Öz
Today, with the increasing number of vehicles, the need for parking spaces increases at the same rate. Vehicle owners lose time and fuel while looking for a parking space. However, the increasing sensitivity to carbon dioxide emissions has increased the interest in electric vehicles. For this reason, the use of electric vehicles is increasing day by day. With the widespread use of electric vehicles, existing parking lots need to be developed to include charging stations. One of the most important issues for electric vehicles is to be able to charge their batteries safely and conveniently in order not to experience range problems. In this study, it is aimed to provide a solution to the problems experienced by vehicle users in parking lots with a smart parking system. The solutions aimed at the smart parking system aim to increase efficiency in the parking lot while saving fuel and time. Thanks to the motion and distance sensors we use, the occupancy rate of the parking lot can be determined. In addition, thanks to the distance and weight sensors we will use, users will be prevented from parking incorrectly and hitting the columns in the parking lot. In addition, electric vehicles can be charged safely with the wired/wireless charging stations that will be used in the parking lot.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Proje Numarası
1919B012424414 TÜBİTAK 2209-A "Üniversite Öğrencileri Araştırma Projeleri
Kaynakça
- Xu, Y., Alfonsetti, E., Weeraddana, P. C., & Fischione, C. (2016). A semidistributed approach for the feasible min-max fair agent-assignment problem with privacy guarantees. IEEE Transactions on Control of Network Systems, 5(1), 333-344.https://doi.org/10.1109/TCNS.2016.2609151 Silva, G. M. M. (2015). Agent-based Parking Occupancy Simulation [Master's thesis, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa (Portugal)]. http://hdl.handle.net/10362/15316
- Ratliff, L. J., Dowling, C., Mazumdar, E., & Zhang, B. (2016). To observe or not to observe: Queuing game framework for urban parking. In 2016 IEEE 55th Conference on Decision and Control (CDC) (ss. 5286-5291). IEEE. https://doi.org/10.1109/CDC.2016.7799079
- Chen, X., Qian, Z., Rajagopal, R., Stiers, T., Flores, C., Kavaler, R., & Williams III, F. (2016). Parking sensing and information system: Sensors, deployment, and evaluation. Transportation Research Record, 2559(1), 81-89. https://doi.org/10.3141/2559-10
- Bukowski, A. (2018). How do parking practices structure urban territorial communities?. Urban Development Issues. https://doi.org/10.2478/udi-2018-0024
- Gülhan, G., & Ceylan, H. (2010). Otopark Sorununa Otopark Yönetimi Temelinde Yaklaşımlar: İzmir Örneği. Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi Mühendislik Fakültesi Fen ve Mühendislik Dergisi, 12(1), 63-73. https://dergipark.org.tr/en/download/article-file/589416
- Arnott, R., Rave, T., & Schöb, R. (2005). Alleviating urban traffic congestion. MIT Press Books, 1. https://doi.org/10.5860/CHOICE.43-5377
- Shoup, D. C. (2006). Cruising for parking. Transport policy, 13(6), 479-486. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tranpol.2006.05.005 Giuffrè, T., Siniscalchi, S. M., & Tesoriere, G. (2012). A novel architecture of parking management for smart cities. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 53, 16-28. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2012.09.856
- Mackowski, D., Bai, Y., & Ouyang, Y. (2015). Parking space management via dynamic performance-based pricing. Transportation Research Procedia, 7, 170-191. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trpro.2015.06.010
