FİNANSAL KRİZLERİN TARİHSEL PERSPEKTİFİ: 19. VE 20. YÜZYIL KRİZLERİ VE MODERN EKONOMİYE ETKİLERİ

Yıl 2024, Sayı: 6, 72 - 86, 31.10.2024

Emre Yiğit

https://doi.org/10.62080/kmfed.1556913

Öz

Finansal krizler, ekonomik sistemlerin sürdürülebilirliğini tehdit eden ani ve şiddetli bozulmalar olarak tanımlanmakta olup, dünya genelinde büyük ekonomik, siyasi ve sosyal değişimlere neden olmuştur. 19. ve 20. yüzyılda yaşanan büyük çaplı finansal krizler, kapitalizmin doğasında var olan kırılganlıkları ortaya çıkarmış ve ekonomik sistemlerin yeniden yapılandırılması gerekliliğini doğurmuştur. Bu çalışmada, tarihsel bir perspektifle ele alınan 19. yüzyıl krizleri (1819-1821 Krizi, 1857 Panik Krizi, 1873 Büyük Depresyonu ve 1890 Baring Krizi) ve 20. yüzyıldaki küresel krizler (1929 Büyük Buhran, 1973 Petrol Krizi, 1987 Kara Pazartesi ve 1997 Asya Finansal Krizi) incelenmekte, bu krizlerin hem kendi dönemlerine hem de modern ekonomiye olan kalıcı etkileri analiz edilmektedir. Özellikle devlet müdahaleleri, uluslararası işbirlikleri, finansal düzenlemeler ve krizlerin ekonomiler üzerindeki uzun vadeli sonuçları ele alınarak modern finansal sistemlerin dayanıklılığı üzerine çıkarımlar yapılmaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Finansal Krizler, 19.yy Krizleri, 20.yy Krizleri, Modern ekonomi

Kaynakça

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