Kentsel Hava Hareketliliği Kavramının Gelişiminde İki Önemli Faktör: ATM ve Toplum

Yıl 2021, Cilt: 23 Sayı: 41, 564 - 577, 31.12.2021

Arif Tuncal , Suat Uslu

Öz

Bir metropol bölgesinde insanlı veya insansız hava araçlarıyla emniyetli ve etkin hava trafik operasyonlarının yürütülmesini ifade eden kentsel hava hareketliliği (UAM) kavramı son yıllarda havacılık endüstrisi tarafından sürekli olarak araştırılmaktadır. Dünyada nüfusun kentlere kayması sonucunda kara trafiğinde meydana gelebilecek tıkanıklıklara çözüm olması ön görülen UAM kavramı hava araçları teknolojisindeki gelişme ve havacılık kavramlarının da belli bir olgunluğa erişmesiyle ön plana çıkmaktadır. NASA, FAA, Airbus, EASA, EUROCONTROL gibi havacılık endüstrisinin önde gelen kuruluşları tarafından proje çalışmaları yürütülen UAM sisteminin, 2035 yılında 23.000 hava aracı ile 60 milyar euroluk bir pazara sahip olması öngörülmektedir. Bu çalışmada, öncelikle UAM kavramının geçmiş ve günümüzdeki süreci incelenerek geleneksel havacılık açısından bir bakış sağlanmakta, sonrasında sistemin hava sahası ve kentlerdeki ulaşım ağına entegrasyonuna yönelik en önemli iki faktör olan hava trafik yönetimi (ATM) ve toplum kabulü boyutunda değerlendirmeler yapılarak karşılaşabileceği zorluklara ilişkin çözümler tartışılmaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Kentsel Hava Hareketliliği, Hava Trafik Yönetimi, Toplum Kabulü, İnsansız Hava Aracı, Yenilikçi Teknoloji, Kentsel Nüfus

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