- Banda-Chalwe, M., Nitz, J. C., & De Jonge, D. (2014). Impact of inaccessible spaces on community participation of people with mobility limitations in Zambia. African journal of disability, 3(1), 1-17. https://hdl.handle.net/10520/EJC160423
- Derakhshan, P., Miller, W. C., Bundon, A., Labbé, D., Bolt, T., & Mortenson, W. B. (2024). Adaptive outdoor physical activities for adults with mobility disability: a scoping review. Frontiers in Rehabilitation Sciences, 4, 1331971. https://doi.org/10.3389/fresc.2023.1331971
- Khanna, A., & Anand, R. (2016, January). IoT based smart parking system. In 2016 international conference on internet of things and applications (IOTA) (ss. 266-270). IEEE. https://doi.org/10.1109/IOTA.2016.7562735 Channamallu, S. S., Kermanshachi, S., Rosenberger, J. M., & Pamidimukkala, A. (2023). A review of smart parking systems. Transportation Research Procedia, 73, 289-296. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trpro.2023.11.920
- Askarbek, K., & Bahrami, M. R. (2023). Smart parking systems: A review on user interface features and real world examples. 2023 International Ural Conference on Electrical Power Engineering (UralCon) (ss. 615-622). IEEE. https://doi.org/10.1109/UralCon59258.2023.10291071
- Lee, C. P., Leng, F. T. J., Habeeb, R. A. A., Amanullah, M. A., & ur Rehman, M. H. (2022). Edge computing-enabled secure and energy-efficient smart parking: A review. Microprocessors and Microsystems, 93, 104612. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.micpro.2022.104612
- Flocea, R., Hîncu, A., Robu, A., Senocico, S., Traciu, A., Remus, B. M., ... & Filote, C. (2022). Electric vehicle smart charging reservation algorithm. Sensors, 22(8), 2834. https://doi.org/10.3390/s22082834
- Katontoka, M., Orsi, F., Bakker, M., & Hocks, B. (2025). Toward sustainable transportation: A systematic review of EV charging station locations. International Journal of Sustainable Transportation, 19(10), 881-893. https://doi.org/10.1080/15568318.2025.2528085
Öz
Günümüzde artan araç sayısıyla beraber ortaya aynı orantıda artan otopark ihtiyacı açığa çıkmaktadır. Araç sahipleri park yeri ararken zaman ve yakıt kaybına uğramaktadırlar. Bununla birlikte karbondioksit salınımına karşı artan hassasiyet elektrikli araçlara olan ilgiyi artırmıştır. Bu nedenle elektrikli araç kullanımı günden güne artmaktadır. Elektrikli araçların yaygınlaşmasıyla birlikte mevcut otoparkların şarj istasyonu bulundurma yönünde geliştirilmesi gerekmektedir. Elektrikli araçlar için en önemli hususlardan biri de menzil problemi yaşamamak için bataryalarını güvenli ve uygun bir şekilde şarj edebilmektir. Bu çalışmada araç kullanıcıları için otoparklarda yaşamış oldukları problemlere akıllı otopark sistemi ile çözüm sunmak amaçlanmıştır. Akıllı otopark sisteminde amaçlanan çözümlerle yakıt ve zaman tasarrufu sağlarken otopark içindeki verimliliği arttırmak hedeflenmiştir. Kullanmış olduğumuz hareket ve mesafe sensörleri sayesinde otoparkın doluluk oranı belirlenebilecektir. Ayrıca, kullanacağımız mesafe ve ağırlık sensörleri sayesinde kullanıcıların hatalı park etmesinin ve otopark içinde meydana gelebilecek maddi hasarların önüne geçilecektir. Ek olarak, otopark içerisinde hizmet verecek olan kablolu/kablosuz şarj istasyonları ile elektrikli araçlarının güvenli bir şekilde şarj edilmesi gerçekleştirilebilecektir.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Destekleyen Kurum
TÜBİTAK
Proje Numarası
1919B012424414 TÜBİTAK 2209-A "Üniversite Öğrencileri Araştırma Projeleri
Teşekkür
Bu proje "1919B012424414" numaralı başvuru ile TÜBİTAK 2209-A "Üniversite Öğrencileri Araştırma Projeleri Destekleme Programı" kapsamında desteklenmiştir.
