeliness: A randomized controlled trial. Vaccine, 63, 127678. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vaccine.2025.127678</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref4">
                        <label>4</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Altın, H. (2024). Aşı kararsızlığı ve reddi. In H. Altın (Ed.), Sağlık bilimlerinde ileri araştırmalar (pp. 1–23). Yaz Yayınları.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref5">
                        <label>5</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Alzahrani, A. A. &amp; Alghamdi, A. N. (2023). COVID-19 döneminde Suudi Arabistan’ın Taif kentindeki ebeveynlerde aşı tereddüdü ve belirleyicileri. Cureus, 15(6), e40404. https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.40404</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref6">
                        <label>6</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Baltacı, N., Kaya, N., &amp; Kılıçkaya, İ. (2023). Gebelerin e-sağlık okuryazarlığının ve sağlıklı yaşam davranışlarının incelenmesi. Sürekli Tıp Eğitimi Dergisi, 32(4), 301–313. https://doi.org/10.17942/sted.1229364</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref7">
                        <label>7</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Biasio L. R. (2017). Vaccine hesitancy and health literacy. Human vaccines &amp; immunotherapeutics, 13(3), 701–702. https://doi.org/10.1080/21645515.2016.1243633</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref8">
                        <label>8</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Biasio L. R. (2019). Vaccine literacy is undervalued. Human vaccines &amp; immunotherapeutics, 15(11), 2552–2553. https://doi.org/10.1080/21645515.2019.1609850</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref9">
                        <label>9</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Biasio, L. R., Giambi, C., Fadda, G., Lorini, C., Bonaccorsi, G., &amp; D&#039;Ancona, F. (2020). Validation of an Italian tool to assess vaccine literacy in adulthood vaccination: a pilot study. Annali di igiene : medicina preventiva e di comunita, 32(3), 205–222. https://doi.org/10.7416/ai.2020.2344</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref10">
                        <label>10</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Bozkurt, H. B. (2018). Aşı reddine genel bir bakış ve literatürün gözden geçirilmesi. Kafkas Journal of Medical Sciences, 8(1), 71–76. https://doi.org/10.5505/kjms.2018.12754</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref11">
                        <label>11</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). (2024, April 11). What’s in vaccines: Ingredients and vaccine safety. U.S. Department of Health &amp; Human Services. Retrieved November 1, 2025, from https://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/vac-gen/additives.htm</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref12">
                        <label>12</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Çetin, K., &amp; Sögüt, S. C. (2024). The relationship between vaccine hesitancy and health literacy in pregnant women: a cross-sectional study. BMC women&#039;s health, 24(1), 361. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12905-024-03148-2</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref13">
                        <label>13</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Çevik, C., Güneş, S., Eser, S., &amp; Eser, E. (2020). Ebeveynlerin çocukluk aşılarına yönelik tutumları (PACV) ölçeğinin Türkçe sürümünün psikometrik özellikleri. Güncel Pediatri, 18(2), 153–167.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref14">
                        <label>14</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Durmuş, A., Akbolat, M., &amp; Amarat, M. (2021). COVID-19 aşı okuryazarlığı ölçeğinin Türkçe geçerliliği ve güvenilirliği. Çukurova Medical Journal, 46(2), 732–741. https://doi.org/10.17826/cumj.870432</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref15">
                        <label>15</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Doğan, G. (2021). Sağlık okuryazarlığı, tamamlayıcı alternatif tıbba yaklaşım ve bazı sosyodemografik özelliklerin ebeveynlerin çocukluk çağı aşılarına yönelik tutumları ile ilişkisi [Yüksek lisans tezi, Balıkesir Üniversitesi].</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref16">
                        <label>16</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Enriquez, M. (2021). Vaccine hesitancy and COVID-19: Nursing’s role. Hispanic Health Care International, 19(2), 74–75. https://doi.org/10.1177/15404153211012874</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref17">
                        <label>17</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Hayat Öktem, Ö., Karaoğlu, F. N., &amp; Kul Uçtu, A. (2023). Aşı reddi. YOBÜ Sağlık Bilimleri Fakültesi Dergisi, 4(2), 204–211.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref18">
                        <label>18</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Hazır, E. (2018). 0–24 aylık bebek/çocukların ebeveynlerinin aşı red sıklığı ve nedenleri [Yüksek lisans tezi, Okan Üniversitesi].</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref19">
                        <label>19</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">İlter, H. (2020). Konya ilinde çocukluk çağı aşı reddi konusunda anne-baba görüşleri ve aşılamayı etkileyen faktörler [Doktora tezi Necmettin Erbakan Üniversitesi].</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref20">