Kaynakça
- Xu, Y., Alfonsetti, E., Weeraddana, P. C., & Fischione, C. (2016). A semidistributed approach for the feasible min-max fair agent-assignment problem with privacy guarantees. IEEE Transactions on Control of Network Systems, 5(1), 333-344.https://doi.org/10.1109/TCNS.2016.2609151 Silva, G. M. M. (2015). Agent-based Parking Occupancy Simulation [Master's thesis, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa (Portugal)]. http://hdl.handle.net/10362/15316
- Ratliff, L. J., Dowling, C., Mazumdar, E., & Zhang, B. (2016). To observe or not to observe: Queuing game framework for urban parking. In 2016 IEEE 55th Conference on Decision and Control (CDC) (ss. 5286-5291). IEEE. https://doi.org/10.1109/CDC.2016.7799079
- Chen, X., Qian, Z., Rajagopal, R., Stiers, T., Flores, C., Kavaler, R., & Williams III, F. (2016). Parking sensing and information system: Sensors, deployment, and evaluation. Transportation Research Record, 2559(1), 81-89. https://doi.org/10.3141/2559-10
- Bukowski, A. (2018). How do parking practices structure urban territorial communities?. Urban Development Issues. https://doi.org/10.2478/udi-2018-0024
- Gülhan, G., & Ceylan, H. (2010). Otopark Sorununa Otopark Yönetimi Temelinde Yaklaşımlar: İzmir Örneği. Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi Mühendislik Fakültesi Fen ve Mühendislik Dergisi, 12(1), 63-73. https://dergipark.org.tr/en/download/article-file/589416
- Arnott, R., Rave, T., & Schöb, R. (2005). Alleviating urban traffic congestion. MIT Press Books, 1. https://doi.org/10.5860/CHOICE.43-5377
- Shoup, D. C. (2006). Cruising for parking. Transport policy, 13(6), 479-486. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tranpol.2006.05.005 Giuffrè, T., Siniscalchi, S. M., & Tesoriere, G. (2012). A novel architecture of parking management for smart cities. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 53, 16-28. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2012.09.856
- Mackowski, D., Bai, Y., & Ouyang, Y. (2015). Parking space management via dynamic performance-based pricing. Transportation Research Procedia, 7, 170-191. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trpro.2015.06.010
- Banda-Chalwe, M., Nitz, J. C., & De Jonge, D. (2014). Impact of inaccessible spaces on community participation of people with mobility limitations in Zambia. African journal of disability, 3(1), 1-17. https://hdl.handle.net/10520/EJC160423
- Derakhshan, P., Miller, W. C., Bundon, A., Labbé, D., Bolt, T., & Mortenson, W. B. (2024). Adaptive outdoor physical activities for adults with mobility disability: a scoping review. Frontiers in Rehabilitation Sciences, 4, 1331971. https://doi.org/10.3389/fresc.2023.1331971
- Khanna, A., & Anand, R. (2016, January). IoT based smart parking system. In 2016 international conference on internet of things and applications (IOTA) (ss. 266-270). IEEE. https://doi.org/10.1109/IOTA.2016.7562735 Channamallu, S. S., Kermanshachi, S., Rosenberger, J. M., & Pamidimukkala, A. (2023). A review of smart parking systems. Transportation Research Procedia, 73, 289-296. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trpro.2023.11.920
- Askarbek, K., & Bahrami, M. R. (2023). Smart parking systems: A review on user interface features and real world examples. 2023 International Ural Conference on Electrical Power Engineering (UralCon) (ss. 615-622). IEEE. https://doi.org/10.1109/UralCon59258.2023.10291071
- Lee, C. P., Leng, F. T. J., Habeeb, R. A. A., Amanullah, M. A., & ur Rehman, M. H. (2022). Edge computing-enabled secure and energy-efficient smart parking: A review. Microprocessors and Microsystems, 93, 104612. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.micpro.2022.104612
- Flocea, R., Hîncu, A., Robu, A., Senocico, S., Traciu, A., Remus, B. M., ... & Filote, C. (2022). Electric vehicle smart charging reservation algorithm. Sensors, 22(8), 2834. https://doi.org/10.3390/s22082834
- Katontoka, M., Orsi, F., Bakker, M., & Hocks, B. (2025). Toward sustainable transportation: A systematic review of EV charging station locations. International Journal of Sustainable Transportation, 19(10), 881-893. https://doi.org/10.1080/15568318.2025.2528085
Ayrıntılar
| Birincil Dil | Türkçe |
|---|---|
| Konular | Endüstriyel Elektronik |
| Bölüm | Araştırma Makalesi |
| Yazarlar | |
| Proje Numarası | 1919B012424414 TÜBİTAK 2209-A "Üniversite Öğrencileri Araştırma Projeleri |
| Gönderilme Tarihi | 13 Kasım 2025 |
| Kabul Tarihi | 15 Aralık 2025 |
| Yayımlanma Tarihi | 30 Aralık 2025 |
| IZ | https://izlik.org/JA47EM43LB |
| Yayımlandığı Sayı | Yıl 2025 Cilt: 1 Sayı: 2 |