                        <label>20</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Kilich, E., Dada, S., Francis, M. R., Tazare, J., Chico, R. M., Paterson, P., &amp; Larson, H. J. (2020). Factors that influence vaccination decision-making among pregnant women: A systematic review and meta-analysis. PLoS ONE, 15(7), e0234827. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0234827</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref21">
                        <label>21</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Lorini, C., Santomauro, F., Donzellini, M., Capecchi, L., Bechini, A., Boccalini, S., Bonanni, P., &amp; Bonaccorsi, G. (2018). Health literacy and vaccination: A systematic review. Human vaccines &amp; immunotherapeutics, 14(2), 478–488. https://doi.org/10.1080/21645515.2017.1392423</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref22">
                        <label>22</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Louw, G. E., Hohlfeld, E. S.-J., Kalan, R., &amp; Engel, M. E. (2024). Mobile phone text message reminders to improve vaccine uptake: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Vaccines, 12(10), 1151. https://doi.org/10.3390/vaccines12101151</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref23">
                        <label>23</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">MacDonald, N. E., &amp; SAGE Working Group on Vaccine Hesitancy. (2015). Vaccine hesitancy: Definition, scope and determinants. Vaccine, 33(34), 4161–4164. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vaccine.2015.04.036</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref24">
                        <label>24</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Menzies, R., Balıkçıl, L., Lampard, J., McMillan, M., Yusuf, T., Chan, J., Storken, A., &amp; Marshall, H. (2020). A randomized controlled trial of SMS and calendar reminders to improve timeliness of infant immunization. Vaccine, 38(12), 2741–2750. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vaccine.2020.02.045</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref25">
                        <label>25</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Mitchell, S. L., Schulkin, J., &amp; Power, M. L. (2023). Vaccine hesitancy in pregnant women: A narrative review. Vaccine, 41(29), 4220–4227. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vaccine.2023.05.047</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref26">
                        <label>26</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Mrozovsk, J. M. (2024). Comprendre l’hésitation vaccinale [Understanding vaccine hesitancy]. Actualités Pharmaceutiques, 63(638), 54–57. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actpha.2024.06.014</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref27">
                        <label>27</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Mukhtar, T., Babur, M. N., Abbas, R., Irshad, A., &amp; Kiran, Q. (2025). Digital Health Literacy: A systematic review of interventions and their influence on healthcare access and sustainable development Goal-3 (SDG-3). Pakistan journal of medical sciences, 41(3), 910–918. https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.41.3.10639</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref28">
                        <label>28</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Munshi, S. C., Bertens, L. C. M., Weggelaar-Jansen, A. M., Ernst-Smelt, H. E., Lambregtse-van den Berg, M. P., Harmsen van der Vliet-Torij, H. W., Steegers, E. A. P., &amp; Bijma, H. H. (2025). Perspectives on the importance of parents&#039; health, health-promoting behaviour, and psychosocial and lifestyle factors during pregnancy on child health outcomes across the life course: a cross-sectional study among parents and professionals. Journal of public health (Oxford, England), fdaf133. Advance online publication. https://doi.org/10.1093/pubmed/fdaf133</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref29">
                        <label>29</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Mutlu, M., Cayir, Y., &amp; Kasali, K. (2023). Validity and reliability of the Turkish version of the Parent Attitudes About Childhood Vaccines (PACV) scale. Journal of Healthcare Quality Research, 38(1), 11–19. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhqr.2022.06.002</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref30">
                        <label>30</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">National Institute of Child Health and Human Development. (2023). Pregnancy: Condition information. U.S. Department of Health &amp; Human Services. https://www.nichd.nih.gov/health/topics/factsheets/pregnancy</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref31">
                        <label>31</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Nawabi, F., Krebs, F., Vennedey, V., Shukri, A., Lorenz, L., &amp; Stock, S. (2021). Health Literacy in Pregnant Women: A Systematic Review. International journal of environmental research and public health, 18(7), 3847. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18073847</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref32">
                        <label>32</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Pullis, B. C., Hekel, B. E., &amp; Pullis, R. M. (2024). Addressing vaccine hesitancy: A nursing perspective. Journal of Community Health Nursing, 41(2), 138–144. https://doi.org/10.1080/07370016.2024.2312144</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref33">
                        <label>33</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Razai, M. S., Mansour, R., Ravindran, P., Freeman, S., Mason-Apps, C., Morris, J., Majeed, A., Ussher, M., Hargreaves, S., &amp; Oakeshott, P. (2024). Facilitators and barriers to vaccination uptake in pregnancy: A qualitative systematic review. PLOS ONE, 19(4), e0298407. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0298407</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref34">
                        <label>34</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Rosso, A., Massimi, A., Pitini, E., Nardi, A., Baccolini, V., Marzuillo, C., De Vito, C., &amp; Villari, P. (2020). Factors affecting the vaccination choices of pregnant women for their children: a systematic review of the literature. Human vaccines &amp; immunotherapeutics, 16(8), 1969–1980. https://doi.org/10.1080/21645515.2019.1698901</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref35">
                        <label>35</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Salali, G. D., &amp; Uysal, M. S. (2020). COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy is associated with beliefs on the origin of the novel coronavirus in the UK and Turkey. Psychological Medicine, 1–3. Advance online publication. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0033291720004067</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref36">
                        <label>36</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Şimşek, E. (2020). Ankara ilindeki aile hekimliği kliniklerinde çalışan doktorların aşı karşıtlığı konusundaki görüş, tutum ve davranışlarının değerlendirilmesi [Uzmanlık tezi, Ankara Yıldırım Beyazıt Üniversitesi].
T.C. Sağlık Bakanlığı. (2023). Sağlık istatistikleri yıllığı 2023. Halk Sağlığı Genel Müdürlüğü. 
T.C. Sağlık Bakanlığı. (2024). Türkiye sağlık okuryazarlığı düzeyi ve ilişkili faktörleri araştırması. Sağlığın Geliştirilmesi Genel Müdürlüğü.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref37">
                        <label>37</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Tostrud, L., Thelen, J., &amp; Palatnik, A. (2022). Models of determinants of COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy in non-pregnant and pregnant population: Review of current literature”. Human Vaccines &amp; Immunotherapeutics, 18(6). https://doi.org/10.1080/21645515.2022.2138047</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref38">
                        <label>38</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO). (2024). The plurality of literacy and its implications for policies and programmes. Paris: UNESCO Education Sector.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref39">
                        <label>39</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">United Nations International Children’s Emergency Fund (UNICEF). (2024). Pneumonia. Retrieved November 1, 2025, from https://data.unicef.org/topic/child-health/pneumonia/</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref40">
                        <label>40</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Ünlü, G. (2023). Türkiye’de sağlık okuryazarlığı düzeyi: Bir meta-analiz çalışması [Doktora tezi, Sakarya Üniversitesi, İşletme Enstitüsü].</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref41">
                        <label>41</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">World Health Organization. (2013, February 21). Global vaccine action plan 2011–2020. Retrieved November 1, 2025, from https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/global-vaccine-action-plan-2011-2020</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref42">
                        <label>42</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">World Health Organization (WHO). (2019). Ten threats to global health in 2019. Retrieved November 1, 2025, from https://www.who.int/news-room/spotlight/ten-threats-to-global-health-in-2019</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref43">
                        <label>43</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">World Health Organization. (2024, August 5). Health literacy [Fact sheet]. Retrieved November 3, 2025, from https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/health-literacy</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref44">
                        <label>44</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">World Health Organization (WHO). (2025). Immunization coverage. Retrieved November 1, 2025, from https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/immunization-coverage</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref45">
                        <label>45</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">World Health Organization (WHO). (2025a). Vaccines and immunization. Retrieved November 1, 2025, from https://www.who.int/health-topics/vaccines-and-immunization</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref46">
                        <label>46</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">World Health Organization. (2025b). Essential Programme on Immunization. Retrieved November 1, 2025, from https://www.who.int/teams/immunization-vaccines-and-biologicals/essential-programme-on-immunization</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref47">
                        <label>47</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Yakşi, N. (2020). Aile sağlığı merkezi çalışanlarının aşı reddi konusundaki düşünceleri ve davranışlarının değerlendirilmesi. Turkish Journal of Public Health, 18(3), 143-154. https://doi.org/10.20518/tjph.692226</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref48">
                        <label>48</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Yorulmaz, D. S., &amp; Kocoglu-Tanyer, D. (2024). A vaccine literacy scale for childhood vaccines: Turkish validity and reliability. Journal of Public Health, 32(6), 855–863. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10389-023-01878-5</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                            </ref-list>
                    </back>
    </article>
